Overview
Gynura tedliei (Oliv. & Hiern) S.Moore ex Hutch. is a gorgeous plant from the Asteraceae family, known for its dark green leaves that have a velvety texture and contrasting white flowerheads. Popularly known as the Velvet Gynura, this plant is highly valued for its ornamental beauty and has become a favorite among garden enthusiasts.
Origin
Gynura tedliei is indigenous to the tropical regions of East Africa, mainly found in Tanzania and Kenya. This plant thrives in high humidity and warm temperatures, making it a perfect fit for tropical and subtropical climates. It is also grown in other areas, such as the United States, where it is popular as a houseplant.
Common names
The plant is commonly referred to as Velvet Gynura, but it also goes by other local names such as Gynura, Mnavu in Swahili, and Soup Violet in English.
Uses
Gynura tedliei is mainly cultivated as an ornamental plant due to its beautiful foliage. The leaves of the plant are used to add texture and color to flower arrangements and still-life compositions. The plant is also used in traditional medicine in some African countries, where it is believed to have anti-inflammatory properties and is used to treat ear infections, coughing, and other respiratory illnesses. In addition, the leaves are used to flavor soups and stews in some regions, hence the name Soup Violet.
General appearance
The Velvet Gynura has dark green leaves that grow up to 3 inches long by 2 inches wide. The leaves are covered with short, soft, velvety hairs that give them a unique texture and appearance. The flowerheads are small and white, and they grow in clusters at the end of the stem. The plant grows up to 2 feet tall, making it a perfect plant for hanging baskets or as a creeping plant in a mixed container garden. The plant is easy to care for and can thrive in various conditions as long as it receives adequate sunlight, water, and nutrients.
Light Requirements
Gynura tedliei requires bright but indirect light for optimal growth. Direct sunlight can burn the leaves of the plant. Therefore, it is best to place the plant near a north or east-facing window. If grown indoors, fluorescent lights or grow lights can be used to supplement natural light.
Temperature Requirements
Gynura tedliei prefers warm temperatures between 18°C to 25°C (65°F to 80°F). It cannot tolerate temperatures below 13°C (55°F). Therefore, it is best to keep the plant in a warm environment such as a heated greenhouse or indoors in a warm room.
Soil Requirements
The soil for Gynura tedliei should be well-draining and rich in organic matter. A pH range of 5.5 to 6.5 is ideal. It is recommended to use a mixture of peat moss, perlite, and vermiculite for the soil. Ensure that the plant is not overwatered as it can lead to root rot. Let the topsoil dry out between watering.
Cultivation Methods
Gynura tedliei requires a warm, humid environment with bright, indirect sunlight. Therefore, it is best grown indoors in a bright room or in a greenhouse with a temperature range of 60-75°F. The plant grows well in soil mixes designed for tropical plants and it is recommended to repot the plant once every two years. The use of a container with a drainage hole is also necessary to prevent waterlogging.
Watering Needs
The watering needs of Gynura tedliei vary depending on the environment and climate. It is recommended to water the plant moderately during the summer months, ensuring that the top layer of soil is dry before watering again. During the winter months, it is important to reduce the watering frequency, allowing the soil to dry slightly between waterings. Overwatering can lead to root rot, which is detrimental to the health of the plant.
Fertilization
Gynura tedliei benefits from regular fertilization with a balanced liquid fertilizer mixed at half the recommended strength. This should be applied to the plant every 4-6 weeks during the growing season. It is essential to avoid fertilizing the plant during the winter months to prevent over-fertilization and weaken the plant.
Pruning
Regular pruning of Gynura tedliei promotes bushy growth and prevents the plant from becoming too leggy. Prune the stem tips regularly to promote branching and, if necessary, remove any dead or damaged leaves. Although Gynura tedliei is a relatively low maintenance plant, it is important to keep an eye out for any pests or diseases. Any signs of infestation should be treated immediately to prevent the spread and damage to the plant.
Propagation of Gynura tedliei
Gynura tedliei, also known as velvet plant or purple passion vine, is a popular houseplant due to its striking purple leaves and easy care requirements. There are three main methods for propagating Gynura tedliei: stem cuttings, root cuttings, and division.
Stem Cuttings
Stem cuttings are the most common way to propagate Gynura tedliei. Choose a healthy stem with at least three sets of leaves and make a clean cut just below a node with a sharp, sterilized knife. Remove the lower set of leaves and dip the cut end in rooting hormone. Place the cutting in a well-draining potting mix, lightly water, and cover with a plastic bag to create a greenhouse effect. Keep the cutting in a warm, bright spot, but out of direct sunlight. Water as needed and check for roots after four to six weeks. Once roots have formed, transplant the cutting into a larger pot with fresh potting soil.
Root Cuttings
Root cuttings are another option for propagating Gynura tedliei. Choose a healthy plant and carefully lift it out of the pot. Gently shake off excess soil and remove a root that is at least 2 inches long, making sure to keep some stem tissue attached. Cut the root into sections that are about an inch long and plant them horizontally in a container filled with well-draining potting soil. Cover the cuttings with a thin layer of soil and water lightly. Keep the container in a warm, bright spot, but out of direct sunlight. Water as needed and check for new shoots after four to six weeks. Once new growth has formed, transplant each cutting into its own pot with fresh potting soil.
Division
A third option for propagating Gynura tedliei is division. This method is best for mature plants that have become rootbound. Gently remove the plant from its pot and separate the stems and roots into several clumps. Gently remove any dead or damaged roots and repot each clump into a separate pot with fresh potting soil. Water thoroughly and keep the plants in a warm, bright spot, but out of direct sunlight. Water as needed and check for new growth after a few weeks.
Disease Management
Gynura tedliei is generally a hardy plant, but it can sometimes fall prey to several types of fungal diseases. The most common of these diseases are root rot and powdery mildew, which can cause significant damage if left unattended.
To prevent root rot, ensure that the soil is well-draining and that the plant is not overwatered. If you notice any signs of root rot, carefully remove the affected parts and repot the plant in fresh soil.
Powdery mildew is another common disease that can affect Gynura tedliei. This disease is caused by a fungus and is characterized by a white, powdery coating on the leaves. To prevent powdery mildew, avoid watering the plant from above, and ensure that the air circulation around the plant is good. To treat powdery mildew, spray the leaves with a solution of water and baking soda (1 tablespoon of baking soda per quart of water).
Pest Management
Gynura tedliei is not typically vulnerable to pest infestations, but it can sometimes be attacked by spider mites and mealybugs.
Spider mites are one of the most common pests that affect indoor plants. These tiny pests suck sap from the leaves, causing them to yellow and wither. To prevent spider mites, regularly mist the plant with water and keep the air humidity high. If you notice any signs of spider mites, gently wash the plant with a soapy water solution and then spray it with neem oil or insecticidal soap.
Mealybugs are another pest that can attack Gynura tedliei. These soft-bodied insects secrete a waxy, cotton-like material that can cover the entire plant. To prevent mealybugs, monitor your plant regularly and remove any infested parts as soon as you notice them. To treat mealybugs, use a cotton swab dipped in alcohol or wash the plant with a solution of water and dish soap.
