Origin
Hedysarum alpinum L. var. philoscia (A. Nels.) Rollins is a plant species from the family Fabaceae. This species is native to North America and is found in alpine regions of the Rocky Mountains, specifically in western Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Common Names
The common names for Hedysarum alpinum L. var. philoscia include sweetvetch, alpine sweetvetch, and wild sweetvetch. These names are commonly used in the western regions of the United States where the plant is found.
Uses
Hedysarum alpinum L. var. philoscia is a highly valued forage plant for livestock in its native range. The plant is especially useful to livestock in the winter when other forages are less available. Aside from its use as a forage, Hedysarum alpinum L. var. philoscia has been used by indigenous people for medicinal purposes. The roots of the plant are boiled and the resulting liquid used to treat sore throats, stomachaches, and other minor ailments.
General Appearance
Hedysarum alpinum L. var. philoscia is a herbaceous perennial that grows 30 to 60 centimeters tall. The plant has an erect stem that is covered with fine hairs. The leaves are pinnately compound, consisting of 11 to 23 lance-shaped leaflets. The flowers, which bloom in early summer, are pink to purplish in color and arranged in a spike-like inflorescence. The fruits are brown, flattened pods that contain 1 to 4 seeds.
Light Requirements
Hedysarum alpinum var. philoscia typically grows in a variety of light conditions ranging from full sun to partial shade. It is known to adapt well to changing light conditions, making it a hardy plant suitable for a wide range of environments. In areas with low light, the plant may exhibit slower growth, while those grown in bright sunlight may produce fuller foliage.
Temperature Requirements
Hedysarum alpinum var. philoscia thrives in colder temperatures typically found in alpine environments. Temperatures ranging from 50-70°F (10-21°C) provide optimal growing conditions. The plant is hardy and can withstand temperatures as low as -20°F (-28°C) when properly established.
Soil Requirements
The soil requirements for Hedysarum alpinum var. philoscia include well-draining soil with a pH range of 5.0-6.5. The plant can tolerate a range of soil types, including sandy or rocky soils common in alpine regions. The addition of organic material, such as compost, can help improve soil structure and nutrient availability.
Cultivation Methods for Hedysarum alpinum L. var. philoscia
The Hedysarum alpinum L. var. philoscia is a hardy plant that prefers to grow in well-drained soils with a pH of 6-7.5. It is a cold-tolerant plant that does well in alpine regions. When cultivating this plant, ensure that it gets enough sunlight, preferably six hours or more a day. It is best to sow the seeds in early spring as soon as the soil is workable.
Watering Needs for Hedysarum alpinum L. var. philoscia
Watering is an essential part of cultivating Hedysarum alpinum L. var. philoscia. This plant does well in evenly moist soil, but it is important not to overwater. Overwatering can cause the plant to rot. The frequency of watering the plant depends on the climate and soil type. In general, the plant needs watering every 5 to 7 days, but this can vary depending on the weather conditions. It is important to check the soil's moisture level regularly to avoid over or under-watering
Fertilization of Hedysarum alpinum L. var. philoscia
Fertilization is an essential part of cultivating this plant. In general, a balanced fertilizer can be added to the soil in the early spring. However, it is important to be careful not to over-fertilize as over-fertilization can harm the plant. It is best to use organic fertilizers that are slow-release as they provide nutrients to the plant over an extended period. Additionally, it is important to test the soil to understand the nutrient needs of the plant and add fertilizers accordingly.
Pruning Hedysarum alpinum L. var. philoscia
Pruning is not necessary for Hedysarum alpinum L. var. philoscia as it is a low-maintenance plant. However, deadheading of the plant can be done to encourage the growth of new flowers. Deadheading involves removing the fading flowers to promote new growth. Additionally, if the plant starts spreading too much, it is possible to cut portions of it to curb its growth. If the plant is encroaching on other plants or the pathway, it is best to prune it back to maintain the garden's aesthetic appeal.
Propagation of Hedysarum alpinum L. var. philoscia (A. Nels.) Rollins
Hedysarum alpinum L. var. philoscia (A. Nels.) Rollins can be propagated through both seed and vegetative methods. It is important to note that propagating through seed is the most common and successful method.
Seed Propagation
Seed propagation for Hedysarum alpinum L. var. philoscia (A. Nels.) Rollins requires stratifying the seeds for a certain period, which can vary from 30-90 days depending on the species.
After stratification, sow the seeds in a well-draining medium at a depth of 2-3 times their size. Water the seeds frequently ensuring they stay moist and maintain temperatures of approximately 15°C to 20°C until they germinate.
Vegetative Propagation
Although less common, this plant can be propagated through stem cuttings, which involves taking a stem cutting from the plant and allowing it to take root in a growing medium. However, this method is often more difficult and less reliable than seed propagation and should only be attempted by experienced gardeners or horticulturists.
Disease Management
Hedysarum alpinum L. var. philoscia is relatively resistant to most diseases, but some common fungal diseases may affect its growth and development. Here are some of the common diseases that may affect the plant and ways to manage them:
- Anthracnose: This fungal disease causes tan to brown lesions on the leaves, stems, and pods of the plant. To manage this disease, remove and destroy infected plant debris, use clean seeds, and plant in well-drained soil.
- Powdery mildew: This fungal disease manifests as powdery white spots on the leaves and may lead to decreased growth and yield. To manage this disease, increase air flow around the plant, avoid overhead watering, and apply fungicide if necessary.
Pest Management
Hedysarum alpinum L. var. philoscia is relatively resistant to most pests, but some common pests may affect its growth and development. Here are some of the common pests that may affect the plant and ways to manage them:
- Aphids: These small, soft-bodied insects suck sap from the plant and may transmit viruses. To manage this pest, use insecticidal soap, increase natural predators like ladybugs, and remove heavily infested plant parts.
- Cutworms: These caterpillars may cut the stems of the plant and cause wilting and death. To manage this pest, handpick and destroy them, use sticky bands around the base of the plant, and apply Bacillus thuringiensis insecticide.
