Overview
Gazania pinnata (Thunb.) Less. var. multijuga (DC.) Harv., also known as the multi-coloured gazania, is a flowering plant species that belongs to the Asteraceae family. It is native to South Africa and is commonly cultivated as an ornamental plant in gardens and landscapes for its attractive, brightly coloured flowers.
Description
Gazania pinnata var. multijuga is a low-growing perennial plant with a mat-like growth habit. It produces dark green leaves that are lobed and fleshy in texture. The leaves grow up to 10 cm in length and are arranged in clusters at the base of the plant. The plant produces tall, slender stalks that rise above the foliage and bear daisy-like flowers that are 6 to 12 cm in diameter. The flowers may be white, yellow, orange, pink, or red in color, and may have different colored undersides. The flowers close at night and open in the morning, and bloom from early summer until autumn.
Common Names
The multi-coloured gazania is known by several common names, including treasure flower, African daisy, and rainbow flower.
Uses
Gazania pinnata var. multijuga is primarily grown as an ornamental plant for its attractive flowers and foliage. It is commonly used in flower beds, borders, and containers, and is often planted as a groundcover. The plant prefers full sun and well-drained soil, and is drought-tolerant once established. It is also deer-resistant, making it a suitable choice for gardens in areas with deer populations.
Light Requirements
Gazania pinnata var. multijuga requires full sunlight exposure for its optimal growth. It can also tolerate partial shade but will not thrive in shady conditions. Exposing the plant to full sun helps in the production of bright and vibrant flowers.
Temperature Requirements
Gazania pinnata var. multijuga can tolerate high temperatures up to 90°F (32°C) during the day and low temperatures down to 40°F (4°C) at night. However, its optimal growth temperature range is between 60°F (15°C) to 70°F (21°C). Extreme temperatures, whether too high or too low, can inhibit proper growth and blooming of the plant.
Soil Requirements
The plant requires well-draining soil with a neutral to slightly acidic pH level. Sandy loam soil is ideal for Gazania pinnata var. multijuga. Adding organic material like compost and peat moss can improve soil fertility and drainage. The plant can also tolerate poor soil conditions, but it will not thrive in waterlogged or compacted soil.
Cultivation methods
Gazania pinnata (Thunb.) Less. var. multijuga (DC.) Harv. is a hardy and resilient plant that is relatively easy to cultivate. It is adaptable to a wide range of soil types and can tolerate both full sun and partial shade conditions. This plant is typically propagated through seeds or cuttings and can be grown in pots or directly planted in the ground.
Watering needs
Gazania pinnata (Thunb.) Less. var. multijuga (DC.) Harv. prefers well-draining soil and requires moderate watering. It is important to avoid overwatering the plant, as this can lead to root rot. The plant can withstand some drought conditions, but it is essential to keep an eye on the soil moisture levels and adjust watering accordingly.
Fertilization
Gazania pinnata (Thunb.) Less. var. multijuga (DC.) Harv. benefits from periodic fertilization during the growing season. A balanced fertilizer with equal amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium can be applied every four to six weeks to promote healthy growth and vibrant flowers. It is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and avoid over-fertilizing, which can cause nutrient burn and harm the plant.
Pruning
Gazania pinnata (Thunb.) Less. var. multijuga (DC.) Harv. does not require extensive pruning, but occasional deadheading can help promote new growth and prolong the blooming period. Removing spent flowers and damaged or diseased leaves will also help keep the plant healthy and prevent the spread of pests or diseases. Trimming back the plant after the blooming period is over can help prepare it for the next growing season and promote a more compact and tidy appearance.
Propagation of Gazania Pinnata var. Multijuga
Gazania pinnata var. multijuga, commonly known as treasure flower, is a beautiful ornamental plant that is native to South Africa. It is a hardy and low-maintenance plant that can be easily propagated through various methods.
Propagation by Seeds
The most common way of propagating this plant is through seeds. The seeds should be collected from fully matured flower heads that have turned brown. These seeds can be sown directly into the soil or in seed trays filled with a well-drained potting mix. The seeds should be covered with a thin layer of soil and kept moist until they germinate in 2-4 weeks.
Propagation by Cuttings
Gazania pinnata var. multijuga can also be propagated from cuttings. This method is particularly useful if you want to propagate a specific cultivar. Cuttings should be taken from the plant during the active growing season. The cuttings should be about 10cm long and taken from healthy and disease-free plants. The lower leaves should be removed, and the cutting should be dipped in rooting hormone before being planted in well-drained soil. The soil should be kept slightly moist, and the cutting should be placed in a shaded area until roots have developed.
Propagation by Division
Gazania pinnata var. multijuga can also be propagated by division. This method involves separating the plant into smaller clumps, each with their set of roots. This is best done during the early spring or fall when the plant is not in active growth. The clump should be dug out of the soil and gently teased apart using a sharp knife or garden fork. These divisions should be replanted in well-drained soil and kept slightly moist until they establish themselves.
With these propagation methods, it is easy to increase your stock of Gazania pinnata var. multijuga and enjoy their beautiful blooms throughout your garden.
Disease and Pest Management for Gazania pinnata var. multijuga
Gazania pinnata var. multijuga is generally a low-maintenance plant, but like any other plant, it can also get affected by diseases and pests. To ensure the optimal health and growth of the plant, it is important to understand and address any issues related to diseases and pests.
Common Diseases
Gazania pinnata var. multijuga can be prone to certain fungal diseases such as:
- Leaf Spot: This disease appears as small, water-soaked spots that later develop into larger, brown circular spots with yellow halos.
- Root Rot: This disease occurs due to overwatering or poorly drained soil. The plant's roots start to rot and turn brown or black, leading to the death of the plant.
To manage these diseases, it is crucial to remove any infected leaves or plants and avoid overhead watering. Fungicides can also be used to prevent the spread of the disease.
Common Pests
Gazania pinnata var. multijuga can also be affected by several pests such as:
- Aphids: These tiny insects usually cluster on the undersides of leaves and suck the plant sap, which can cause the plant to wilt or die.
- Spider Mites: These pests are also very small and can cause the leaves to turn yellow or mottled. They can be controlled by spraying the plants with water or insecticidal soap.
To manage these pests, it is important to monitor the plants regularly and remove any infected or infested leaves. Insecticides can also be used, but it is crucial to read and follow the instructions carefully to prevent any harm to the plant or the environment.
