Origin
Geigeria burkei Harv. var. zeyheri (Harv.) Merxm. is a plant species that belongs to the family Asteraceae. It is native to southern Africa, specifically found in Botswana, South Africa, and Zimbabwe.
Common Names
Geigeria burkei Harv. var. zeyheri (Harv.) Merxm. is commonly known as Zeyher's geigeria, Geigeria zeyheri, and Apiesdoring in Afrikaans.
Uses
Geigeria burkei Harv. var. zeyheri (Harv.) Merxm. has medicinal properties and is used traditionally to treat a range of ailments. The root of the plant is used to make a tea that is believed to relieve stomach pains, diarrhea, and flu-like symptoms. The tea also acts as a blood purifier and is useful when treating fever, skin rashes, and allergies.
In addition to its medicinal uses, the plant is also used for fuel. Its wood is very hard and dense, and when burned, it produces a hot flame that lasts longer than other woods.
General Appearance
Geigeria burkei Harv. var. zeyheri (Harv.) Merxm. is a shrub or small tree that grows up to 6m tall. It has rough, dark brown bark and a large taproot. The leaves are dark green, alternate, and have a hairless surface. The plant bears small, yellow flowers that grow in clusters at the ends of its branches. These flowers bloom between August and February.
The fruit of the plant is a small, brown, nut-like structure that is covered in fine, white hairs. The plant's overall appearance is quite striking, with its upright form and dark green leaves contrasting beautifully with its yellow flowers.
Light Requirements
Geigeria burkei Harv. var. zeyheri (Harv.) Merxm. thrives in full sunlight. It requires at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily to grow and flower. Insufficient light can cause the plant to become spindly and weak, with poor flower production.
Temperature Requirements
Geigeria burkei Harv. var. zeyheri (Harv.) Merxm. grows best in warm temperatures between 15°C and 30°C (59°F to 86°F). It can tolerate cooler temperatures, but the growth rate will be slower, and flower production may be impacted. The plant is not frost hardy and cannot withstand extreme cold.
Soil Requirements
The plant prefers well-draining soils with a pH range between 6 and 7.5. G. burkei is well adapted to dry conditions and can grow in soils with low organic matter. Sandy to rocky soils are preferred as soil that retains too much moisture can lead to root rot and wilt. Compost or organic fertilizers can be added to enhance soil fertility and growth production.
Cultivation methods
The Geigeria burkei Harv. var. zeyheri (Harv.) Merxm., commonly known as 'African wormwood,' is a relatively hardy plant that can adapt to various climatic conditions. It grows best in well-drained soils with a pH range of about 6.0-7.5. The plant can be propagated using either seeds or cuttings.
When growing from seeds, sow in a well-prepared seedbed in early spring, and cover with a thin layer of soil. Keep the soil moist by watering regularly and ensure that the seeds are exposed to sunlight. Plant the seedlings into their permanent position once they are about 5cm tall. When propagating from cuttings, select a healthy stem and ensure that the cuttings are taken in the early morning. The cuttings should be about 15-20cm in length, and the leaves trimmed by half. Dip the cuttings in rooting hormone powder and plant them in a prepared potting mix. Keep the soil humid and in a shaded area to facilitate rooting.
Watering needs
The Geigeria burkei Harv. var. zeyheri (Harv.) Merxm. requires moderate watering, and the frequency will depend on the temperature and humidity of the environment. During the hot season, it should be watered frequently, but in winter, the plant won't require much water. The soil should be kept evenly moist but not waterlogged. Overwatering can lead to root rot, while underwatering will cause the plant to wilt.
Fertilization
Regular fertilization is not necessary for Geigeria burkei Harv. var. zeyheri (Harv.) Merxm. However, you can apply a slow-release fertilizer that's low in nitrogen during the growing season to boost growth and flowering. The fertilizer should be applied lightly, per package instructions, to avoid overfeeding the plant. Organic matter such as well-rotted manure can also be added to the soil to enhance soil structure and fertility.
