Overview
Impatiens burtonii Hook.f. var. angusti-calcarata (De Wild.) R.Wilczek & G.M.Schulze is a flowering plant species that belongs to the family Balsaminaceae. It is commonly known as the narrow-spurred impatiens or the Burton's balsam.
Origin
The plant is native to the tropical rainforests of Central and East Africa, particularly in Rwanda, Uganda, and Tanzania. It grows in the understory of the forest floor, along rivers or in wetlands.
Appearance
The narrow-spurred impatiens grows up to 20-30cm in height, and has typical impatiens-like leaves that are ovate in shape and deep green in color. The flowers are usually white, but can also appear in shades of pink or lilac. They have a spur-like appendage at the back that is long and narrow, measuring 1-2cm in length. The plant produces flowers throughout the year, although they are most abundant from June to August.
Uses
Impatiens burtonii Hook.f. var. angusti-calcarata (De Wild.) R.Wilczek & G.M.Schulze is often grown as an ornamental plant, used to decorate gardens and indoor spaces. The plant is also used in traditional African medicine, particularly in Uganda, where the leaves and stems are used to treat colds and coughs. In Rwanda, the crushed leaves are applied to wounds and bruises to promote healing.
Growth Conditions for Impatiens burtonii Hook.f. var. angusti-calcarata (De Wild.) R.Wilczek & G.M.Schulze
Light: Impatiens burtonii var. angusti-calcarata grows well in shaded areas with dappled sunlight. Direct sunlight for extended periods can cause leaf scorching.
Temperature: The plant thrives in moderate temperatures ranging from 18-25 degrees Celsius. It cannot withstand extreme heat or cold and must be protected accordingly.
Soil: The plant prefers well-draining, slightly acidic soil with good organic content. It cannot tolerate waterlogged conditions but requires consistent moisture in the soil. Adding compost or peat moss to the soil mix can improve soil quality.
Fertilizer: Regular application of a balanced fertilizer is necessary for promoting healthy growth. A slow-release fertilizer is recommended as it will provide a continuous supply of nutrients over time.
Water: Impatiens burtonii var. angusti-calcarata requires moist soil but not waterlogged conditions. Watering must be consistent but not excessive to prevent root rot. Watering once or twice a week, depending on the weather conditions, is enough to maintain the plant's health.
Humidity: The plant prefers a humid environment, and misting the leaves regularly can help to raise humidity levels. However, excessive humidity can cause fungal diseases, so care must be taken to maintain the optimum level of humidity.
Propagation: The plant can be propagated by taking stem cuttings or by sowing seeds. Cuttings must be taken from healthy plants, and rooting hormone can be applied to the cuttings to promote root growth. Seeds must be sown in well-draining soil, and the soil must be kept moist until germination.
Cultivation
Impatiens burtonii Hook.f. var. angusti-calcarata (De Wild.) R.Wilczek & G.M.Schulze can be cultivated in both indoor and outdoor environments. They require well-draining soil, rich in organic matter, and a partially shaded location. These plants thrive in warm temperatures between 60 to 75°F (15 to 24°C).
Watering Needs
It is crucial to keep the soil of Impatiens burtonii Hook.f. var. angusti-calcarata (De Wild.) R.Wilczek & G.M.Schulze consistently moist. Regular watering is necessary, especially during hot and dry weather. However, it's essential to avoid overwatering, which can lead to root rot.
Fertilization
Impatiens burtonii Hook.f. var. angusti-calcarata (De Wild.) R.Wilczek & G.M.Schulze benefit from regular fertilization during the growing season. Using a balanced water-soluble fertilizer every two to four weeks can provide the necessary nutrients for healthy growth and flowering. However, it's essential not to over-fertilize, as this can result in soft and leggy growth.
Pruning
Pruning can shape and direct the growth of Impatiens burtonii Hook.f. var. angusti-calcarata (De Wild.) R.Wilczek & G.M.Schulze. Removing any dead or damaged parts of the plant will keep it looking healthy and tidy. Pinching back the tips of the stems can encourage branching and create a fuller appearance. Regular deadheading of the flowers can promote more blooms throughout the growing season.
Propagation of Impatiens burtonii Hook.f. var. angusti-calcarata (De Wild.) R.Wilczek & G.M.Schulze
Impatiens burtonii Hook.f. var. angusti-calcarata (De Wild.) R.Wilczek & G.M.Schulze can be propagated through various methods:
Seed Propagation
The most common and easiest way to propagate Impatiens burtonii Hook.f. var. angusti-calcarata (De Wild.) R.Wilczek & G.M.Schulze is through seeds. The seeds are sown in well-drained soil and kept moist until germination. Germination usually occurs within 2-3 weeks.
Cuttings
Impatiens burtonii Hook.f. var. angusti-calcarata (De Wild.) R.Wilczek & G.M.Schulze can also be propagated through stem cuttings. The cuttings should be taken from healthy plants and placed in a rooting hormone before planting in well-draining soil. The plants should be kept in a humid environment until they have rooted.
Division
Impatiens burtonii Hook.f. var. angusti-calcarata (De Wild.) R.Wilczek & G.M.Schulze can also be propagated through division. The plant should be dug up carefully and divided into sections. Each section should have a healthy root system and should be replanted immediately in well-draining soil.
Overall, Impatiens burtonii Hook.f. var. angusti-calcarata (De Wild.) R.Wilczek & G.M.Schulze can be easily propagated through seeds, cuttings or division.
Disease Management
Impatiens burtonii Hook.f. var. angusti-calcarata (De Wild.) R.Wilczek & G.M.Schulze is susceptible to various diseases, which can cause significant harm if left uncontrolled. Here are some common diseases and how to manage them:
Fungal diseases
Fungal diseases like impatiens downy mildew and powdery mildew can cause leaf drop, wilting, and flower abortion in Impatiens burtonii. Implementing cultural practices such as proper sanitation and good air circulation can lower the risk of fungal diseases. Avoid overhead watering as this can promote the spread of fungal spores. If infection occurs, it is best to remove and destroy infected plants.
Bacterial wilt
Bacterial wilt can cause yellowing leaves, wilting, and stem discoloration in Impatiens burtonii. To prevent bacterial wilt, avoid overwatering and overcrowding of plants, and use sterilized soil for planting. If the plant is infected, remove and destroy infected plants to prevent further spread of the bacteria.
Pest Management
Several pests can cause damage to Impatiens burtonii. Here are some common pests and how to manage them:
Thrips
Thrips are tiny, slender, winged insects that can cause distorted or discolored leaves and flowers. Natural predators such as ladybugs and lacewings can help control thrips populations. You can also use insecticidal soap or neem oil to manage thrips.
Spider mites
Spider mites are tiny pests that can cause leaf stippling and discoloration. They thrive in hot and dry conditions, so ensuring adequate humidity levels can help prevent infestations. You can use insecticidal soap or neem oil to manage spider mites.
Aphids
Aphids are small, pear-shaped insects that can cause distorted growth and yellowing of leaves. Natural predators such as ladybugs, lacewings, and parasitic wasps can help control aphids. You can also use insecticidal soap or neem oil to manage aphids.
