Origin
Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn. is a species of flowering plant that belongs to the family Fabaceae. The plant is native to Africa, particularly in the countries of Cameroon, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Somalia, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.
Common Names
Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn. is commonly known as two-flowered glycine, common wild bean, butterfly peas, and wild kidney beans. The plant is also known by its vernacular names in different African languages, such as "ombelela" in Luchazi language and "upokolo" in Zulu language.
Uses
Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn. has various uses, particularly in African traditional medicine. The plant's roots are known to treat conditions such as chest pain, constipation, dysentery, and stomach pain. It is also believed to have properties that can lower high blood pressure and blood sugar levels. Additionally, the leaves and young pods of the plant are edible and can be eaten raw or cooked.
General Appearance
Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn. is a perennial herbaceous vine that can grow up to 2 meters in length. The plant has hairy stems and leaves that consist of three leaflets with a length of 1 to 4 cm and a width of 0.3 to 2 cm. The flowers are pea-like and are usually white, pink, purple, or blue in color. The fruits of the plant are bean-like pods that can reach up to 6 cm in length.
Light Requirements?
Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn. usually grows best in areas where it can receive full sun exposure. This species typically thrives in the natural grasslands of Africa, which receive ample sunlight throughout the day. Therefore, it is important to grow this plant in a place that receives abundant sunlight to promote healthy growth and reproduction.
Temperature Requirements?
When it comes to temperature, Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn. can tolerate a wide range of temperatures, but it grows best in an environment with mild to warm temperatures. The ideal temperature range for this species is between 20 and 30 degrees Celsius, so temperatures outside of that range should be avoided. When temperatures drop below 10 degrees Celsius, the plant often enters a state of dormancy, which can affect its overall growth and survival.
Soil Requirements?
The soil requirements for Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn. are slightly different from other species of plants. This plant generally thrives in well-draining soils that have a moderate amount of organic matter, but it can tolerate a wide range of soil types. The plant prefers soils with a pH range of 5.5 to 7.5, which is slightly acidic to neutral. However, it is important to note that this species is sensitive to salt buildup in the soil, so planting Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn. in saline or heavily fertilized soils should be avoided.
Cultivation Methods for Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn.
Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn. is a hardy plant that grows best in sandy loam soil. It requires full sun exposure to thrive. Before planting, loosen the soil to a depth of 30 cm and mix in organic compost, which helps with soil drainage and fertility. The ideal planting time is in the early spring when the soil temperature starts to warm up.
Watering Needs for Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn.
Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn. requires regular watering, especially during the initial growth phase. Watering should be done deep and infrequently to allow the roots to grow deep into the soil. Young plants require watering at least once a week, while mature plants require watering only when the soil feels dry to the touch.
Fertilization for Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn.
Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn. requires regular fertilization to maintain healthy growth and production. Fertilizers with a high content of nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus are the best types for this plant. Fertilize the plant every three weeks during the growing season, and reduce fertilization during the dormant season.
Pruning Tips for Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn.
Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn. does not require frequent pruning, but it is important to remove dead or diseased branches as soon as possible to prevent further spread of diseases or infections. Pruning can be done in the fall or late winter when the plant is dormant. Cut back any overgrown branches to encourage new growth.
Propagation of Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn.
Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn., commonly known as the twining snakebean, is a perennial legume commonly found in tropical Africa. The twining snakebean produces long vines that can grow up to two meters in length, and the plant typically propagates through seeds. However, there are other propagation methods that can be used to propagate Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn.
Seed Propagation
The most common method used to propagate Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn. is through seeds. The seeds are typically collected during the post-monsoon period when the pods have matured and dried. The seeds are then extracted from the pods and stored in a cool, dry place until ready for planting. Seeds that are used for planting should be plump, well-formed, and viable. Seed propagation is typically used for commercial production and research purposes.
Cutting propagation
Cutting propagation is another method that can be used to propagate Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn. Cuttings should be collected in early spring from mature plants that have already developed a robust root system. Cuttings should be 10 to 15 cm in length and should be free of any signs of pests or disease. The cuttings should then be treated with a rooting hormone and inserted into well-draining soil. The cuttings should be kept moist but not overwatered and should be kept in a shaded area until roots have developed.
Layering Propagation
Layering propagation is a technique that involves bending a mature stem of the Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn. and burying it into the soil. The area of the stem that is covered in soil will begin to develop roots, and the new plant can be separated from the parent plant. Layering propagation is typically used for propagation in the home garden.
Conclusion
Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn. is a species with a vast range of propagational methods. Seed propagation is commonly used for commercial production and research purposes, whereas cutting propagation and layering propagation can be used in home gardens. The propagation method used will depend on the grower's preferences and requirements.
Disease and Pest Management for Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn.
As with any plant, Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn. can be susceptible to a range of diseases and pests. Here are some common ones and ways to manage them:
Diseases
Fungal leaf spots: If you notice circular or irregular-shaped brown spots on the leaves, this may indicate a fungal infection. To manage this, remove the affected leaves and avoid getting water on the leaves when watering. You can also use a fungicide if the problem persists.
Bacterial leaf spot: This is another type of leaf spot but is caused by bacteria rather than fungi. The spots are water-soaked and may have yellow halos around them. Remove affected leaves and apply a copper-based fungicide to prevent further spread.
Root rot: Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn. may be susceptible to root rot, especially in poorly-drained soil. This can be managed by ensuring good drainage and avoiding overwatering. If the plant is severely affected, it may need to be removed.
Pests
Aphids: These are small, soft-bodied insects that can cluster on the stems and leaves of your plant. They can be managed by spraying the plant with a strong jet of water or using an insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Caterpillars: Certain types of caterpillars, such as bean leaf rollers, can feed on the leaves of Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn. and cause damage. You can handpick them or use a biological control such as Bacillus thuringiensis.
Spider mites: These tiny pests can cause webbing and yellowing of the leaves. Manage them by spraying the plant with water or using an insecticidal soap or neem oil.
By regularly inspecting your plant and taking appropriate actions, you can help prevent the spread of diseases and pests and keep your Glycine biflora Schumach. & Thonn. healthy and thriving.