Pruning
Geigeria burkei Harv. var. zeyheri (Harv.) Merxm. doesn't require much pruning. However, to achieve a bushy and more compact shape, it's advisable to prune the plant occasionally. Pinching the growing tips will encourage the plant to develop side shoots, leading to a bushy appearance. Dead or withered foliage can be removed to enhance the plant's appearance. Regular pruning will also boost flowering and ensure the plant maintains its attractive appearance.
Propagation of Geigeria burkei Harv. var. zeyheri (Harv.) Merxm.
Geigeria burkei Harv. var. zeyheri (Harv.) Merxm. can be propagated through different methods, including:
Seed propagation
Seeds of Geigeria burkei Harv. var. zeyheri (Harv.) Merxm. can be collected from mature dried fruits. The seeds should be cleaned, air-dried, and stored in a cool and dry place until ready to plant. Before planting, the seeds should be scarified to increase germination rates. Scarification can be done by nicking the seed coat with a sharp blade or by soaking the seeds in hot water for several hours. The seeds can be planted directly in a well-draining soil mix or in seedling trays filled with a soilless mix. The soil should be kept evenly moist until germination, which may take between 3-6 weeks. Once germinated, the seedlings can be transplanted into individual pots and grown in a sunny location.
Cuttings
Cuttings can be taken from mature stems of Geigeria burkei Harv. var. zeyheri (Harv.) Merxm. during the growing season. The cuttings should be 5-10 cm long and should have at least two nodes. The lower leaves should be removed, and the cuttings should be dipped in a rooting hormone to stimulate root growth. The cuttings can be planted in a well-draining soil mix and covered with a plastic bag or a clear plastic container to maintain humidity. The container should be kept in a bright and warm location, out of direct sunlight. The cuttings should root within 2-4 weeks, and once rooted, they can be transplanted into individual pots and grown in a sunny location.
Division
Geigeria burkei Harv. var. zeyheri (Harv.) Merxm. can be divided during the growing season. The plant should be carefully removed from the soil, and the root ball should be loosened to separate individual clumps. Each clump should have at least one healthy stem and a good root system. The clumps can be replanted in a well-draining soil mix, watered, and grown in a sunny location.
Disease and Pest Management for Geigeria burkei Harv. var. zeyheri (Harv.) Merxm.
Geigeria burkei Harv. var. zeyheri (Harv.) Merxm., also known as "Wildeveldthoneyflower," is a popular plant native to South Africa. Despite being a hardy and drought-tolerant plant, it is still susceptible to various diseases and pests. Understanding and managing these issues is essential to maintaining the health and vitality of the plant.
Common Diseases
One of the most deadly diseases affecting Geigeria burkei Harv. var. zeyheri is rust. Rust can appear as reddish-brown spots on the leaves and stems of the plant. If left untreated, it can weaken the plant and eventually kill it. To manage rust, remove and destroy all affected leaves and stems, and apply a fungicide to the plant. Infected plants should be isolated from healthy ones to avoid spreading the disease.
Another common disease that affects Geigeria burkei Harv. var. zeyheri is root rot. Root rot is caused by overwatering, poorly drained soil, and fungal pathogens. To prevent root rot, ensure proper drainage by using well-draining soil and avoid overwatering the plant. If root rot is detected, remove all affected roots and repot the plant with fresh soil.
Common Pests
Geigeria burkei Harv. var. zeyheri is also susceptible to pests like aphids, spider mites, and whiteflies. These insects can cause damage to the plant by feeding on the leaves and stems, often leaving behind a sticky residue.
To manage aphids, spider mites, and whiteflies, use insecticidal soap or neem oil on the plant. It is also recommended to introduce natural predators like ladybugs and lacewings to control the population of these pests effectively.
Conclusion
Effectively managing the diseases and pests that can affect Geigeria burkei Harv. var. zeyheri is crucial to promoting the plant's health and growth. Regularly inspecting the plant for signs of disease or pest infestation and taking immediate action can prevent serious damage and even save the plant's life.
