Overview
Impatiens noli-tangere L. is a species of flowering plant that belongs to the family Balsaminaceae. It is commonly known as Noli-me-tangere, Touch-me-not, or Impatiens.
Origin
The plant is native to Northern and Central Europe, from Norway to Italy. It prefers damp and shady habitats, such as woodlands, riverbanks, and mountain meadows.
General Appearance
Impatiens noli-tangere L. is an herbaceous annual plant that grows to a height of 20-60 cm. It has a slender stem that is often reddish in color and hairy. The leaves are alternate, ovate, and toothed, with a length of 2-7 cm. The flowers are yellow and have five petals that are up to 2 cm long. They bloom from June to September and are pollinated by bees and other insects. The fruits are oval capsules that explode when touched, dispersing the seeds.
Uses
The plant has been used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments, including wounds, burns, and skin irritations. The juice extracted from the fresh plant was believed to have diuretic properties and was used to treat urinary tract infections. In modern times, the plant is primarily grown as an ornamental in gardens and parks due to its attractive flowers and foliage.
Light Requirements
Impatiens noli-tangere L. is a shade-loving plant that prefers partial to full shade. It can also tolerate some morning sun but may suffer if exposed to direct sunlight during the hottest part of the day.
Temperature Requirements
The typical temperature range for Impatiens noli-tangere L. is between 10°C to 25°C. It is sensitive to frost and cannot survive prolonged exposure to freezing temperatures. This plant is relatively adaptable to different temperature conditions, which makes it possible to grow in different climatic regions.
Soil Requirements
Impatiens noli-tangere L. prefers moist and well-draining soils rich in organic matter. It grows best in soils with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.0. The soil should be kept evenly moist but not waterlogged. This plant can also tolerate occasional dry spells, but prolonged drought can lead to stunted growth and poor flowering.
It is important to note that this plant is susceptible to root rot, so it is essential to avoid waterlogging the soil for prolonged periods. Adding sand or perlite to the soil can improve drainage, and applying mulch can help retain moisture in the soil.
Cultivation methods for Impatiens noli-tangere L.
Impatiens noli-tangere L., commonly known as yellow balsam or touch-me-not, prefers light shaded areas but can also grow under full sun. It thrives in soils that are rich in organic matter and moderately moist. The plant is propagated through seeds and can also be divided in spring or autumn when it's mature enough.
It's best to plant the seeds in early spring, making sure the soil is slightly moist. The seeds should be covered with a thin layer of soil and kept in a shaded place. When the seedlings emerge, they should be transplanted to larger pots and kept in a shaded area for a few weeks before being transferred to their permanent location.
Watering needs of Impatiens noli-tangere L.
Yellow balsam requires frequent watering in order to prevent the soil from getting too dry. The soil should always be slightly moist, but never waterlogged. During warm weather, the plant may need to be watered twice a day, in the morning and evening. It's important to water the plant at the base and avoid wetting the leaves, as this can encourage fungal diseases.
Fertilization of Impatiens noli-tangere L.
Impatiens noli-tangere L. benefits from regular fertilization, especially during the growing season. A balanced fertilizer with equal parts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is a good choice, applied every two weeks. Organic fertilizers such as compost or well-rotted manure can also be used, added once a month. It's important not to over-fertilize, as this can damage the plant and lead to the excessive growth of leaves, at the expense of flowers.
Pruning of Impatiens noli-tangere L.
Pruning is not necessary for Impatiens noli-tangere L. unless there are damaged, diseased, or dead branches. These should be removed as soon as they are noticed, using a sharp, sterilized tool. Yellow balsam plants can also be pinched back to encourage branching and bushiness, especially when they are young. However, this should be done carefully and sparingly, to avoid weakening the plant or reducing flower production.
Propagation of Impatiens noli-tangere L.
Impatiens noli-tangere, also known as Western Touch-me-not or Noli-me-tangere, is a perennial herbaceous plant native to Europe. It is a popular garden plant due to its attractive yellow flowers and delicate foliage. Propagation of this plant can be achieved through various methods, including seeds, stem cuttings, and division.
Propagation by seeds
The most common and easiest way to propagate Impatiens noli-tangere is by seeds. Seeds should be sown indoors in early spring in a well-draining potting mix. The seeds should be lightly covered with soil and kept moist but not too wet. Germination should occur within two to three weeks. Once the seedlings have developed their second set of true leaves, they can be transplanted into individual containers or outside in the garden.
Propagation by stem cuttings
Propagation of Impatiens noli-tangere can be achieved through stem cuttings taken in late spring or early summer. Cuttings should be taken from healthy plants and should be four to six inches long, with at least two sets of leaves. The bottom set of leaves should be removed, and the cuttings should be planted in a well-draining potting mix. The cuttings should be kept moist and in a shaded area until they have developed roots. Once the roots have formed, the new plants can be transplanted into individual containers or outside in the garden.
Propagation by division
Impatiens noli-tangere can also be propagated by division during the dormant season, which occurs in early spring or late fall. The plant's root ball should be carefully removed from the soil, and the roots should be gently separated. Each division should have several shoots and a healthy root system. The new plants can be planted in individual containers or outside in the garden.
Disease and Pest Management for Impatiens noli-tangere L.
Impatiens noli-tangere L. is a beautiful wildflower that grows in meadows, woodlands, and rocky areas. However, like any other plant, it is vulnerable to several diseases and pests that can affect its health and appearance. Here are some common diseases and pests and ways to manage them:
Diseases
1. Downy Mildew: This is one of the most common diseases that affect impatiens. Downy mildew is caused by a fungus-like organism that thrives in wet and humid conditions. Symptoms include yellowing of leaves, stunted growth, and white, fuzzy growth on the undersides of leaves. To manage downy mildew, it's crucial to avoid overhead watering and overcrowding of plants. Use disease-resistant varieties, improve air circulation, and remove infected plants immediately.
2. Verticillium Wilt: This is a fungal disease that causes wilting of the plant's leaves and stems. Infected plants may also have yellowing and stunted leaves, and the roots may show discoloration. Managing verticillium wilt involves removing infected plants and avoiding planting impatiens in the same soil for several years. Improve soil drainage and use disease-resistant varieties of impatiens.
Pests
1. Aphids: These tiny insects feed on the sap of impatiens, causing leaves to curl and yellow. They also excrete a sticky substance known as honeydew that attracts ants and promotes the growth of sooty mold. To manage aphids, use insecticidal soap or neem oil to suffocate them. You can also encourage natural predators like ladybugs and lacewings.
2. Spider Mites: These pests are not insects but arachnids that suck the sap from impatiens. Spider mites cause yellowing of leaves, stippling, and webbing. They thrive in hot and dry conditions, so maintaining proper humidity levels can help manage them. Use insecticidal soap or neem oil to kill spider mites, and prune off severely infected leaves.
3. Slugs and Snails: These pests feed on the leaves and stems of impatiens, creating irregular holes and ragged edges. They also leave a trail of slime, making them easy to spot. To manage slugs and snails, use copper tape or a barrier of crushed eggshells or diatomaceous earth around the plants. You can also place beer traps or handpick them and dispose of them.
By following these disease and pest management tips, you can keep your Impatiens noli-tangere L. healthy and beautiful.
