Origin
Lathyrus tshitirungensis De Wild. is a species of plant in the Fabaceae family. It is native to the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Common Names
Lathyrus tshitirungensis De Wild. is commonly referred to as the Tshitirungu pea in English, and as pois de Tshitirungu in French, which translates to Tshitirungu peas.
Uses
The Tshitirungu pea is primarily used as a food source. The seeds are edible and are often consumed cooked. In some areas of Congo, the seeds are used to make a paste or a soup. The plant's leaves are also consumed as a vegetable. In addition, Lathyrus tshitirungensis De Wild. is used for medicinal purposes. It has been traditionally used to treat headaches, malaria, and gastrointestinal disorders.
General Appearance
Lathyrus tshitirungensis De Wild. is a climbing plant that can grow up to two meters high. Its stems are slender and usually curled, and they bear tendrils that aid in climbing. The leaves are pinnate, with 2-4 pairs of leaflets. The flowers are purple and have a distinctive butterfly shape, with two large petals and a curved keel. The seeds are small and rounded, and they are typically light brown in color.
Light Requirements
Lathyrus tshitirungensis De Wild. requires full sunlight for optimal growth. It is recommended to grow the plant in an area that receives at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day.
Temperature Requirements
The plant prefers warm temperatures ranging between 20-30°C (68-86°F). It is important to note that Lathyrus tshitirungensis De Wild. does not tolerate frost and should not be grown in areas with temperatures lower than 0°C (32°F).
Soil Requirements
The plant grows well in well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. The pH range should be between 6.0 and 7.5. The soil should also be kept moist, but not waterlogged, to prevent root rot.
Cultivation of Lathyrus tshitirungensis De Wild.
Lathyrus tshitirungensis De Wild., commonly known as African violet pea, is a flowering plant species that belongs to the family Fabaceae. This plant is native to sub-Saharan Africa and is mainly found in savannas and grasslands. When it comes to cultivation, here are essential tips to follow:
- Soil: The soil should be well-drained and rich in organic matter.
- Temperature: The plant grows well in temperatures ranging from 18-24°C.
- Light: The plant thrives in partial shading but can also grow well in full sunlight.
- Propagation: Lathyrus tshitirungensis De Wild. can be propagated through seed or stem cuttings.
- Spacing: Keep a spacing of around 15-25 cm between the plant and ensure that there is good air circulation for healthy growth.
Watering Needs
Lathyrus tshitirungensis De Wild. prefers moderate watering and the soil should be kept evenly moist. Overwatering or under-watering can cause stress to the plant, leading to stunted growth or even death. It is essential to water the plant in the morning, preferably at the base of the plant, to reduce the risk of fungal infections.
Fertilization
Fertilization is necessary to supply the plant with required nutrients for growth and development. You can use a balanced fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 10-10-10 or 20-20-20. Apply the fertilizer monthly during the growing period but avoid over-fertilizing, which can lead to salt buildup and plant damage.
Pruning
Pruning is an essential aspect of plant care, as it helps to promote healthy growth and prevent disease. It is necessary to remove any dead or diseased leaves, stems, or flowers to keep the plant healthy. You can also prune the plant to a desirable shape or size. Pruning should be done during the growing season when the plant is actively growing.
Propagation of Lathyrus tshitirungensis
Lathyrus tshitirungensis De Wild. can be propagated by several methods. The following are the most common propagation methods:
Seed propagation
Propagation by seeds is the easiest and most common method for Lathyrus tshitirungensis. The seeds should be sown in spring or late autumn, preferably in a well-draining soil mixture with a neutral pH. Before sowing, the seeds should be soaked in water for at least 24 hours to break their dormancy. After sowing, the soil should be kept moist until germination occurs, which usually takes 2-3 weeks. Seedlings can be transplanted into individual pots or directly to the ground after they have developed their first true leaves.
Cuttings propagation
Lathyrus tshitirungensis can also be propagated by stem cuttings. Cuttings should be taken from healthy plants during the growing season. The cuttings should be 8-10 cm long and should include a few leaves. The lower leaves should be removed and the cutting should be planted in a well-draining soil mixture. The soil should be kept moist until rooting occurs, which usually takes 2-3 weeks. Once the cuttings have rooted, they can be transplanted into individual pots or directly to the ground.
Division propagation
Division is another method of propagation for Lathyrus tshitirungensis. This method should be done on established plants in late autumn or early spring. The plant should be gently lifted out of the soil and the root ball should be divided into several sections. Each section should have at least one healthy shoot and some roots. The divided sections can be replanted in individual pots or directly to the ground.
Propagation of Lathyrus tshitirungensis can be achieved through seeds, cuttings, or division. Proper care and attention should be given to the propagated plant to ensure its survival and growth.
Disease and Pest Management for Lathyrus tshitirungensis De Wild.
Lathyrus tshitirungensis De Wild. is a leguminous plant that is relatively easy to grow. Like most plants, it is vulnerable to pests and diseases. Some of the common pests and diseases that affect Lathyrus tshitirungensis De Wild. include:
Pests:
Aphids: These are small, soft-bodied insects that suck the sap out of the plant. They can cause yellowing and wilting of the leaves. To control aphids, you can spray the plants with a strong jet of water, use insecticidal soap or neem oil, or introduce natural predators such as ladybugs.
Mites: These are tiny pests that can cause yellowing and stunting of the leaves. They are often difficult to see without a magnifying glass. To control mites, you can spray the plants with an acaricide or introduce natural predators such as predatory mites.
Diseases:
Anthracnose: This is a fungal disease that causes dark lesions on the stems, leaves, and pods. The leaves may also yellow and drop off the plant. To prevent anthracnose, you should avoid overcrowding of the plants, remove infected plant parts, and use fungicides if necessary.
Mildew: This is a fungal disease that causes white powdery growth on the leaves and stems. It can reduce the plant's growth and yield. To control mildew, you should avoid overcrowding of the plants, provide good air circulation, and use fungicides if necessary.
Rust: This is a fungal disease that causes orange or brown pustules on the leaves and stems. It can cause defoliation and reduced yield. To control rust, you should avoid overhead irrigation, remove infected plant parts, and use fungicides if necessary.
Overall, the key to preventing and managing pests and diseases in Lathyrus tshitirungensis De Wild. is to maintain a healthy and clean growing environment, provide proper nutrition, and promptly address any issues that arise.
