Introduction
Lathyrus polymorphus Nutt. ssp. polymorphus is a herbaceous vine belonging to the family Fabaceae. This plant has a wild origin and can be found in various habitats across North America.
Common Names
The Lathyrus polymorphus Nutt. ssp. polymorphus is commonly known as Variableleaf wild peavine, Rock pea, or Wild sweet pea in English language. It has also been referred to as Lathyrus lanszwertii or Lathyrus missouriensis.
General Appearance
Lathyrus polymorphus Nutt. ssp. polymorphus is a slender perennial climber with stems that can grow up to 3 meters long. It has alternate, pinnately compound leaves that can range from 6 to 15 cm in length. The plant has a tendency to climb around trees and shrubs using tendrils to latch on to the support system.
The flowers of this plant bloom in a range of colours such as pink, violet, and purple on long peduncles. The fruit of Lathyrus polymorphus Nutt. ssp. polymorphus is a linear pod, measuring approximately 4 to 6 cm long, consisting of 8 to 12 seeds.
Uses
Lathyrus polymorphus Nutt. ssp. polymorphus has various ecological and horticultural uses. Its ability to fix nitrogen from the air to the soil makes it a valuable component in improving soil fertility. It is also useful in erosion control, where its dense growth helps hold the soil in place. Furthermore, its aesthetics of climbing vines and colourful flowers make it an attractive addition to gardens and landscapes.
Light Requirements
Lathyrus polymorphus Nutt. ssp. polymorphus is a plant that can grow in different levels of sunlight. However, it tends to perform best in a location that receives full sun for at least six hours per day. When grown in partial shade, it may produce smaller blooms and have a less robust growth pattern.
Temperature Requirements
The plant prefers a moderate temperature range between 20 - 25°C. It can withstand high temperatures for short periods but does best when the temperature does not exceed 30°C. Extremely cold temperatures can damage the plant. Therefore, when growing the plant within a region that experiences prolonged frost periods, consider growing it in a greenhouse.
Soil Requirements
Lathyrus polymorphus Nutt. ssp. polymorphus performs best when grown in moist, well-draining soils that are rich in organic matter and slightly acidic with a pH between 6.0 and 6.5. The soil should also have good water retention properties since the plant can be sensitive to drought stress. Improving soil fertility regularly can also boost the growth and flowering of the plant.
Cultivation:
Lathyrus polymorphus Nutt. ssp. polymorphus is a perennial plant that can grow up to two feet tall. It requires well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. The plant thrives in areas with full to partial sunlight, and it prefers cooler temperatures.
When preparing the planting bed, work the soil to a depth of at least 12 inches to ensure good drainage. Lathyrus polymorphus Nutt. ssp. polymorphus seeds can be started indoors or sown directly into the ground in the fall or early spring.
Watering Needs:
For optimal growth and blooming, Lathyrus polymorphus Nutt. ssp. polymorphus requires consistent moisture. Water the plant deeply once a week, or more frequently in hot, dry weather.
It is important not to overwater, as this can lead to root rot. Check the soil moisture level before watering, and adjust as necessary.
Fertilization:
To encourage healthy growth and flowering, fertilize Lathyrus polymorphus Nutt. ssp. polymorphus once a month during the growing season with a balanced fertilizer. Follow the manufacturer's instructions for application rates.
It is not necessary to fertilize in the fall or winter.
Pruning:
Lathyrus polymorphus Nutt. ssp. polymorphus benefits from regular pruning to promote bushy growth and prevent legginess. Pinch back the tips of the plant and remove spent flowers to encourage more blooms.
After the growing season has ended, cut back the stems to about six inches above the soil level. This will help the plant to come back strong the following year.
Propagation of Lathyrus polymorphus Nutt. ssp. polymorphus
Lathyrus polymorphus Nutt. ssp. polymorphus, commonly known as low vetchling, is a flowering herbaceous plant that belongs to the family Fabaceae. This plant is native to North America and is widely recognized for its attractive flowers and foliage.
Propagation by Seeds
The most common method to propagate Lathyrus polymorphus Nutt. ssp. polymorphus is from seeds. The seeds are generally harvested in late summer or early fall after the plant has finished flowering. To ensure high germination rates, it is recommended to select healthy pods and allow them to mature on the plant before harvesting.
Once collected, the seeds should be dried and stored in a cool and dry place until ready to plant. To improve germination, it is recommended to scarify the seeds by soaking them in hot water for 24 hours before planting. Sow the seeds 1-2 inches deep in well-draining soil, preferably in early spring or fall. Keep the soil moist, but not waterlogged, until the seeds germinate, which usually takes around 2-3 weeks.
Propagation by Division
An alternative method to propagate Lathyrus polymorphus Nutt. ssp. polymorphus is through division. This method involves separating a mature plant into smaller sections and replanting them in different locations.
To propagate through division, it is recommended to do so in the early spring, just as new growth begins to emerge. Gently dig up the plant and separate it into sections, ensuring each section has several healthy stems and a good root system. Replant each section in a well-draining soil mixture, and water regularly to ensure proper establishment.
Overall, Lathyrus polymorphus Nutt. ssp. polymorphus is a relatively easy plant to propagate, with good success rates using either the seed or division method. With proper care, this plant can provide long-lasting beauty to any garden or landscape.
Disease Management
Lathyrus polymorphus Nutt. ssp. polymorphus is susceptible to several diseases, including powdery mildew, anthracnose, and root rot. Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that appears as a white powdery film on the leaves, stems, and flowers of the plant. Anthracnose is a bacterial disease that causes brownish-black spots on the leaves and stems, which can eventually lead to defoliation. Root rot is a fungal disease that causes the roots to become mushy and brown, leading to the eventual death of the plant.
One way to manage powdery mildew is to improve air circulation around the plant by pruning overcrowded branches. Fungicides such as sulfur or potassium bicarbonate can help manage powdery mildew. For anthracnose, removing infected plant parts and applying copper fungicides can help manage the disease. To prevent root rot, avoid overwatering the plant and ensure proper drainage. Fungicides may also be used to treat root rot.
Pest Management
Common pests that may affect Lathyrus polymorphus Nutt. ssp. polymorphus include aphids, spider mites, and whiteflies. Aphids are small, soft-bodied insects that feed on the sap of the plant, causing stunted growth and leaf curling. Spider mites are tiny arachnids that also feed on the sap of the plant and can cause leaf discoloration and defoliation. Whiteflies are small, fly-like insects that suck the sap of the plant and can cause stunted growth and yellowing of the leaves.
To manage aphids, introducing natural predators such as ladybugs or lacewings can help control their population. Insecticidal soap or neem oil can also be used to manage aphids. Spider mites can be managed by spraying the plant with a strong stream of water, introducing predatory mites, or using insecticidal soap. Yellow sticky traps can also help manage whiteflies.
It is important to regularly inspect the plant for any signs of disease or pest infestations and take appropriate measures to manage them before they cause significant damage to the plant.
