Overview of Grewia lactea Delile ex Hochr.
Grewia lactea Delile ex Hochr. is a plant that belongs to the family of Tiliaceae. It is a deciduous shrub or small tree that can grow up to 4 meters in height. The plant is commonly known as the milked forest raisin, or just milked raisin.Origin and Distribution
Grewia lactea Delile ex Hochr. is native to many parts of Africa, particularly in the northern region. It is also found in some parts of Asia, including Yemen and Saudi Arabia. The plant can thrive in low altitudes, from sea level up to an elevation of 1,500 meters.Appearance
The stem of Grewia lactea Delile ex Hochr. is smooth and grey-brown, with occasional small thorns and young stems covered in fine hairs. Its leaves are broad, elliptical with a pointed tips, and tapered at the base. They are alternate and measure about 8 cm in length and 6.5 cm in width. The plant flowers are small pink or white and grow in terminal or axillary clusters. The fruits are approximately 0.8 cm in length, green when unripe and yellow when ripe.Uses
Grewia lactea Delile ex Hochr. has a variety of traditional medicinal uses. The roots of the plant are said to treat abdominal pain and respiratory problems, while the leaves have been used to treat wounds. The fruits of G. lactea can be consumed fresh or dried and are said to have a sweet flavor. Additionally, the leaves and the fruit are used as animal fodder in some areas of Africa. In conclusion, Grewia lactea Delile ex Hochr. is a plant that has various medicinal and nutritional properties. Its beautiful flowering and fruiting features make it an excellent addition to any garden.Light Requirements
Grewia lactea Delile ex Hochr., also known as the Lavender Star Tree, requires full sun exposure for optimal growth. Therefore, it is recommended to plant Grewia lactea in an area that receives direct sunlight for at least 6 hours a day.
Temperature Requirements
The Lavender Star Tree thrives in warm temperatures and can tolerate hot and humid weather conditions. The optimal temperature range for the Grewia lactea plant growth lies between 20°C to 35°C. The minimum temperature to support plant growth should not fall below 15°C.
Soil Requirements
Grewia lactea Delile ex Hochr. thrives in well-drained soils with good aeration. The plant can grow in a range of soil types, commonly found in sandy loam or clay loam soils. The ideal pH range for the Lavender Star Tree to grow should be between 5.5 to 8.0. The soil must be rich in organic matter, and the addition of compost or well-rotted manure can enhance the soil nutrient content.
Watering Requirements
The Lavender Star Tree prefers moderate watering, and it is important to avoid waterlogging. The plant should be watered when the upper layer of the soil feels dry to touch. During the dry seasons, regular watering is necessary to maintain optimal soil moisture content. However, overwatering should be avoided as it may result in root rot.
Fertilizer Requirements
Grewia lactea Delile ex Hochr. has moderate fertilization requirements. An organic fertilizer, such as well-rotted manure, should be applied during the growing season to provide essential nutrients and to improve soil fertility. The fertilizer must be applied at the base of the plant, and care should be taken not to apply too much fertilizer, which may burn the roots.
Cultivation
Grewia lactea Delile ex Hochr. is a hardy plant and can grow well in a variety of soils, including sandy, loamy, and clay soils. The plant prefers a well-draining soil and full sun to partial shade exposure. It is best to cultivate the plant during warmer months.
Watering Needs
The plant requires moderate watering. Watering should be done regularly but should avoid waterlogging the soil. It is essential to ensure that the soil dries out before the next watering session.
Fertilization
Grewia lactea Delile ex Hochr. requires moderate fertilization, and it is advisable to use a balanced fertilizer during the growing season. The plant also benefits from the addition of compost or well-rotted manure as a soil amendment.
Pruning
Pruning Grewia lactea Delile ex Hochr. is essential to maintain its desired shape and size. It is advisable to prune the plant during the dormant season to promote new growth during the warmer months. The plant responds well to hard pruning, and it is recommended to remove dead or damaged branches regularly.
Propagation of Grewia lactea Delile ex Hochr.
Grewia lactea Delile ex Hochr., also known as the Malabar almond or Lemon drop mangosteen, can be propagated through several methods, including seed, cuttings, and air layering.
Propagation by Seed
Propagation by seed is the easiest and most common method for G. lactea. Collect ripe fruits from the tree and extract the seeds by removing the flesh. Clean the seeds with water and plant them in well-draining soil. Cover the seeds lightly with soil and keep them moist. Germination usually takes three to four weeks.
Propagation by Cuttings
Grewia lactea can also be propagated through stem cuttings. Choose healthy stem cuttings from the parent plant with at least two to three nodes. Dip the cut end of the stem in rooting hormone powder and plant it in a well-draining potting mix. Keep the soil damp and place the cutting in a bright but not direct sunlight. Rooting will take place in approximately four to six weeks.
Propagation by Air Layering
Air layering can also be used to propagate G. lactea. Choose a healthy branch on the parent plant and remove a ring of bark (1-2 inches wide) from the stem. Apply rooting hormone and fill the wound with sphagnum moss. Wrap the moss with plastic and secure it with tape. Roots will develop within a few weeks. Cut the branch below the rooted area and plant it in well-draining soil.
Disease and Pest Management for Grewia lactea Delile ex Hochr.
Grewia lactea Delile ex Hochr. is a hardy plant that can withstand some pest and diseases. However, it can be susceptible to some diseases and pests depending on the prevailing conditions. It is essential to understand the common diseases and pests that can affect the plant and how to manage them. Here are some of the common diseases and pests of Grewia lactea Delile ex Hochr. and their management strategies:
Diseases
There are several diseases that can affect Grewia lactea Delile ex Hochr. Some of the common ones include:
Leaf Spots
Leaf spots are a common disease that can affect Grewia lactea Delile ex Hochr. The disease is caused by fungi such as Cercospora and Phyllosticta. The disease signs include tiny spots on the leaves that slowly enlarge with time. To manage the disease, ensure to remove the infected plant parts and destroy them. Fungicide application can also help keep the disease in check.
Powdery Mildew
Powdery mildew is another fungal disease that affects many plants, including Grewia lactea Delile ex Hochr. The disease signs start as a white powdery substance on the leaves and stem. This can slowly lead to stunted growth and eventually, death. To manage the disease, ensure proper plant hygiene, use of resistant varieties, and fungicide application.
Pests
Grewia lactea Delile ex Hochr. is also susceptible to pests attack. Some of the common ones include:
Aphids
Aphids are small insects that feed on the sap of plants and can cause severe damage to Grewia lactea Delile ex Hochr. The signs of aphids attack include leaves with curled edges and a honeydew-like substance on the plant's surface. To manage the pest, use insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Spider Mites
Spider mites are also common pests that can affect Grewia lactea Delile ex Hochr. The signs of spider mites infestation include yellowing leaves and web-like substance on the plant's surface. To manage the pest, apply insecticidal soap and ensure adequate plant humidity.
In conclusion, Grewia lactea Delile ex Hochr. can be susceptible to pest and disease attacks. Understanding the common diseases and pests is essential to manage them effectively. Ensure to maintain good plant hygiene, remove infected plant parts, use resistant varieties, and apply insecticides and fungicides when necessary.
