Origin
Hydnora johannis Becc. forma gigantea is a parasitic plant that belongs to the Hydnoraceae family. It is native to South Africa, primarily found in arid regions such as the Kalahari Desert.
Common Names
The plant is commonly known as the 'giant hydnora,' or 'king star'.
Uses
The Hydnora johannis Becc. forma gigantea plant is not commonly used for medicinal or culinary purposes. However, in some traditional African cultures, the roots of the plant are used as a remedy for various ailments such as stomach aches and fever. Additionally, the plant is sought after for its rare and unique appearance, making it a popular ornamental plant among collectors.
General Appearance
The Hydnora johannis Becc. forma gigantea plant has a distinct, almost alien-like appearance. It consists of a fleshy, underground structure that forms a large, spherical shape. The plant is entirely parasitic, deriving all its nutrients from the roots of other plants. The inflorescence of the plant protrudes from the ground and blooms above the surface. The flower is large, and bell-shaped, ranging in colors from cream to brown to purple. Inside the flower are several lobes that contain a pungent smelling nectar, which attract pollinating insects such as carrion beetles. The fruit of the plant is also unique, consisting of a round woody capsule filled with numerous small hard seeds, which are dispersed by small mammals and insects.
Light Requirements
The Hydnora johannis Becc. forma gigantea grows best in partially shaded areas, in order to avoid direct sunlight. Although it prefers filtered light, it can also tolerate low light conditions. As a result, it is a great plant to grow indoors.
Temperature Requirements
This plant is native to the tropical regions of Africa. As a result, it prefers warm temperatures to survive. A temperature range between 20°C and 30°C is optimal for growth. It cannot tolerate cold weather and hence should not be grown in areas with temperatures below 10°C.
Soil Requirements
The Hydnora johannis Becc. forma gigantea grows best in well-draining, fertile soil with a slightly acidic pH range between 5.5 and 6.5. It requires soil that is rich in nutrients, with good organic content. If the soil is heavy, such as clay-rich soil, mixing it with sand or perlite is recommended to make it more porous. It is also essential to ensure that the soil does not dry out completely; it should retain moisture to keep the plant nourished.
Cultivation Methods
Hydnora johannis Becc. forma gigantea is a rare plant that is native to southern Africa. It is a parasitic plant, so cultivating it can be challenging. It is best grown in a greenhouse or indoor environment since it requires very specific growing conditions.
The plant prefers a well-draining soil mix that is rich in organic matter, and a location that receives full to partial shade. The temperature should be steady, and in the range of 20-30°C.
Watering Needs
The watering needs of Hydnora johannis Becc. forma gigantea are unique. Since it is a parasitic plant that obtains its nutrients from a host, it does not require frequent watering. Overwatering can lead to root rot and the eventual death of the plant.
During the active growing period, which is in spring and summer, water the plant once every two to three weeks. In the dormant period, in autumn and winter, water the plant sparingly, once every four to six weeks.
Fertilization
As a parasitic plant, Hydnora johannis Becc. forma gigantea does not require fertilization. It obtains its nutrients from the host plant it is parasitizing. Over-fertilizing the plant can result in overgrowth and stunted appearance.
Pruning
Pruning of Hydnora johannis Becc. forma gigantea is not necessary. Since it is a parasitic plant, it does not require much maintenance. However, if there are dead or diseased parts of the plant, they should be removed with a sterile pair of pruners to prevent the spread of disease.
It is essential to wear gloves while pruning as Hydnora johannis Becc. forma gigantea has a strong and unpleasant odor.
Propagation Methods for Hydnora johannis Becc. forma gigantea
Hydnora johannis Becc. forma gigantea is an exotic plant species that belongs to the Hydnoraceae family. This plant is a parasitic species that grows on the roots of other plants, mainly Euphorbia plants. Propagating Hydnora johannis Becc. forma gigantea can be challenging due to its parasitic nature. However, there are several methods to propagate this plant:
Seed Propagation
Seed propagation is the easiest method to propagate Hydnora johannis Becc. forma gigantea. Collect matured seeds from the plant and sow them in pots. The seeds require a well-draining soil and a slightly acidic environment to germinate correctly. Keep the soil moist and warm, and the seeds should germinate within two months. Once the seedlings reach a significant size, transplant them into their permanent pot or into the ground.
Division Method
The division method of propagation is another effective way to propagate Hydnora johannis Becc. forma gigantea. This method involves dividing the matured plant into two or more sections. Use a sharp, sterile knife to cut the plant, making sure each section has sufficient roots. Replant the divided sections in separate pots with a well-draining soil mixture. Keep the soil moist and away from direct sunlight. The divided plants should start growing in a few weeks.
Planting with Host Trees
Hydnora johannis Becc. forma gigantea can also be propagated by planting it along with its host trees, mainly the Euphorbia tree species. The host tree acts as a support system for the plant and provides it with the essential nutrients. Plant the Hydnora johannis Becc. forma gigantea near the roots of the host tree, and it will germinate naturally.
In conclusion, Hydnora johannis Becc. forma gigantea is an exotic plant that can be challenging to propagate. However, with the right methods such as seed propagation, division method, and planting with host trees, this plant can be successfully propagated.
Disease Management of Hydnora johannis Becc. forma gigantea
The Hydnora johannis Becc. forma gigantea is a parasitic plant that mainly relies on the host for its nutrients. It's relatively resistant to diseases, but it's not entirely immune to pests and infections. Some of the disorders that affect the plant include:
- Fungal leaf spot diseases: These are characterized by dark spots on the leaves. They are caused by the fungus Mycosphaerella spp. They can be managed by pruning of affected leaves and spraying with fungicides such as sulfur or copper-based products.
- Crown and root rot: This disease is caused by various fungi such as Fusarium spp and Phtophtohpora palmivora. Symptoms include wilting of leaves and stunted growth. The disease can be managed by crop rotation, proper drainage, and soil solarization.
- Viruses: Hydnora johannis can also be infected by viral diseases such as Cucumber mosaic virus and Hydnora yellow vein virus, which can cause yellowing of leaves and poor growth. There is no cure for viral diseases, and the plants should be destroyed.
Pest Management of Hydnora johannis Becc. forma gigantea
There are few pests that affect the Hydnora johannis, but they can still cause significant damage. They include:
- Nematodes: These are soil-borne pests that attack the roots, causing stunted growth and yellowing of leaves. They can be managed by soil sterilization, crop rotation, and use of nematicides such as fenamiphos and fosthiazate.
- Mealybugs: These are small, white, cottony pests that feed on plant sap, causing wilting and yellowing of leaves. They can be controlled by removing affected leaves and spraying with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
- Stem borers: These are pests that bore into the plant's stems, causing severe damage. They can be prevented by practicing clean cultivation, pruning off affected parts and spraying with insecticides such as carbaryl.
Proper cultural practices such as planting in well-draining soil and proper watering can help improve the plant's vitality and resistance to pests and diseases. Additionally, inspecting the plants regularly and promptly addressing any issues can help prevent significant damage.
