Description of Geum macrophyllum Willd. ssp. perincisum (Rydb.) Hultén
Geum macrophyllum Willd. ssp. perincisum (Rydb.) Hultén, also known as big-leaved avens, is a native perennial plant to North America, specifically found in Colorado, New Mexico and Wyoming. The plant belongs to the Rosaceae family and can grow up to 60 cm tall.
General Appearance
The big-leaved avens has distinctive large, hairy, basal leaves that measure up to 30 cm long. Its stem has a reddish appearance and also has small leaves that grow alternately on it. During the blooming season, the plant produces yellow flowers that have five petals and can measure up to 2 cm wide. The flower blooms from May to July and is very attractive to bees and other pollinators. After blooming, the plant produces achenes, dry fruits containing a single seed each.
Uses
Geum macrophyllum Willd. ssp. perincisum (Rydb.) Hultén has a variety of uses. Native American tribes used it as a medicinal plant to treat fever, diarrhea, and sore throats. The root of the plant was used as an astringent and was also made into a tea to treat respiratory issues. Additionally, the plant is used as an ornamental in gardens and landscapes due to its bright yellow flowers and large leaves.
Common Names
The big-leaved avens is also commonly known as the large-leaved avens, western avens, and wild strawberry.
Growth Conditions for Geum macrophyllum Willd. ssp. perincisum (Rydb.) Hultén
Geum macrophyllum Willd. ssp. perincisum (Rydb.) Hultén, commonly known as big-leaved avens, is a herbaceous perennial plant that is native to North America. It typically grows in meadows, open woods, and along streams at higher altitude ranges.
Light Requirements
Geum macrophyllum prefers partial shade to full sun exposure. It can tolerate a range of light conditions but performs best in areas that receive at least partial sun, with shelter from the hottest afternoon sun in warmer climates.
Temperature Requirements
The plant can withstand a wide range of temperatures and can survive in USDA hardiness zones 4 to 8. It grows best in moderately cool climates, with a temperature range of 10°C to 26°C (50°F to 80°F). Extreme heat or cold can result in stunted growth and reduced flowering.
Soil Requirements
Geum macrophyllum grows well in slightly acidic to neutral, fertile, and well-drained soils. It prefers soils that are rich in organic matter, with a pH range of 5.5 to 7.0. Clay, loam, and sandy soils are all suitable for this plant. It does not tolerate waterlogged or compacted soils, which can damage the roots and cause root rot.
In summary, Geum macrophyllum is a herbaceous perennial plant that prefers partial shade to full sun exposure, moderate temperatures, and fertile, well-drained soils. It can survive in a wide range of temperature and light conditions, but extreme heat or cold can impact growth. Proper soil conditions are crucial for its optimal growth and flowering.
Cultivation Methods
Geum macrophyllum Willd. ssp. perincisum (Rydb.) Hultén is a perennial plant that thrives in well-drained soil and full to partial sun. The ideal soil pH for this plant ranges from 5.5 to 7.5. It is best to plant this species in the fall season as the temperatures become cooler and the soil is easier to work with. These plants prefer moist but not soggy soil.
Watering Needs
Geum macrophyllum Willd. ssp. perincisum (Rydb.) Hultén requires consistent watering during the first growing season to establish deep and healthy roots. After the first year, this plant can tolerate short periods of drought. It is best to water this plant when the top 2 inches of soil are dry, to avoid overwatering and root rot.
Fertilization
Geum macrophyllum Willd. ssp. perincisum (Rydb.) Hultén does not require frequent fertilization. However, a top dressing of organic compost in the spring season is beneficial for its growth. An application of slow-release fertilizer in early spring will encourage the plant's root development and overall health.
Pruning
Pruning of Geum macrophyllum Willd. ssp. perincisum (Rydb.) Hultén depends on the time of year. Deadheading the spent blooms during the growing season will encourage continuous blooming. In the fall season, cut the plant down to the ground once it becomes dormant to prepare it for the following growing season. Trimming the dead foliage in the spring after frost will encourage new growth.
Propagation of Geum macrophyllum Willd. ssp. perincisum (Rydb.) Hultén
Geum macrophyllum is typically propagated through its seeds. The plant has strong and persistent roots, which make divisions difficult. However, when propagated through seeds, the plant adapts well to its environment and can reach maturity within a couple of years.
Seed Propagation
Seeds of Geum macrophyllum can be propagated either indoors or outdoors. Sow the seeds in well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. The seeds prefer a cool and moist stratification for about 2-4 weeks before they can germinate. Cover the seeds with a thin layer of soil and mist them occasionally until they start to germinate. Keep the soil evenly moist and provide the seedlings with bright but indirect sunlight.
After about two to three months, when the seedlings are large enough to handle, transplant them into pots or directly into the garden. Transplant the seedlings outdoors after the last frost, usually in late spring or early summer. Dig holes that are slightly larger than the root ball of the seedlings, and water them thoroughly. The young plants should be placed in a suitable location based on their light and moisture requirements, where they can receive morning and evening sun but avoid the hot afternoon sun. Keep the young plants evenly moist until they become established.
Geum macrophyllum can freely self-seed in the garden, producing new plants without any additional effort on the gardener's part. The plant can also be propagated through root cuttings, but this method is not typically recommended, as it is difficult and may result in poor survival rates.
Disease Management
Geum macrophyllum Willd. ssp. perincisum (Rydb.) Hultén may suffer from various diseases. One of the most common diseases that affects this plant is powdery mildew. Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that causes a white powdery coating on the leaves. To manage this disease, you can use fungicides which are available in the market or make a DIY mixture of baking soda, water, and soap. Pruning the heavily affected part of the plants and disposing of them properly can also prevent the disease from spreading.
Another disease that may affect Geum macrophyllum Willd. ssp. perincisum (Rydb.) Hultén is leaf spot. This is a fungal disease that causes dark spots on the plant's leaves. To manage this disease, you can use fungicides or make a DIY fungicide solution with vinegar and water. Preventing water from being in contact with the leaves will also help prevent this disease.
Pest Management
Various pests may show up on Geum macrophyllum Willd. ssp. perincisum (Rydb.) Hultén throughout its life cycle, such as aphids and spider mites. Aphids are tiny insects that can be seen on the underside of leaves. They suck the sap from the plant, causing the leaves to wilt and yellow. You can manually remove aphids from the leaves or use organic insecticides such as neem oil or insecticidal soap. Spider mites are also tiny insects that are difficult to see with the naked eye. You can use water sprays to wash them off the plant or use predatory mites to eliminate them. It is crucial to maintain the humidity level of the plant to avoid spider mites infestation.
Caterpillars are another pest that may affect this plant. They feed on the leaves, which may result in significant damage. Inspect the plants regularly and remove the caterpillars by hand. Alternatively, you can use organic insecticides like Bt, which is a natural bacteria that only targets caterpillars. Keeping the garden clean and weed-free can also prevent the caterpillars from making their home in your garden.
