Overview
Lathyrus incanus, also known as Purple Peavine, is a flowering plant that belongs to the Fabaceae family. It is widespread in the eastern United States and can be found growing in fields, meadows, and along roadsides. It is a herbaceous plant that can grow up to six feet tall and produces showy, purple flowers.
Appearance
Lathyrus incanus has a wiry, vine-like stem that can climb or trail across the ground. Its leaves consist of two oblong leaflets. Each stem produces a cluster of 5-10 flowers with five petals that are usually purple, but can also be white or pink. The plant blooms from May to August and produces pea-like fruits that contain two to four seeds.
Uses
Although Lathyrus incanus has no significant commercial use, the plant has been used for many years for its ornamental value. Its flowers are highly prized by gardeners and are used for floral arrangements. Additionally, some Native American tribes have used parts of the plant to treat bruises, sores, and other ailments.
Light Requirements
Lathyrus incanus requires full sunlight for optimal growth and development. The plant can tolerate partial shade, but to bloom, it needs an adequate amount of direct sunlight. Growing in shade for prolonged periods may cause reduced flowering and weaker stems.
Temperature Requirements
Being a hardy plant, Lathyrus incanus is remarkably resilient to harsh temperatures. It can tolerate temperature variations in a range of zones 4-9, the ideal temperatures for growth and development ranges from 10-30°C (50-86°F) during the growing season. The plant can withstand chilly temperatures of approximately -20°C to -30°C (-4°F to -22°F) during winter provided proper mulching and insulation are provided.
Soil Requirements
Lathyrus incanus prefers well-drained sandy loam or loamy soils enriched with organic matter. These soils have good drainage and aeration to prevent waterlogging, which can lead to root rot. The pH of the soil should be neutral to slightly alkaline (>pH7). If the soil is acidic, add lime to raise the pH to the recommended level. The plant prefers moderate soil fertility and grows well in soils with a moderate nutrient supply. A soil test can provide guidelines on the fertility level and nutrient requirements.
Cultivation methods
Lathyrus incanus, commonly known as "lingo" or "hoary pea," is a hardy plant that can survive in a variety of soil types. The best soil for this plant is well-drained, humus-rich, and slightly acidic. It requires full sun exposure to grow well. To cultivate this plant, start by loosening the soil and removing any weeds or debris. Then, sow the seeds at a depth of 1-2 inches. Water gently and keep the soil moist until the seedlings emerge, which usually takes about 7-10 days.
Watering needs
While Lathyrus incanus can tolerate drought, it needs consistent watering to help it thrive. During the growing season, the plant needs about an inch of water per week, either from rainfall or manual watering. To prevent overwatering, ensure that the soil is well-drained and the water isn't sitting on top of the soil. Watering the plant early in the morning or late in the evening reduces water loss from evaporation.
Fertilization
Although Lathyrus incanus doesn't need a lot of fertilization, a small amount can help promote healthy growth and flowering. A slow-release fertilizer with balanced N-P-K (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) ratio can be applied during the early stages of growth, then again halfway through the season. Avoid overfertilizing, which can lead to leggy growth and fewer flowers.
Pruning
Lathyrus incanus doesn't need a lot of pruning, but it's a good idea to remove any dead or damaged stems or leaves throughout the growing season. This will help promote airflow and discourage pests and diseases. You can also deadhead (remove) the faded flowers to promote continual bloom and prevent seed pods from developing, which can sap energy from the plant. Pruning can also be useful to keep the plant in its desired shape and size.
Propagation of Lathyrus incanus (Sm. & Rydb.) Rydb.
Lathyrus incanus (Sm. & Rydb.) Rydb. is a perennial plant species that belongs to the Fabaceae family. It is commonly known as the Hoary Pea, and it is native to North America. The plant is attractive due to its stunning lilac flowers and silvery-grey foliage, making it an excellent addition to gardens and landscapes.
Propagation methods
Lathyrus incanus (Sm. & Rydb.) Rydb. can be propagated through a variety of methods, including:
- Seed propagation: Sow fresh seeds in a well-draining soil mix in spring or autumn. Germination typically occurs within 2 - 3 weeks, and the seedlings can be transplanted into individual containers once they have grown two true leaves. Seedlings can be grown indoors or outdoors, depending on their age and size.
- Division: Mature Lathyrus incanus (Sm. & Rydb.) Rydb. plants can be divided in autumn or early spring when the plant is dormant. Carefully lift the plant from the soil, and use a clean, sharp knife to divide the root ball into smaller sections. Each section must contain roots, shoots, and leaves. Transplant the divisions into individual containers or directly into the garden soil.
- Cuttings: Take semi-ripe cuttings from the tips of the plant's new growth in late spring or early summer. Cuttings must be approximately 10 cm long, with at least two leaf nodes. Remove the lower leaves and dip the cuttings' base in rooting hormone powder. Place the cuttings in a well-draining soil mix and keep them in a warm, humid, and partially shaded environment. Cuttings can take 6 - 8 weeks to root.
Regardless of the propagation method used, newly propagated Lathyrus incanus (Sm. & Rydb.) Rydb. plants must receive adequate sunlight, water, and fertilizer to encourage healthy growth and development.
Disease Management for Lathyrus incanus
Lathyrus incanus is relatively resistant to most diseases. However, there are certain diseases that can affect the plant, and it is important to manage them carefully to ensure the plant remains healthy. The following are the most common diseases that can affect Lathyrus incanus:
Pea Leaf Roll Virus
The Pea Leaf roll Virus can cause the leaves to become mottled and twisted. The best way to manage this virus is to remove infected plants as soon as they are identified, in order to prevent the virus from spreading.
Anthracnose
Anthracnose can cause brown spots to form on the leaves of the plant. To manage this disease, make sure the plant is well ventilated and not exposed to prolonged periods of moisture. It is also important to remove any infected leaves or stems and dispose of them carefully to avoid spreading the disease.
Powdery Mildew
Powdery Mildew can affect the leaves of the plant. To manage this disease, ensure the plant is well spaced to allow proper air circulation. You can also apply a fungicide to the plant to prevent the spread of the disease.
Pest Management for Lathyrus incanus
Another issue that can affect the health of Lathyrus incanus is pest infestation. It is important to recognize the signs of pest infestation and manage them before they can cause significant damage to the plant. The following are the most common pests that can affect Lathyrus incanus:
Spider mites
Spider mites are tiny insects that can infest the plant. They can cause yellow spots on the leaves and ultimately lead to defoliation. To manage spider mites, rinse the plant with water frequently to prevent them from proliferating. You can also apply a pesticide designed for spider mites to the plant.
Aphids
Aphids are common pests that can affect many types of plants, including Lathyrus incanus. They can cause stunted growth and yellowing of the leaves. To manage aphids, wash the leaves with a strong jet of water to dislodge them from the plant. You can also apply a pesticide for aphids to the plant.
Snails and slugs
Snails and Slugs can eat away at the leaves of the plant, causing significant damage. To manage these pests, place snail and slug traps around the plant. You can also use pesticides designed for snails and slugs to manage their populations.
Overall, keeping a close eye on the plant and responding quickly to any signs of disease or pest infestation is the best way to ensure that Lathyrus incanus remains healthy and productive.
