Overview: Lastrea limbosperma (All.) Heywood
Lastrea limbosperma (All.) Heywood, commonly known as the Lemon-scented Fern or Lemon-scented Shield Fern, is an evergreen, herbaceous fern belonging to the family Dryopteridaceae. It is native to Europe, Asia, and North America, where it is commonly found in moist, shady environments such as woodlands, rock crevices, and stream banks.
Appearance
Lastrea limbosperma has a distinct glossy sheen and yellow-green hue on its leaves, with a lemony fragrance when crushed. Fronds are pinnatifid, lance-shaped, and have a length of 15-50 cm. The midrib is hairy and is grooved on the upper surface. The sori are long and linear, covered by a kidney-shaped indusium, and are located towards the tips of the fronds.
Uses
Traditionally, the Lemon-scented Fern has been used for medicinal purposes. Native American tribes have used the fern to treat rheumatism, bruises, and wounds. Additionally, this fern can be used for ornamental purposes and is a popular choice for landscaping due to its visual appeal and adaptability to various soil conditions.
Moreover, studies show that the Lemon-scented Fern possesses mosquito-repelling properties and can repel other insects as well. The essential oil extracted from its leaves is used in perfumes, soaps, and toiletries. Its leaves are also used to flavor food and as a component in tea blends.
Typical Growth Conditions for Lastrea limbosperma (All.) Heywood
Lastrea limbosperma (All.) Heywood, also known as the silvery spleenwort, is a type of fern that typically grows in rocky and damp habitats throughout Europe. Although it is a hardy plant that can tolerate different environmental conditions, there are specific growth conditions that are most conducive to its growth and development.
Light Requirements
Lastrea limbosperma thrives in shaded or partially shaded areas. Excessive exposure to sunlight can cause the fronds to dry up and wilt, while insufficient light can slow down its growth and lead to poor foliage. Therefore, it is recommended to grow this fern in areas with filtered sunlight or in the shade of larger plants.
Temperature Range
The silvery spleenwort is a cold-hardy fern that prefers cooler temperatures. Its ideal temperature range is between 10 to 20°C (50 to 68°F), making it an excellent choice for outdoor gardens in temperate regions. However, it can still adapt to warmer climates as long as it is provided with adequate moisture and protection from direct sunlight.
Soil Requirements
Like most ferns, Lastrea limbosperma prefers soil that is rich in organic matter and well-draining. However, it can also grow in rocky or sandy soil as long as it is moist and provides enough anchorage for the plant's roots. Additionally, this fern is sensitive to soil pH and thrives in neutral to slightly acidic soils with a pH level between 6.0 and 7.5.
Planting
The Lastrea limbosperma or the Jersey fern is a simple plant to cultivate. Choose a location that is well-drained and partly shaded to grow the fern. It thrives in a slightly acidic soil that contains enough organic matter.
The process of planting is pretty straightforward. Begin by digging a hole that is two times the width and depth of the root ball. Add a layer of organic compost and mix it well with the soil. Place the fern in the hole and ensure that the top of the root ball is level with the soil's surface. Water your plant thoroughly to settle the soil and promote root establishment.
Watering
Lastrea limbosperma thrives best in a moist environment. Keep the soil consistently moist but avoid overwatering as it causes the roots to rot. During summer, water your plant every two days, and in the winter months, ensure the soil does not dry out entirely to promote its survival.
Fertilization
The Jersey fern does not need much fertilizer as it grows well in a rich soil blend. However, applying a slow-release fertilizer during the growing season helps enhance its growth and development. Use a balanced fertilizer to strengthen its foliage and promote the formation of new fronds.
Pruning
Pruning the Lastrea limbosperma helps promote its growth and development by controlling its size and shape. Cut off any dead, yellow, or brown fronds to enhance its overall appearance. Ensure not to over-prune the fern as it may weaken its growth. Pruning once or twice annually before or after the growing season will suffice.
Propagation of Lastrea limbosperma
Lastrea limbosperma, commonly known as the Northern Rusty-back or Rustyback fern, is a deciduous, rhizomatous fern native to Europe and Asia.
Propagation Methods
Lastrea limbosperma can be propagated in several ways:
Spores
The most common and preferred method of Lastrea limbosperma propagation is through spores. Sow the spores on a suitable growing medium, like peat or sphagnum moss, and keep them in a moist, warm environment. Once the sporelings have reached a suitable size, you can transfer them to individual pots with regular potting soil. With careful care, the spores can quickly become full-grown plants.
Division
You can also propagate Lastrea limbosperma using division, which involves separating the rhizomes into smaller segments and planting them separately. It is best done during early spring when new growth is just starting to emerge. Dig up the rhizomes and separate them into small pieces using a sterilized knife or scissors. Each segment should have at least one stem and several leaves. Plant each segment in an individual pot that has drainage holes and filled with quality potting soil. Moist the soil and keep the pot in a warm, bright location.
Cuttings
Although not common, you can propagate Lastrea limbosperma using cuttings. Collect fresh, green fronds with healthy leaf blades and use a sharp scissors to cut them into sections, with each section including at least one leaf and a small portion of the stem. Dip the cut end into rooting hormone and plant into a pot filled with perlite or vermiculite. Keep the soil moist and covered with a plastic bag to maintain humidity until new growth appears.
Regardless of the propagation method, provide the same care that you would with a fully grown plant, such as adequate sunlight, moisture, and fertilization. With proper care, Lastrea limbosperma seems to grow and develop very quickly.
Disease and Pest Management for Lastrea limbosperma (All.) Heywood
Lastrea limbosperma, commonly known as Northern Rusty Back Fern, is a relatively disease-resistant fern. However, under certain environmental conditions and infectious agents, it can be affected by a few pests and diseases. Here are some of the common diseases and pests that might affect the plant and ways to manage them:
Diseases
The common diseases affecting Lastrea limbosperma include:
Root Rot
Root rot is a fungal disease that causes the roots to decay and ultimately leads to the death of the plant. To prevent the disease, it is crucial to ensure good soil drainage and to avoid excessive watering. Infected plants should be removed from the garden immediately to prevent the fungus from spreading.
Rust
Rust is a fungal disease that causes yellow or orange spots on the leaves, which eventually turn brown and fall off. To prevent the disease, keep the plants well-ventilated and remove any infected leaves immediately. Fungicides can also be used to control the spread of the disease.
Pests
The common pests affecting Lastrea limbosperma include:
Spider Mites
Spider mites are tiny pests that suck the sap from the leaves, resulting in yellowing and browning of the foliage. To prevent the pests, regularly mist the plants and ensure they are well-hydrated. Spider mites can be controlled by washing them off with a strong stream of water or spraying with insecticidal soap.
Slugs and Snails
Slugs and snails are pests that can cause severe damage to Lastrea limbosperma by eating the foliage. To prevent the pests, avoid over-watering and keep the garden clean. Handpicking the insects, setting up traps, or using baits can also control their spread. Copper strips or tape around the base of the plant can be an effective barrier against snails and slugs.
By following these management practices and promptly dealing with any pest or disease issues, you can help ensure the healthy growth and longevity of your Lastrea limbosperma plants.
