Origin and Common Names
Hackelia nervosa is a species of flowering plant that belongs to the Boraginaceae family. It is native to western North America, particularly in the states of California, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. The plant is commonly known as Kellogg's stickseed or sticky forget-me-not.
Appearance
Hackelia nervosa is a biennial or short-lived perennial herb that grows up to 1 meter tall. It has a taproot and a branching stem that is covered in bristly hairs. Its leaves are hairy and lance-shaped, measuring 3-17 cm long and 0.5-2 cm wide. The plant's flowers are borne on a coiled inflorescence, with each bloom measuring 4-8 mm wide. The petals are blue, and the stamens and style protrude slightly from the flower.
Uses
In Native American traditional medicine, the plant was used to treat minor ailments like colds, coughs, and fevers. Its leaves were also used externally as a poultice to alleviate skin irritations and minor wounds. Today, Hackelia nervosa is mostly grown as an ornamental plant for its attractive blue flowers and its ability to attract pollinators like bees and butterflies. The plant is also known for its ability to self-sow, making it a good choice for wildflower gardens and naturalistic landscapes.
Light Requirements
Hackelia nervosa typically grows in areas with partial to full shade. This indicates that the plant can tolerate limited amounts of direct sunlight but performs best when given moderate to low levels of light. In areas with high sunlight, the plant may experience stunted growth or wilted leaves. Therefore, planting this species in shaded areas is recommended for optimal growth.
Temperature Requirements
Hackelia nervosa thrives in cool and moist environments. It can grow in areas with temperatures ranging from 10-25°C. However, the species prefers temperatures that are above freezing and below 20°C. The plant may experience reduced growth or fail to survive in areas with extreme heat or cold.
Soil Requirements
The plant prefers well-drained soils with moderate fertility. Hackelia nervosa can grow in a range of soil textures, including loam, sandy, or clay soils. The species can tolerate soils with pH levels ranging from slightly acidic to slightly alkaline. It is also important that the soil remains consistently moist. Dry soils can stress the plant, leading to reduced growth, and eventual death.
Cultivation Methods
Hackelia nervosa, commonly known as Kellogg's stickseed, is a hardy perennial plant that thrives in moist, shaded areas. It can be grown from seed or propagated vegetatively by root division. The plant prefers slightly acidic, well-drained soil rich in organic matter and partial to full shade, although it can adapt to a range of soil and lighting conditions.
If planting from seed, sow the seeds 1/4 inch deep in the soil and keep the soil consistently moist until germination, which typically takes two to four weeks. If propagating from root division, ensure that each section of the root system has a few healthy stems and leaves, and plant in well-prepared soil in a shaded location.
Watering Needs
Hackelia nervosa prefers consistently moist soil but can withstand brief periods of drought once established. Water the plant deeply once a week or more frequently during hot, dry periods. Avoid wetting the foliage excessively to prevent the development of fungal diseases and root rot.
Fertilization
Although not necessary, fertilizing Hackelia nervosa with a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in the spring can promote healthy growth and flowering. Fertilize at a rate of approximately one tablespoon of fertilizer per square foot of soil, and water thoroughly after application. Avoid over-fertilizing, as this can lead to excessive vegetative growth at the expense of flower production.
Pruning
Pruning is generally not necessary for Hackelia nervosa, as the plant has a naturally compact form and does not typically require shaping. However, if the plant becomes leggy or excessively bushy, pruning back the stems by up to one-third in the late winter or early spring can promote healthy growth and improve the plant's overall appearance.
Propagation of Hackelia nervosa
Hackelia nervosa (Kellogg) I.M. Johnston, commonly known as Kellogg’s stickseed, is a native herbaceous perennial plant in North America. Propagation of this species can be done using different methods, such as seed propagation, vegetative propagation, and division.
Seed Propagation
Seed propagation is the most common method used for Hackelia nervosa. The best time to plant the seeds is during the fall, but they can also be planted in spring or early summer. Seeds need to be stratified for at least 4-8 weeks before planting to stimulate germination. Stratification can be done by placing the seeds in a moist material such as sand or peat moss in a plastic bag and refrigerating between 0-5°C. Once stratified, seeds can be sown in soil and kept moist until germination.
Vegetative Propagation
Hackelia nervosa can also be propagated vegetatively through stem cuttings or root cuttings. Stem cuttings are taken from the plant during the growing season, preferably in early summer. The cuttings should be approximately 3-4 inches long and taken from healthy, disease-free plants. Dip the cuttings in rooting hormone and then plant them in a soilless mix. Keep it moist and warm for rooting to occur. Root cuttings can also be taken in the winter when the plant is dormant. Cut 2-3 inch sections of roots, plant them horizontally in soilless mix and keep them moist and warm until they sprout.
Division
Division is another option for propagating Hackelia nervosa, and it is typically done in early spring or fall. Dig up the entire plant clump and gently divide it into smaller sections, making sure each section has enough roots and green growth. Replant each section in soil, water it well, and keep it moist until established.
Disease and Pest Management for Hackelia nervosa
Hackelia nervosa is a beautiful wildflower that grows in the western United States. While it is generally a hardy and resilient plant, there are a few diseases and pests that can cause problems.
Common Diseases
One of the most common diseases that can affect Hackelia nervosa is powdery mildew. Powdery mildew appears as a white powdery coating on the leaves, stems, and flowers of the plant. To prevent powdery mildew, water the plant at the base and avoid wetting the leaves. If powdery mildew does appear, consider using a fungicide according to the instructions of a local horticulturist.
Common Pests
One of the most common pests that can affect Hackelia nervosa is aphids. These small insects love to feed on the sap of the plant, which can weaken it and make it more susceptible to disease. To prevent aphids, regularly inspect the plant and remove any infested leaves or stems. If the infestation is severe, consider using an insecticide according to the instructions of a local horticulturist.
Another pest that can be a problem for Hackelia nervosa is spider mites. Spider mites are tiny insects that are difficult to see with the naked eye. They feed on the sap of the plant and can cause discoloration and distortion of the leaves. To prevent spider mites, keep the plant well-watered and mist the leaves regularly. If spider mites do appear, consider using an insecticide according to the instructions of a local horticulturist.
Overall, Hackelia nervosa is a resilient and beautiful plant that can thrive in a variety of conditions. By being aware of the common diseases and pests that can affect the plant and taking steps to prevent and manage them, you can help ensure that your Hackelia nervosa remains healthy and vibrant for years to come.
