Overview
Geranium speciosum (L.f.) Thunb., also known as the showy geranium or lavender geranium, is a species of flowering plant belonging to the Geraniaceae family. It is native to the mountains of Turkey, and can also be found in the Caucasus, Iran, and other parts of the Middle East. This plant is popular among gardeners for its delicate pink flowers, which bloom in the summer months.
Appearance
Geranium speciosum is a perennial herbaceous plant that typically grows to a height of around 30-60 cm. It has a bushy habit, with stems that are green and slightly hairy. The leaves are deeply lobed and have a dark green color. The flowers are the main attraction of this plant, with delicate pink petals that are sometimes streaked with white. They are small and look similar to those of wild roses. The flowers are held on long stems above the foliage and bloom from June to September.
Common Names
Geranium speciosum is commonly known as the showy geranium or lavender geranium due to the color of its flowers. In addition, it is also called the Armenian cranesbill, mountain cranesbill, or showy storksbill.
Uses
Geranium speciosum is often grown for ornamental purposes, as it is a beautiful addition to any garden. It is also used in traditional medicine for its astringent and diuretic properties. The leaves and flowers are used to make teas and herbal remedies to treat various ailments, including diarrhea, hemorrhoids, and stomach ulcers. Some studies have suggested that Geranium speciosum may have antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, though further research is needed to confirm these benefits.
Light Requirements
The Geranium speciosum variety typically requires full sun to partial shade conditions. It is recommended to plant them in locations that receive a minimum of six hours of sunlight per day. In areas where the summers are particularly hot, it's best to provide them with some shade to protect them from excessive heat and sunburn.
Temperature Requirements
This variety of geranium prefers moderate temperatures. They do well in USDA hardiness zones 8-9. It is essential to ensure that the temperature is well-regulated, as extremes (both high and low) can damage the plant. The ideal temperature range for Geranium speciosum is between 60-68°F (15-20°C). In areas with harsh winters, it's recommended to grow the plants indoors or in a greenhouse to protect them from the cold weather.
Soil Requirements
Geranium speciosum thrives in well-draining soil with a pH of around 6.0-7.5. The soil should be rich in organic matter and have good moisture retention properties. It's best to avoid planting them in heavy, compacted soils, as they don't allow for proper drainage. Adding compost or other organic matter to the soil before planting will help improve soil fertility and water retention. Additionally, it is recommended to maintain a consistent moisture level in the soil without allowing it to become waterlogged.
Cultivation Methods
Geranium speciosum is a hardy perennial plant that is suitable for cultivation in most regions. It prefers well-drained soil with a pH of 5.5 to 7.0 and requires full sun to partial shade for optimal growth. The plant can be propagated by seeds or cuttings, although cuttings are the preferred method.
Watering Needs
Geranium speciosum needs regular watering, especially during the growing season. The soil should be kept moist but not waterlogged, and the plant should be watered deeply once a week. If the weather is hot and dry, the plant will require more frequent watering.
Fertilization
Geranium speciosum can benefit from regular fertilization during the growing season. A balanced fertilizer, such as a 10-10-10 or 20-20-20 blend, can be applied every 4 to 6 weeks. Care should be taken to avoid excessive fertilization, as this can result in weak growth or excessive foliage.
Pruning
Geranium speciosum does not require extensive pruning, but it can benefit from light trimming after the blooming period has ended to encourage new growth. Deadheading spent flowers can also help to promote additional blooms. Additionally, any damaged or diseased branches should be promptly removed to promote overall plant health and vigor.
Propagation of Geranium Speciosum
Geranium speciosum (L.f.) Thunb. can be propagated through seeds, cuttings or division of the root clumps. Each method has its own advantages, and the choice of one method depends on the desired outcome and available resources.
Propagation through Seeds
Propagation through seeds is a simple and easy method. Sow the seeds in well-drained soil in pots or trays. Cover the seeds lightly with soil and keep the soil moist. Germination usually takes 14-30 days, and the seedlings can be transplanted once they have developed a few true leaves.
Propagation through Cuttings
The plant can also be propagated through stem cuttings taken in summer. Choose a healthy stem with several leaves and no flowers. Cut the stem at a 45-degree angle and remove the lower leaves. Dip the cut end in rooting hormone and plant it in a well-draining mix of soil and sand. Keep the soil moist and place the cutting in indirect light. The rooting process usually takes 2-4 weeks.
Propagation through Division
Division of the root clumps is the best method for maintaining the plant's true characteristics. This method is best done in autumn or early spring when the plant is not actively growing. Dig up the entire root clump and gently separate the individual plants. Each plant should have a good root system and at least one healthy shoot. Replant the divisions in well-drained soil and water them regularly until they establish themselves.
Disease management for Geranium speciosum (L.f.) Thunb.
Geranium speciosum (L.f.) Thunb. is a hardy plant that is relatively resistant to diseases. However, it can still be affected by some common diseases that include:
- Mildew: Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that appears as a white powdery growth on the leaves, stems, and flowers of the plant. It can be managed by ensuring that the plant is not overcrowded, there is good air circulation, and by removing affected parts of the plant.
- Botrytis blight: Botrytis blight is a fungal disease that appears as brown spots on the leaves and stem of the plant. The affected parts of the plant should be removed and destroyed, and the surrounding area should be kept clean and dry.
- Crown rot: Crown rot is a fungal disease that affects the roots and stem of the plant. It is caused by poor drainage and can be managed by improving drainage and avoiding over-watering.
Pest management for Geranium speciosum (L.f.) Thunb.
Geranium speciosum (L.f.) Thunb. is relatively resistant to pests. However, some pests that may affect the plant include:
- Aphids: Aphids are small, sap-sucking insects that can be managed by washing the plant with a strong stream of water or by using an insecticidal soap.
- Spider mites: Spider mites are tiny pests that can be identified by their webbing. They can be managed by washing the plant with a strong stream of water or by using insecticidal soap.
- Slugs and snails: Slugs and snails can be attracted to Geranium speciosum (L.f.) Thunb. and can be managed by using traps or by applying a commercial slug and snail bait.
