Origin
Lannea schimperi (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Engl. var. glabrescens (Engl.) J.B.Gillett, commonly known as the Anacardiaceae tree, is predominantly found in East Africa in countries such as Tanzania, Kenya, and Ethiopia.
Common Names
This tree is commonly referred to as the Gum Arabic tree, Marula tree, and African Wild Mango.
Uses
The Lannea schimperi plant has numerous uses in East African cultures. The tree's bark, leaves, and fruits are often used for medicinal purposes, including treating diarrhea, dysentery, and stomach ulcers. In addition, the plant's bark is often used to create various natural products, including tannins for leather and gum Arabic for food, medicine, and industrial purposes. The tree's fruit is also a significant source of nutrients, and it is commonly used to make juice, jam, and alcoholic beverages.
General Appearance
The Lannea schimperi tree is a deciduous tree with a straight trunk that can grow up to 20 meters tall. The tree bark is gray-brown and fissured, and its leaves are dark green, simple, and alternate. The flowers are small and greenish-yellow, and the fruits are spherical and green when unripe, turning yellowish-red when ripe. The fruit contains a hard seed that is surrounded by edible flesh. The tree can be seen growing in dry, open woodland, and rocky outcrops in the savanna ecosystem.
Light Requirements
Lannea schimperi var. glabrescens prefers bright light but can tolerate partial shade. They grow well in open areas where they can receive ample sunlight. When grown indoors, it is best to place them near a bright window with indirect sunlight.
Temperature Requirements
This plant can thrive in warm to hot temperatures, ranging from 20 to 35 °C. The minimum temperature requirement is 15°C. It is essential to keep them away from drafts as they are sensitive to sudden temperature changes.
Soil Requirements
Lannea schimperi var. glabrescens prefers well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. They grow well in soils with a pH range of 5.5 to 6.5. A mix of garden soil, coarse sand, and compost can provide excellent soil conditions for the plant.
Water Requirements
The plant requires moderate watering. During the hot season, the plant may require more frequent watering, while during winter, less water is necessary. Overwatering can cause root rot, while under-watering can cause leaf drop and stunted growth.
Fertilizer Requirements
Lannea schimperi var. glabrescens is a heavy feeder and requires regular fertilization. Fertilize the plant once every two weeks during the growing season, using a balanced liquid fertilizer. Avoid fertilizing during winter when the plant is dormant.
Propagation
Lannea schimperi var. glabrescens can be propagated through stem cuttings or seeds. Stem cuttings should be taken in summer and placed in a well-draining soil mix. The seeds should be planted in a seedbed with well-prepared soil and kept moist until germination.
Cultivation of Lannea schimperi (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Engl. var. glabrescens (Engl.) J.B.Gillett
Lannea schimperi (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Engl. var. glabrescens (Engl.) J.B.Gillett, commonly known as African apple, is a small tree that is native to East Africa. It is a great choice for home gardens due to its ornamental and edible qualities.
The best time to plant this tree is during the rainy season when the soil is moist. The plant should be grown in well-drained soil that is rich in organic matter. It should also be positioned in a location with partial shade or full sun to ensure that it grows healthily.
Watering Needs
During the first two years of growth, Lannea schimperi requires regular watering to establish roots and grow. Once established, it needs less water but should still receive regular watering. It is important to avoid over-watering, as this may lead to the development of fungal infections.
Fertilization
Lannea schimperi should be fertilized at least once every three to four months to promote healthy growth. A balanced, slow-release fertilizer is ideal for this plant. It is important to follow the recommended amount of fertilizer to prevent over-fertilization, which can damage the plant.
Pruning
Lannea schimperi should be pruned annually to remove any dead or damaged branches. Pruning also helps the plant maintain its shape and size. It is important to use clean and sharp pruning tools to avoid damaging the plant.
In conclusion, cultivating Lannea schimperi requires attention to the plant's needs in terms of watering, fertilizing, and pruning. With proper care and management, this tree can thrive in home gardens and provide aesthetic appeal and nourishment.
Propagation of Lannea Schimperi var. Glabrescens
Lannea Schimperi var. Glabrescens, commonly known as the Marula tree, is a valuable tree in Africa. The tree is propagated through various methods and techniques, which include:
Propagation by Seeds
The most common method of propagating Lannea Schimperi var. Glabrescens is through seeds. The tree produces large, round fruits that contain a single seed. The fruit is harvested from the tree when it is ripe and allowed to dry in the sun for a few days. Once the fruit is dried, it is cracked open, and the seed is extracted. The seeds are then planted in a well-draining soil mix and watered regularly. The seeds usually take four to six weeks to germinate.
Propagation by Cuttings
Lannea Schimperi var. Glabrescens can also be propagated by stem cuttings. The best time to take cuttings is during the dormant season. The cuttings should be taken from healthy trees, and the stem should be about 15 cm long. The leaves should be removed from the lower part of the stem, and the stem should be planted in a well-draining soil mix. The cutting should be watered regularly, and it usually takes about eight weeks for roots to develop.
Propagation by Air Layering
Air layering is another method of propagating Lannea Schimperi var. Glabrescens. This method involves making a small cut through the bark of the tree, and then wrapping it with a wet sphagnum moss. The moss is then wrapped with a plastic bag to keep it moist. Roots will develop at the cut area. Once roots have formed, the branch can be cut off and planted in a well-draining soil mix.
Propagation of Lannea Schimperi var. Glabrescens is relatively easy using the above methods. However, it is essential to note that the success rate of each method may vary depending on several factors such as soil conditions, climate, and the time of year.
Disease Management
Lannea schimperi var. glabrescens is susceptible to several diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, and viruses. The most common diseases affecting this plant are:
- Anthracnose: This fungal disease causes dark, sunken lesions on the leaves, stems, and fruits. To manage it, remove and destroy infected plant parts and apply a fungicide.
- Powdery mildew: This disease appears as white, powdery patches on the leaves, stems, and flowers. Reduce humidity and improve air circulation around the plant. Apply a fungicide to prevent further infection.
- Root rot: This disease is caused by soil-borne pathogens that attack the roots, leading to wilting, yellowing, and eventual death of the plant. To manage it, reduce watering, improve soil drainage, and apply a fungicide.
Pest Management
Lannea schimperi var. glabrescens is also prone to attack by several pests, such as insects and mites. The most common pests affecting this plant are:
- Aphids: These small insects feed on the sap, causing leaf curling, yellowing, and stunted growth. Apply insecticidal soap or neem oil to manage the infestation.
- Spider mites: These tiny pests suck the sap from the leaves, causing stippling and yellowing. Increase humidity and spray the plant with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
- Whiteflies: These tiny insects suck the sap from the leaves, causing stunted growth and yellowing. To manage the infestation, remove and destroy heavily infested leaves and spray the plant with insecticidal soap or neem oil.