Origin and Common Names
Geranium ocellatum Cambess. var. africanum R.Knuth is a species of flowering plant that belongs to the Geraniaceae family. It is native to South Africa and is commonly found in the Western and Eastern Capes.
Geranium ocellatum Cambess. var. africanum R.Knuth is locally known as "Kattekruie" or "Wild Pelargonium".
General Appearance
The Geranium ocellatum Cambess. var. africanum R.Knuth grows up to a height of 60cm. It has a shrub-like appearance, with numerous branches that sprawl outwards. The leaves are attractive and lobed, and they are green in color with a velvety texture on both sides.
The flowers of Geranium ocellatum Cambess. var. africanum R.Knuth are a striking shade of pink or purple and have darker veins. The flowers are arranged in umbels and bloom from spring to summer.
Uses
Geranium ocellatum Cambess. var. africanum R.Knuth has been used for medicinal purposes for many years in South Africa. The roots of the plant are used to make a tincture that is believed to be effective in treating a variety of ailments such as coughs and colds, digestive problems, and as a natural diuretic. It is also commonly used as an ornamental plant in gardens and as a houseplant.
The essential oil of Geranium ocellatum Cambess. var. africanum R.Knuth is also used in aromatherapy and is believed to have a calming effect on the mind and body.
Light Requirements
The Geranium ocellatum Cambess. var. africanum R.Knuth thrives in bright, indirect light. It is recommended to keep the plant near a window that does not receive direct sunlight, as direct sunlight can damage the foliage.
Temperature Requirements
The ideal temperature range for the Geranium ocellatum Cambess. var. africanum R.Knuth is between 15-25°C (59-77°F). Extremes in temperature, either too hot or too cold, can have adverse effects on the plant's growth and development.
Soil Requirements
The Geranium ocellatum Cambess. var. africanum R.Knuth thrives in well-draining soil that is rich in nutrients. A potting mix with added perlite or sand can help promote good drainage. It is important to avoid overwatering, as this can lead to root rot and other issues.
Cultivation
The Geranium ocellatum Cambess. var. africanum R.Knuth is a hardy perennial plant that grows well in well-drained soil. It thrives in full sun but can also tolerate partial shade. The ideal soil pH for geraniums is between 6.0 and 7.5. It requires moderate watering and can grow up to a height of 60 cm. The plant can be propagated through seeds, stem cuttings, or division of its root stock during the growing season.
Watering Needs
Watering geraniums should be done moderately. Over-watering may cause the plant's roots to rot while under-watering may cause the plant to dry up and die. The plant should be watered at the base and not the leaves to avoid rotting. Watering should be done early in the morning or in the evening when the sun is low to avoid evaporation of water.
Fertilization
Geraniums require fertilizer to grow healthy. A balanced fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 10-10-10 or 5-10-5 is ideal for geraniums. Fertilizer should be applied once every two to three weeks during the growing season. Over-fertilizing may cause excess growth, leaf burn, or even death of the plant. Care should be taken not to fertilize the plant during the winter or dormancy season.
Pruning
Pruning of geraniums should be done after flowering to keep the plant tidy and healthy. Deadheading, the removal of dead flowers, and yellow leaves should be done regularly to stimulate continuous blooming. Stems that cross each other should be removed to avoid obstructing air circulation and sunlight. Geraniums can also be pruned to reduce their size during the summer to maintain their shape and form.
Propagation of Geranium ocellatum Cambess. var. africanum R.Knuth
Geranium ocellatum Cambess. var. africanum R.Knuth, also known as the African eye geranium, can be propagated through several methods including division, cuttings, and seeds.
Division
Division is a simple and effective way to propagate Geranium ocellatum. The best time to do this is in the spring or fall when the plant is actively growing. To propagate through division, gently dig up the plant and separate the clumps of roots and stems into several smaller sections. Be sure that each section has a good amount of roots and foliage. Replant the new sections in well-draining soil and water thoroughly.
Cuttings
Cuttings can also be used to propagate Geranium ocellatum. Take 3-4 inch cuttings from the tips of new growth, making sure to include at least one node. Remove the lower leaves and dip the cutting in rooting hormone. Then, plant the cutting in well-draining soil and water thoroughly. Keep the soil moist and place the cuttings in indirect sunlight for best results.
Seeds
Seeds can also be used to propagate Geranium ocellatum. The best time to sow the seeds is in the spring when temperatures are warm. Begin by moistening the soil and then sprinkle the seeds evenly on top. Cover the seeds lightly with soil and keep the soil moist. Germination should occur within 2-3 weeks. Once the seedlings have grown large enough, transplant them into their own containers or into the garden.
Disease Management
Geranium ocellatum Cambess. var. africanum R.Knuth is generally a disease-resistant plant, but it can be prone to a few common diseases. Here are some ways to manage those diseases.
Powdery Mildew
Powdery mildew can occur on the leaves, stems, and flowers of the geranium plant. It is caused by a fungal infection and can be identified by white, powdery spots on the plant. To manage powdery mildew, use a fungicide spray or mixture of baking soda and water on the affected leaves and flowers. It can also help to improve air circulation and reduce humidity around the plant.
Crown Rot
Crown rot is a fungal infection that can be identified by a brown or black discoloration at the base of the plant. To manage crown rot, remove any infected plant material and replant the plant in well-draining soil, ensuring that it is not overwatered.
Pest Management
Geranium ocellatum Cambess. var. africanum R.Knuth is commonly affected by pests such as aphids and spider mites. Here are some ways to manage those pests.
Aphids
Aphids are small, soft-bodied insects that can cause distortion and discoloration of leaves. They can be managed using a mixture of dish soap and water, applied directly to the affected leaves. Insecticidal soap can also be used to manage aphids.
Spider Mites
Spider mites are tiny pests that can cause yellowing and browning of leaves, as well as webbing on the plant. To manage spider mites, use a miticide spray or mixture of alcohol and water on the affected leaves. It can also help to improve air circulation and reduce humidity around the plant.
