Origin
Impatiens tricaudata G.M.Schulze, commonly known as three-tailed jewelweed or triple-spurred jewelweed, is a plant species that belongs to the family Balsaminaceae. Originally found in Russia, it has spread to other areas of the world and can be found in North America, Europe, and Asia.
Common Names
The plant is commonly known as three-tailed jewelweed or triple-spurred jewelweed due to the three distinct downward-pointing spurs that project from the lower corolla of the flowers.
Uses
Impatiens tricaudata is traditionally used for medicinal purposes. It has anti-inflammatory and antihistaminic properties and is used on poison ivy, poison oak, and other skin irritations. The leaves can be crushed and applied directly to the inflamed area for relief. Infusions of the plant are also used to treat digestive problems. In some parts of the world, the plant is also used as a food source, and the seeds are roasted and ground to make flour.
General Appearance
The plant's stem is smooth, cylindrical, and can grow up to 1 meter in height. The leaves are egg-shaped and serrated with a pointed tip. The flowers are large and orange-yellow in color with three petals and three spurs, which give the plant its distinct appearance. The fruit of the plant is a capsule that contains numerous seeds.
Light Requirements
Impatiens tricaudata G.M.Schulze thrives in a moderate level of light, making it an ideal indoor plant. Direct sunlight is not recommended, as it can cause the plant's leaves to burn or wilt. An area with dappled shade or filtered light is best suited for its growth. If cultivating the plant indoors, place it near a bright light source, but ensure the leaves are not exposed to direct sunlight.
Temperature Requirements
This plant grows well in tropical to subtropical temperatures, with a recommended range of 18°C to 26°C (65°F to 80°F). Temperatures below 13°C (55°F) can cause the plant to die. In extreme heat, it is important to keep the Impatiens tricaudata G.M.Schulze well-watered, since hot temperatures cause the plant to lose water rapidly through transpiration.
Soil Requirements
The soil for Impatiens tricaudata G.M.Schulze should be organically rich and moist but well-drained to prevent root rot. It grows best in soils with a pH between 6.0 and 6.5. Adding compost or well-rotted manure to the soil helps to increase its nutrient content and improve the soil structure. When selecting a pot for the plant, choose a container with drainage holes to allow excess water to flow out.
Cultivation Methods
Impatiens tricaudata G.M.Schulze grows best in moist and well-drained soil with partial shade. It prefers temperatures between 18-25°C and humidity levels between 40-60%. The plant can be propagated from seeds or stem cuttings, and it blooms from spring to fall.
Watering Needs
The plant requires regular watering, especially during hot and dry weather. It is essential to keep the soil moist, but not waterlogged, as the plant is susceptible to root rot. Watering can be reduced during the winter season when the plant is in a dormant state.
Fertilization
Impatiens tricaudata G.M.Schulze requires regular fertilization to promote healthy growth and flowering. Fertilizers rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are recommended, and they should be applied every two weeks from spring to fall. It is important not to over-fertilize, as this can cause damage to the plant.
Pruning
Pruning is essential to maintain the shape and size of the plant and to promote healthy growth. It is recommended to prune the plant after flowering, as this will encourage the growth of new shoots and blooms. Dead or yellowing leaves and flowers should also be removed regularly to prevent disease and pests.
Propagation of Impatiens tricaudata G.M.Schulze
Impatiens tricaudata G.M.Schulze can be propagated by seeds or cuttings.
Propagation by Seeds
The seeds of Impatiens tricaudata can be directly sown into the soil or started indoors. When sowing outdoors, make sure the soil stays moist until the seeds germinate. Sow the seeds thinly and cover them with a thin layer of soil. Keep the soil moist and the seedlings should emerge within 10-14 days. When starting seeds indoors, place them in a well-draining soil mix and keep the soil moist. Once the seedlings have developed their first true leaves, they can be transplanted to larger containers or planted outside.
Propagation by Cuttings
Impatiens tricaudata can also be propagated by taking stem cuttings. Cut a 3-4 inch stem from the parent plant and remove the leaves from the lower half of the stem. Dip the cut end into rooting hormone and plant it in a well-draining soil mix. Cover the cutting with a clear plastic bag to create a mini greenhouse and keep the soil moist. After a few weeks, the cutting should develop roots and can be removed from the plastic bag. Plant the cutting in a larger container or outside in a suitable location.
Disease and Pest Management for Impatiens tricaudata G.M.Schulze
Impatiens tricaudata G.M.Schulze is a beautiful ornamental plant that grows in tropical and subtropical regions. The plant is prone to various diseases and pests that can affect the growth and development of the plant. Here are some common diseases and pests that might affect the plant.
Diseases
Fungal Diseases: Impatiens tricaudata G.M.Schulze is susceptible to various fungal diseases such as powdery mildew, downy mildew, and root rot. Powdery mildew appears as a white powdery substance on the leaves and stem of the plant, while downy mildew appears as yellow spots on the leaves. Root rot is a fungal disease that affects the root system of the plant, causing the plant to wilt and eventually die.
Bacterial Diseases: Impatiens tricaudata G.M.Schulze is also prone to bacterial diseases such as bacterial wilt, which can cause sudden wilting of the plant and death within a few days.
Pests
Aphids: Aphids are small insects that feed on the sap of the plant, causing the leaves to curl and distort. Aphids also secrete a sticky substance known as honeydew, which attracts other insects and promotes fungal growth.
Spider Mites: Spider mites are tiny pests that suck the sap from the plant, causing yellowing and drying of the leaves. Spider mites are common in hot and dry conditions.
Management
Cultural Practices: Maintaining good cultural practices can help prevent the occurrence of diseases and pests. This includes proper watering, fertilization, and pruning of the plant. Avoid overwatering the plant as it can promote the growth of fungal diseases.
Biological Control: The use of natural enemies such as predatory mites, ladybugs, and lacewings can help control pest populations without the use of chemicals.
Chemical Control: The use of pesticides can be an effective way to control pests and diseases. However, it is important to choose a pesticide that is specific to the pest or disease and follow the instructions carefully to avoid damaging the plant.
By following these management practices, you can help keep your Impatiens tricaudata G.M.Schulze healthy and beautiful. Regular monitoring and early detection of diseases and pests are also important for effective management.
