Origin
Haemanthus pubescens L.f. subsp. pubescens, also known as the hairy blood lily, is a species of flowering herb in the Amaryllidaceae family native to South Africa and Zimbabwe.
Common Names
Aside from its scientific name, the plant is commonly known as the hairy blood lily, bontrokkie, and keiteiba.
Uses
Haemanthus pubescens L.f. subsp. pubescens is primarily used for ornamental purposes. Its large, showy, crimson flowers are the main attraction, making it a popular plant for gardens and landscapes. Its bulb is also known for its medicinal properties and is used in some traditional medicines in South Africa.
General Appearance
Haemanthus pubescens L.f. subsp. pubescens is a bulbous plant that grows up to 45 cm in height. It has a single, broad, and leathery leaf that grows up to 45 cm long and 20 cm wide. The leaf is usually present during the flowering stage, then withers away. The flowers are produced in an umbel, which can contain up to 30 flowers. Each flower has six pointed petals that are bright red in color and measure up to 10 cm in diameter. The plant's bulb is large, reaching up to 10 cm in diameter, and is covered in a brown, papery skin. The plant typically blooms in late summer to early fall.
Growth conditions of Haemanthus pubescens L.f. subsp. pubescens
Haemanthus pubescens L.f. subsp. pubescens is a South African plant species that belongs to the Amaryllidaceae family. This evergreen perennial plant is typically found growing in shaded areas such as under the trees or shrubs in forests, rocky areas, and along riverbanks in its native range.
Light conditions
Haemanthus pubescens requires partial shade to full shade for optimal growth. It can tolerate some direct sunlight in the morning or evening but should be protected from the harsh midday sun.
Soil requirements
The plant prefers well-drained, rich soil that is slightly acidic with a pH range of 5.5 to 6.5. It can tolerate a range of soil types, including sandy, loamy, and clay soils. However, it cannot thrive in waterlogged or heavy clay soils.
Temperature
Haemanthus pubescens prefers a cool to moderate climate and can tolerate a wide range of temperatures. The ideal temperature range for growth is between 12°C and 25°C. It can tolerate occasional frost but cannot survive prolonged exposure to freezing temperatures.
Humidity
The plant prefers a humid environment, but it can tolerate moderate levels of drought. It is essential to water the plant regularly to keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged.
Fertilizer
Haemanthus pubescens is a heavy feeder and requires regular fertilization to promote healthy growth and flowering. Apply a balanced fertilizer with a N-P-K ratio of 10-10-10 or 14-14-14 every four to six weeks during the growing season.
Overall, providing the correct light conditions, soil requirements, temperature, humidity, and fertilization can help promote the healthy growth of Haemanthus pubescens L.f. subsp. pubescens.Cultivation
Haemanthus pubescens L.f. subsp. pubescens is a bulbous plant that prefers light shade to full shade. It can be grown in containers or in the ground as long as the soil is well-draining. The bulbs should be planted with the neck just above the soil line and spaced about 6-8 inches apart. This plant is best grown in areas with mild temperatures ranging from 55-70°F (13-21°C).
Watering
As with most plants, this species requires moderate watering. During the growing season, water the plant regularly but do not allow the soil to become waterlogged. During the dormant season, the plant will require less water, and it's essential to reduce watering and watch for signs of dehydration.
Fertilization
Haemanthus pubescens L.f. subsp. pubescens is not a heavy feeder, so when fertilizing, apply a balanced fertilizer sparingly. Begin fertilizing the plant in spring, before the growth period starts, and apply it once a month until the plant's flowering season is over. This type of plant can benefit from organic fertilizers and compost added to the soil surface annually.
Pruning
Pruning is not strictly required for this plant, but yellowed leaves and dead flower stalks should be removed to prevent pests and diseases from spreading. After blooming has ceased, the flower stalk can be cut to the ground. Trimming the plant and cleaning the soil surface can help prepare it for its future growth cycle.
Propagation of Haemanthus pubescens L.f. subsp. pubescens
Haemanthus pubescens L.f. subsp. pubescens can be propagated through different methods. Some of the most common ways to propagate this plant are:
Division
Division is the most popular method to propagate H. pubescens. It involves taking the plant and dividing it into smaller sections. Each section must have some bulbs and leaves to develop into a new plant. Division should be carried out during the dormant season in the spring or fall.
Seed sowing
Haemanthus pubescens can be grown from seed, but it is not a preferred method as it takes a long time and can be tricky. Seeds should be sown during the warm months of spring and summer. A well-draining soil mixture is recommended for the seeds to germinate.
Bulb offsets
Haemanthus pubescens produces small bulb offsets, and these can be removed to form new plants. When removing bulb offsets, care should be taken not to damage the parent bulb. The bulb offset can then be planted in a well-draining mixture in a separate pot.
Tissue culture
Tissue culture is a complex but effective method to produce a large number of identical plants. This method involves taking a small piece of plant tissue and placing it in a nutrient-rich medium to encourage it to grow. H. pubescens bulbs can be used for this process. Once the tissue has grown, it can be transferred into a separate pot and grown until mature.
Disease Management for Haemanthus pubescens L.f. subsp. pubescens
Haemanthus pubescens L.f. subsp. pubescens is generally not affected by many diseases. However, it may fall prey to some fungal and bacterial infections if not properly cared for. Here are some common diseases that may affect the plant and how to manage them:
1. Leaf spot
Leaf spot is a fungal infection that causes brown or black spots on the leaves. To manage this disease, remove the infected leaves and discard them. Avoid watering the plant from above and instead water at the base of the plant. Apply a fungicide to prevent the spread of the disease.
2. Root rot
Root rot is caused by the soil-borne fungus Phytophthora and is characterized by the decay of the plant roots. To manage this disease, avoid overwatering the plant and ensure adequate drainage. Discard infected plants and do not replant them in the same area. Apply a fungicide to prevent the spread of the disease.
Pest Management for Haemanthus pubescens L.f. subsp. pubescens
Haemanthus pubescens L.f. subsp. pubescens is not commonly affected by pests. However, it can be attacked by mealybugs and spider mites. Here are some ways to manage these pests:
1. Mealybugs
Mealybugs are small, white insects that suck the sap from the plant, causing damage to the leaves and stems. To manage this pest, wipe the leaves and stems with a cotton swab dipped in alcohol. Repeat this process a few times until all the mealybugs are removed.
2. Spider mites
Spider mites are tiny insects that feed on the plant's sap, causing yellowing and browning of the leaves. To manage this pest, spray the plant with a jet of water to dislodge the mites. Apply insecticidal soap or neem oil to kill the remaining mites.
