Origin
Gesneria citrina Urban is a species belonging to the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It is native to Jamaica, which is an island country of the West Indies in the Caribbean Sea.
Common Names
Gesneria citrina Urban is also known by several common names, including Lemon-flowered Gesneriad and Joker's Cape
Uses
Gesneria citrina Urban is used mainly as an ornamental plant. It is typically grown as a potted houseplant or as a tropical outdoor plant in areas where the climate is warm and humid. The showy flowers of the plant are the main attraction, and they are often used to create colorful indoor displays. While the plant is not known to have any significant medicinal or culinary uses, it is sometimes used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments.
General Appearance
Gesneria citrina Urban is an evergreen perennial plant that can grow up to 3 feet tall. It has large, dark green, hairy leaves that are oblong in shape and grow in an alternate pattern on the stem. The plant produces clusters of striking lemon-yellow flowers that appear at the end of long stems. The flowers are tubular in shape and have five petals and a long, hooded upper lip. The plant prefers growing in partially shaded areas with well-draining soil and high humidity.
Light Requirements
Gesneria citrina Urban prefers bright, indirect light. It can also tolerate low light conditions, but this will slow down its growth and flowering. Direct sunlight or intense heat can damage the plant's leaves, so it is best to place it in a spot with bright, filtered light.
Temperature Requirements
This plant thrives in temperatures of 18-24°C (65-75°F) but can tolerate temperatures as low as 13°C (55°F). It is important to avoid exposing it to temperatures below 10°C (50°F) or above 29°C (85°F), as extreme temperatures can cause damage or even death to the plant.
Soil Requirements
A well-draining, nutrient-rich potting mix is essential for Gesneria citrina Urban. A loose, airy mix with a pH of 6.0-6.5 will provide the plant with the right balance of nutrients and water. It is also important to ensure that the soil does not become waterlogged, as this can cause root rot and other issues.
Cultivation Methods
Gesneria citrina Urban, also known as Lemon Drop plant, is a tropical evergreen species that requires a warm and humid environment to thrive. It is best grown indoors or in a greenhouse, but it can also be grown outdoors in warm, tropical climates. The plant prefers well-draining, fertile soil with a slightly acidic pH level between 5.5 and 6.5. The ideal temperature for Gesneria citrina is between 65°F and 80°F, and it requires filtered or indirect light to prevent leaf burn.
Watering Needs
Gesneria citrina requires regular watering to keep the soil consistently moist. However, it is equally important not to overwater and allow the plant to sit in standing water. The frequency of watering will depend on the temperature, humidity, and soil type, but as a general rule, it should be watered when the top inch of soil feels dry to the touch. During the winter months, reduce the watering frequency, allowing the soil to dry slightly between waterings.
Fertilization
Gesneria citrina benefits from regular fertilizer applications during the growing season, typically from spring to fall. Use a diluted, balanced liquid fertilizer every two weeks or slow-release granular fertilizer once a month to encourage healthy growth. Avoid fertilizing in the winter months, as the plant is in a dormant state and does not require as many nutrients.
Pruning
Pruning Gesneria citrina is not necessary, but it can help promote bushier growth and prevent leggy or spindly stems. Use clean, sharp scissors or pruning shears to pinch back the tips of the stems and encourage lateral branching. Additionally, remove any dead or yellowing leaves or stems to promote the overall health and appearance of the plant.
Propagation of Gesneria citrina Urban
Gesneria citrina Urban, commonly known as Yellow Gloxinia, is a beautiful and ornamental plant that is native to the Caribbean Islands. Propagating this plant can be done by various methods, including:
1. Division
Division is the easiest method of propagating Gesneria citrina Urban. It involves separating the offsets or suckers that grow from the parent plant's roots or base. Cut off the sucker from the parent plant carefully using a sharp and sterilized knife. Ensure the sucker has enough roots and plant it in a well-draining soil mixture, keeping it moist until it establishes itself.
2. Stem cuttings
This method requires taking cuttings of healthy stems from the parent plant. Cuttings should be about four inches long and contain at least two pairs of leaves. Remove the lower pair of leaves and dip the cut end in a rooting hormone. Plant the cutting in a well-draining, moist soil mixture and cover it with a plastic bag. Place it in diffused light, keeping it humid, until it establishes roots.
3. Leaf cuttings
Gesneria citrina Urban can also be propagated by leaf cuttings. Select a mature and healthy leaf and twist it gently from the parent plant. Cut the leaf into sections with a sterilized knife, ensuring that each section has a visible vein. Dip the cut end in a rooting hormone and plant it in a well-draining moist soil mixture. Cover it with a plastic bag and provide diffused light and humidity until it establishes roots.
4. Seeds
Gesneria citrina Urban produces seeds that can be used to propagate the plant. However, this method is the most challenging and requires patience. Harvest the seeds from the parent plant's fruit capsule and sow them in a well-draining soil mixture. Cover the seeds with a thin layer of soil, keeping them moist and warm until they germinate.
Propagation of Gesneria citrina Urban can be done throughout the year. Always use clean and sterilized tools and pots, and provide them with proper light, water, and humidity, depending on the propagation method.
Disease and Pest Management for Gesneria citrina Urban
Gesneria citrina Urban is a houseplant that is susceptible to various diseases and pests. Proper disease and pest management are necessary to maintain healthy growth and ensure a long lifespan of the plant.
Common Diseases
One of the most common diseases that affect Gesneria citrina Urban is powdery mildew. It is caused by fungus and can be identified by small, white, powdery spots on the leaves and stems. To manage this disease, remove the infected parts and apply a fungicide. Also, maintain proper air circulation and avoid overhead watering.
Another common disease that affects Gesneria citrina Urban is root rot. It is caused by overwatering and poor drainage. Signs of root rot include yellowing leaves, wilting, and a foul smell from the soil. To manage this disease, remove the infected parts and replant the plant in well-draining soil.
Common Pests
Several pests can infest Gesneria citrina Urban, including spider mites, mealybugs, and scale insects. Spider mites are tiny, spider-like pests that suck the sap from the leaves, causing yellowing and brown spots. Mealybugs are small, white, cotton-like pests that also suck the sap and excrete honeydew, leading to a black sooty mold. Scale insects are small, flat, and oval-shaped pests that attach to the stems and leaves, causing yellowing, wilting, and stunted growth.
To manage these pests, regularly inspect the plant for signs of infestation. Isolate the plant and prune the infected parts. Wash the plant with a mild soap solution, or use insecticidal soap for severe infestations. Repeat the treatment until all the pests are eliminated.
Overall, the key to disease and pest management for Gesneria citrina Urban is prevention. Maintain proper plant care, including watering, fertilizing, and maintaining proper light levels. Regularly inspect the plant for any signs of diseases or pests and take prompt action to manage them. With proper care and maintenance, Gesneria citrina Urban can thrive and beautify any indoor space.
