Overview
Justicia longecalcarata Lindau is a beautiful and rare plant species belonging to the genus Justicia and family Acanthaceae. The plant is native to Southeast Asia, specifically Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia.
Description
Justicia longecalcarata Lindau is a perennial plant that can grow up to 2 meters in height. It has a slender, woody stem with branches that form a bushy appearance. The leaves of the plant are ovate, dark green, and can grow up to 10 cm long and 5 cm wide. The flowers of the plant are both attractive and unusual, with a long tubular calyx that is about 4 cm long and usually purple or bluish in color. The plant's most striking feature is the long spurs that protrude from the base of the calyx, which can grow up to 12 cm in length.
Common Names
Justicia longecalcarata Lindau is known by several common names across its native range, including 'Tew Mae', 'Pak Khruea', 'Plaa Khruea', and 'Khaw Nang Hang'. The common name 'Tew Mae' is derived from the Thai language and translates to 'Mom's Boat' in English, a reference to the long spurs that resemble a boat's prow.
Uses
Justicia longecalcarata Lindau has several uses in traditional medicine across Southeast Asia. The plant's roots, leaves, and stems are used to treat various ailments such as fever, stomach pains, and inflammation. The plant is also used as a diuretic and can help to relieve pain. In addition to its therapeutic properties, the plant is grown for ornamental purposes in gardens and botanical collections due to its striking flowers and unusual appearance.
Overall, Justicia longecalcarata Lindau is a unique plant species that is both visually striking and useful in traditional medicine. Its rarity has made it a sought-after species among plant collectors and enthusiasts.Light Requirements
Justicia longecalcarata Lindau grows best in bright, indirect sunlight. It can also tolerate some degree of direct sun exposure, especially in the morning hours. However, too much direct sunlight can cause leaf burn and stunt growth. If grown indoors, placing the plant near a west or south-facing window can provide the appropriate level of light.
Temperature Requirements
The ideal temperature range for Justicia longecalcarata Lindau is between 18°C to 27°C (64°F to 80°F). Temperatures below 15°C (59°F) can cause damage to the plant, while temperatures above 30°C (86°F) can cause the plant to wilt and dry out quickly. To maintain consistent growth, it's important to keep the plant in a room where temperatures stay relatively constant.
Soil Requirements
Justicia longecalcarata Lindau prefers well-draining soil that's slightly acidic with a pH range of 5.5 to 6.5. The soil should also be rich in organic matter to provide essential nutrients to the plant. A good soil mix for this plant would include peat moss, perlite, and vermiculite. It's important not to let the soil dry out completely between watering, as this can cause damage to the plant's roots.
Cultivation Methods
Justicia longecalcarata Lindau, also known as the White Flamingo Flower, is a tropical plant that prefers warm and humid environments. It is commonly grown in a pot and can be kept indoors or outdoors. To grow this plant, start with a well-draining potting mix and choose a container that allows for good drainage. Plant the White Flamingo Flower in a slightly acidic soil that is rich in organic matter. The plant thrives in bright, indirect sunlight and requires protection from direct sunlight.
Watering Needs
Justicia longecalcarata Lindau requires frequent but not too heavy watering to avoid waterlogging. The soil should be kept moist but not wet during the growing season. Ensure that you water the plant from the bottom to avoid wetting the leaves. During the dormant period, water the plant sparingly. The soil should be allowed to dry out between watering sessions. Avoid using tap water that has high salt content as it can damage the plant.
Fertilization
Justicia longecalcarata Lindau requires regular feeding during the growing season. Fertilize the plant every two weeks with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer that is high in nitrogen. Avoid over-fertilizing the plant as it can lead to leaf burn and other problems. During the dormant period, fertilize the plant sparingly or not at all.
Pruning
Justicia longecalcarata Lindau requires pruning after blooming to maintain its shape and promote new growth. Cut off the stems that have spent flowers to encourage new blooming. Also, remove diseased or damaged stems to prevent the spread of diseases.
Propagation of Justicia longecalcarata Lindau
Justicia longecalcarata Lindau is a perennial plant characterized by its attractive red flowers and green leaves. It is commonly found in tropical regions and is a popular choice for ornamental gardening.
Propagation by Seeds
Propagation of Justicia longecalcarata Lindau can be done easily with seeds. The seeds can be collected from mature flowers, stored in a cool and dry place before planting, or they can be ordered online from seed suppliers.
Before planting the seeds, it’s recommended to soak them in warm water for at least 24 hours to soften the hard seed coat. After soaking, plant the seeds about 1/4 inch deep in a well-drained potting mix. Keep the soil moist and place the pot in a warm, brightly lit spot. The seeds should germinate within 2-3 weeks.
Propagation by Cuttings
Propagation of Justicia longecalcarata Lindau can also be done through stem cuttings. Take cuttings during the growing season from healthy, non-flowering stems, making sure they are at least 4-6 inches long. Remove the lower leaves and dip the cut end in rooting hormone. Plant the cuttings in a well-draining soil mix and keep in a bright, humid spot out of direct sunlight. Keep the soil moist and the cuttings should root within 4-6 weeks.
Propagation by Division
The plant can also be propagated by division. This method can be used for mature plants that have more than one stem. Gently remove the plant from its pot, divide the root ball with a sharp knife, and replant the divided sections in well-draining soil mix. Keep the soil moist and the divided sections should establish within a few weeks.
Disease and Pest Management for Justicia longecalcarata Lindau
Justicia longecalcarata Lindau is a tropical plant that can be affected by pests and diseases despite being low maintenance. Here are some common pests and diseases that can affect the plant and how to manage them:
Pest Management
Spider Mites: These tiny pests can be seen on the underside of the plant’s leaves, causing the leaves to turn yellow and fall off. To control spider mites, you can use insecticidal soap, neem oil or horticultural oil. Wash the plant with soapy water or spray insecticides on the infested area to control spider mites.
Mealybugs: Mealybugs are soft-bodied insects that can cause damage to the plant. They suck the sap from the plant, causing the leaves to turn yellow and drop off. You can control Mealybugs by using a cotton swab and some rubbing alcohol to remove them from the plant. Alternatively, you can use neem oil or insecticides to control them.
Thrips: Thrips love feeding on the buds and flowers of the plant. You can control them by using sticky traps, neem oil, and insecticides.
Disease Management
Fungal Leaf Spot: Fungal leaf spots cause irregular brown spots on the plant's leaves. The spots can merge and cause the leaves to drop off. Remove infected leaves and avoid watering the plant from above. You can use a copper-based fungicide to control fungal leaf spots.
Root Rot: Over-watering can cause root rot, which makes the plant's roots mushy and blackened. To prevent root rot, avoid over-watering and ensure that the plant has good drainage. You can remove the rotting roots, replant the plant and treat it with a fungicide.
Powdery Mildew: Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that causes a white powdery substance to appear on the plant's leaves. You can control powdery mildew by removing the infected leaves, increasing air circulation, and using a fungicide.
By following these guidelines and monitoring your Justicia longecalcarata Lindau regularly, you can ensure that your plant is healthy and free of pests and diseases.
