Origin and common names
Helichrysum hochstetteri (Sch.Bip. ex A.Rich.) Hook.f. var. scabrum Moeser, commonly known as the rough everlasting or rough strawflower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to South Africa, specifically in the Western and Eastern Cape provinces.Description
The rough everlasting is a perennial herb that grows up to 1m tall. It has tough, woody stems that are covered in fine white hairs, giving it a rough texture. The leaves are narrow, elongated and hairy with a greyish-green color. The plant produces yellow, daisy-like flowers that are arranged in clusters at the top of the stems from late spring to early summer.Uses
In traditional medicine, the rough everlasting is used to treat a variety of ailments, such as colds, stomach issues, and skin problems such as rashes and burns. The plant also has anti-inflammatory properties and is used to reduce pain and fever. In addition to its medicinal uses, the rough everlasting is also used in the horticultural industry. The dried flowers are often used in floral arrangements, particularly for their long-lasting nature, which gives them the name "everlasting".Conclusion
Helichrysum hochstetteri (Sch.Bip. ex A.Rich.) Hook.f. var. scabrum Moeser is a unique and versatile plant that has both medicinal and horticultural uses. Its tough, woody stems and yellow flowers make it a popular choice in floral arrangements, while its medicinal properties make it a valuable plant in traditional medicine.Light Requirements
Helichrysum hochstetteri var. scabrum prefers a lot of sunlight and thrives best in a location with full sun exposure. The plant can endure partial shade, but a minimum of six hours of direct sunlight is necessary for healthy growth.
Temperature Conditions
This plant variety prefers warm temperatures. A temperature range of 20°C to 30°C suits the plant’s growth the best. It cannot withstand prolonged exposure to frost or extremely cold temperatures; therefore, it is essential to protect the plant in cold weather regions.
Soil Requirements
Well-drained and slightly acidic soil suits Helichrysum hochstetteri var. scabrum. However, it can also grow in soils with neutral pH levels. The soil must be rich in nutrients and have good water retention capacity. Avoid water-logged soil to prevent root rot and other diseases.
Cultivation methods for Helichrysum hochstetteri var. scabrum
Helichrysum hochstetteri var. scabrum is native to rocky outcrops and cliffs in Tanzania and Kenya. It requires well-draining soil that is rich in nutrients. The plant requires full sun to partial shade and should be planted in an area with good air circulation.
When planting seedlings or propagated plants, it is essential to ensure that the roots are not damaged. The plant should be watered immediately after planting, and mulch should be applied around the base to help retain moisture.
Watering needs for Helichrysum hochstetteri var. scabrum
Helichrysum hochstetteri var. scabrum does not tolerate waterlogging and can be susceptible to root rot if the soil is overly wet. However, the plant requires regular watering, especially during the growing season.
It is best to water the plant when the top inch of soil has dried out. Avoid wetting the leaves as this can cause foliage diseases. Water the plant at the base and avoid sprinkling water on the foliage.
Fertilization for Helichrysum hochstetteri var. scabrum
Helichrysum hochstetteri var. scabrum requires regular fertilization to encourage healthy growth and flower production. A balanced fertilizer with equal parts nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium can be applied every four to six weeks during the growing season.
If planting in poor soil, it may be necessary to amend the soil with organic matter, such as compost, before planting. This will help provide the plant with the necessary nutrients required for growth.
Pruning requirements for Helichrysum hochstetteri var. scabrum
Helichrysum hochstetteri var. scabrum does not require regular pruning; however, occasional pruning can help encourage new growth and keep the plant tidy.
Deadhead spent flowers regularly to encourage the development of new flowers. Prune back any dead or damaged foliage throughout the growing season, cutting back to healthy growth.
In the winter months, the plant may experience some dieback. Prune back the dead foliage in the early spring to encourage new growth.
Propagation of Helichrysum hochstetteri var. scabrum
Helichrysum hochstetteri var. scabrum can be propagated through both seed and vegetative methods.
Seed Propagation
The seeds of Helichrysum hochstetteri var. scabrum can be sown directly into well-draining soil or seedling trays filled with a mixture of peat and perlite. The seeds should be lightly covered with soil and kept moist. Germination occurs within a week to a few months depending on the planting conditions.
Once the seedlings have grown to a certain size, they can be transplanted to individual pots or to their permanent location in the garden.
Vegetative Propagation
Helichrysum hochstetteri var. scabrum can also be propagated vegetatively through stem cuttings. The best time to take cuttings is in the spring or early summer.
Choose a healthy stem and make a clean-cut just below a node. Remove the lower leaves and cut the remaining leaves in half to reduce transpiration. Dip the cut end of the stem into rooting hormone and plant it into a well-draining potting mix. Keep the soil moist and place the cutting in a brightly lit area, but out of direct sunlight.
Roots should develop in a few weeks to a few months. Once roots have formed, the new plant can be transplanted to its permanent location in the garden.
Disease Management
Helichrysum hochstetteri var. scabrum Moeser is a relatively hardy plant that can suffer from certain diseases, including:
- Root rot: This is a fungal disease that affects the roots and can cause wilting, stunted growth, and yellowing of leaves. To manage this disease, avoid overwatering, improve soil drainage, and remove infected plants.
- Leaf spot: This is a fungal disease that causes brown spots on the leaves, which can spread and cause leaf drop. To manage this disease, remove infected leaves, ensure good air circulation, avoid overhead watering, and consider using fungicides.
- Powdery mildew: This is a fungal disease that causes a white powdery substance to appear on the leaves, which can affect photosynthesis and growth. To manage this disease, avoid overhead watering, improve air circulation, remove infected leaves, and consider using fungicides.
Pest Management
Helichrysum hochstetteri var. scabrum Moeser can also be susceptible to various pests, including:
- Aphids: These are small, soft-bodied insects that can pierce the leaves and suck sap, which can stunt growth and cause yellowing of leaves. To manage this pest, consider using insecticidal soaps, neem oil, or attracting natural predators like ladybugs.
- Spider mites: These are tiny arachnids that can cause yellow stippling on leaves and webs on plants. To manage this pest, improve humidity, remove dry leaves, and consider using insecticidal soaps or neem oil.
- Caterpillars: These are larvae of butterflies or moths that can eat the leaves and cause severe damage. To manage this pest, consider picking off the caterpillars by hand, using Bacillus thuringiensis (a natural bacterial insecticide), or attracting natural predators like birds.
