Description
Helichrysum stuhlmannii O.Hoffm. var. ducis-aprutii (Chiov.) Moeser is a wild-growing shrub that belongs to the Asteraceae family. The plant is also commonly known as Duke of Abruzzi's everlasting or Duke of Abruzzi's helichrysum.
Origin
The plant is endemic to East Africa, specifically found in the high altitudes of Mount Kenya, Mount Kilimanjaro, and the Aberdare Ranges. It prefers well-drained soils and is commonly found growing on rocky slopes and crevices at elevations between 2000 and 4000 meters.
General Appearance
Duke of Abruzzi's everlasting is a small to medium-sized plant that reaches heights of up to 70 cm. It has a woody stem with numerous branches and small, compact, silver-grey leaves which are covered with silky hairs.
The plant produces small, yellow flowers in round heads, which are then arranged in a flat or rounded inflorescence at the end of the branchlets. The flowers are arranged in a way that they appear as if they are just a single flower head. The flowers bloom from May to September.
Uses
Helichrysum stuhlmannii O.Hoffm. var. ducis-aprutii (Chiov.) Moeser is used in traditional medicine for treating various ailments such as coughs, colds, and respiratory infections. It is also used in the preparation of herbal teas and is believed to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
In addition, the plant is ornamental and is grown as a garden plant in many parts of the world. Its beautiful golden-yellow flowers make it a favorite among gardeners and flower enthusiasts.
Light Requirements
Helichrysum stuhlmannii var. ducis-aprutii typically grows best in full sun to partial shade. It needs at least six hours of sunlight per day to thrive. However, in extremely hot climates, partial shade may be beneficial to help protect the plant from the harsh sun and prevent drying out.
Temperature Requirements
The plant grows best in warm temperatures ranging between 20-25 degrees Celsius. It can tolerate cooler temperatures but cannot withstand frost. Therefore, the plant should be grown in areas where frost is not common. Average temperatures of 15-18 degrees Celsius could also be fine for the plant to grow.
Soil Requirements
Helichrysum stuhlmannii var. ducis-aprutii requires well-draining soil. It is well-suited for soils with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.0. The soil should be rich in nutrients that promote healthy growth. A fertile and loamy soil type with good aeration is ideal for the plant. If the soil is clayey, adding perlite, sand or organic matter can improve its texture and drainage.
Cultivation methods:
Helichrysum stuhlmannii O.Hoffm. var. ducis-aprutii (Chiov.) Moeser is a plant that thrives in well-drained soil, preferably one that is slightly alkaline. To cultivate this plant species, you need to plant it in a sunny spot with at least six hours of direct sunlight daily. When planting, ensure that the spacing is approximately 18 inches apart to avoid the plants from competing for space and nutrients.
Watering needs:
Water the plant regularly, providing it with enough water to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. During the hot and dry seasons, increase the frequency of watering. Helichrysum stuhlmannii O.Hoffm. var. ducis-aprutii (Chiov.) Moeser requires at least one inch of water every week, and you should avoid letting the soil dry out completely.
Fertilization:
Fertilize the plant regularly to provide it with nutrients to support its growth. Use slow-release fertilizer during planting, and follow up with feeding every two weeks using a water-soluble fertilizer. You can also add organic matter to the soil, such as compost and animal manure, which improves soil fertility and texture.
Pruning:
Pruning is essential to maintain the plant's compact shape and encourage bushier growth. It also helps in controlling the plant's size, removing dead flowers, and preventing the plant from becoming leggy. You can carry out light pruning throughout the growing season, removing about an inch of growth from the tips. Additionally, a hard pruning is recommended, cutting back the plant by half its height, carried out once every two to three years.
Propagation of Helichrysum stuhlmannii O.Hoffm. var. ducis-aprutii (Chiov.) Moeser
Helichrysum stuhlmannii O.Hoffm. var. ducis-aprutii (Chiov.) Moeser can be propagated through different methods. The plant can be propagated by seeds, cuttings or division.
Propagation by Seeds
The seeds of Helichrysum stuhlmannii O.Hoffm. var. ducis-aprutii (Chiov.) Moeser can be sown indoors or outdoors. The seeds are very small and should be sown on the surface of the soil. It is recommended to mix the seeds with sand to get an even distribution. The best time to sow the seeds is in spring or early summer. The seeds should be kept moist and warm, and they usually germinate within 2-3 weeks.
Propagation by Cuttings
Helichrysum stuhlmannii O.Hoffm. var. ducis-aprutii (Chiov.) Moeser can also be propagated by cuttings. The best time to take cuttings is in the spring or early summer. Take cuttings that are 5-10 cm long and remove the lower leaves. Dip the cuttings in rooting hormone and plant them in moist soil or sand. Cover the cuttings with a plastic bag or a propagator to keep humidity high. The cuttings should root within 2-3 weeks.
Propagation by Division
Helichrysum stuhlmannii O.Hoffm. var. ducis-aprutii (Chiov.) Moeser can also be propagated by division. This is done by dividing the plant into smaller sections and replanting them. The best time to do this is in the spring, just as new growth appears. Dig up the plant and carefully pull or cut apart the sections. Replant the sections in a well-prepared soil, and water them well.
Disease Management
Helichrysum stuhlmannii var. ducis-aprutii is susceptible to several diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, and viruses. The common diseases that affect this plant include:
- Botrytis Rot: This disease is caused by the fungus Botrytis cinerea. It causes gray mold on the leaves and flowers, leading to the wilting and death of plant parts. The disease can be controlled by removing the affected plant parts and ensuring proper air circulation to reduce humidity levels.
- Powdery Mildew: This disease is caused by the fungi Erysiphe cichoracearum and Golovinomyces cichoracearum. It causes a powdery white coating on the leaves, stems, and flowers, leading to leaf yellowing and shriveling. The disease can be controlled by improving air circulation and avoiding overhead watering.
- Leaf Spot: Several fungi can cause leaf spot on Helichrysum stuhlmannii var. ducis-aprutii, including Alternaria spp., Phyllosticta spp., and Septoria spp. The disease causes circular brown spots on the leaves, leading to defoliation. The disease can be controlled by removing infected plant parts and applying fungicides.
Pest Management
Several pests can also cause damage to Helichrysum stuhlmannii var. ducis-aprutii. The common pests that affect this plant include:
- Aphids: These are small insects that feed on the sap of plants, causing leaf curling, stunted growth, and deformation. They can be controlled by applying insecticidal soap or neem oil.
- Spider Mites: These are tiny arachnids that feed on plant sap, causing leaf yellowing and stippling. They can be controlled by spraying the plant with water to increase humidity levels, applying insecticidal soap, or neem oil.
- Thrips: These are small insects that feed on plant sap, causing leaf and flower discoloration, distortion, and deformation. They can be controlled by applying insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Regular monitoring of the plant for signs of disease and pests can help detect problems early and prevent their spread. Cultural practices, such as proper watering and fertilization, can also help to minimize the occurrence of disease and pests.
