Introduction
Funastrum cynanchoides (Dcne.) Schlechter ssp. cynanchoides is a species of flowering plant belonging to the family Apocynaceae. It is commonly known as the climbing milkweed vine due to its climbing habit and the milky sap it exudes when cut.Origin
This species is native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. It is found in desert and semi-desert regions, usually growing in sandy or gravelly soils.Appearance
The climbing milkweed vine can grow up to 10 feet long. It has slender, pubescent stems that twine and climb over rocks and shrubs. The leaves are opposite and lance-shaped, about 1-2 inches long. The small flowers are white to pink and appear in clusters from June to October. The fruit is a slender, cylindrical pod that splits open to release numerous seeds attached to silky hairs.Uses
The Native American tribes in Southwestern U.S have traditionally used this plant for medicinal purposes. The sap of the plant was applied topically to treat skin conditions like warts, ringworm, and scabies. The dried latex was used as a purgative to treat constipation and as a emetic to induce vomiting. In conclusion, Funastrum cynanchoides (Dcne.) Schlechter ssp. cynanchoides is a species of flowering plant that is commonly known as the climbing milkweed vine. It is native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, and is typically found in desert and semi-desert regions. The plant has slender stems that climb over rocks and shrubs, and produces small white to pink flowers and cylindrical pods containing numerous seeds. The plant has been traditionally used for medicinal purposes by Native American tribes in the Southwestern U.S.Light requirements
Funastrum cynanchoides typically grows in areas with full or partial sun exposure. This plant prefers an environment where it can receive at least six to eight hours of direct sunlight daily.
Temperature requirements
This plant species is found in regions with a wide range of temperatures but prefers areas with a warm and relatively dry climate. The optimal temperature range for Funastrum cynanchoides is between 60°F to 95°F (15°C to 35°C).
Soil requirements
Funastrum cynanchoides prefers well-drained soils. It can grow in various soil types, including clay, sand, and loam. The soil pH range best suited for this plant is between 6.0 to 7.5, which is slightly acidic to neutral. The plant also does well in soils with good organic matter content.
Cultivation
Funastrum cynanchoides (Dcne.) Schlechter ssp. cynanchoides is a drought-tolerant plant that can grow in a variety of soils. It is advisable to plant the seeds in well-draining soils as water-logged soil could lead to root rot and eventual death of the plant. Funastrum cynanchoides (Dcne.) Schlechter ssp. cynanchoides requires full sunlight to grow to its full potential. Partial sunlight could lead to stunted growth.
Watering Needs
It is essential to water Funastrum cynanchoides (Dcne.) Schlechter ssp. cynanchoides regularly during the first few weeks after planting the seeds. However, once the plant has established roots, it can survive long periods of drought and requires infrequent watering.
Fertilization
Funastrum cynanchoides (Dcne.) Schlechter ssp. cynanchoides does not require much fertilization. It is advisable to apply a balanced fertilizer once a month during the growing season, starting in the spring until early fall. Applying too much fertilizer in excess could potentially cause damage to the plant.
Pruning
Funastrum cynanchoides (Dcne.) Schlechter ssp. cynanchoides doesn't need pruning. However, to maintain its shape, you can prune to remove damaged stems and branches. Additionally, removing dead or damaged limbs will prevent pests and diseases from spreading. Pruning is best done during the early spring when the plant is not in full growth mode.
Propagation of Funastrum cynanchoides ssp. cynanchoides
Funastrum cynanchoides ssp. cynanchoides, commonly known as the "climbing milkweed," can be propagated through various methods, such as seed propagation, stem cuttings, and division.
Seed Propagation
Seed propagation is the most common method used for Funastrum cynanchoides ssp. cynanchoides. The seeds are relatively easy to collect and germinate. The best time to collect the seeds is in late fall when the pods are mature and have cracked open. Collect the seed pods and allow them to dry completely before extracting the seeds. The seeds can be stored in a cool, dry place until they are ready to be sown.
The seeds can be sown indoors in late winter or early spring in seed-starting trays or outdoors directly in the ground after the last frost. Sow the seeds about 1/8 inch deep and keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. The seeds should germinate within 2 to 3 weeks. Once the seedlings have developed their second set of leaves, they can be transplanted into individual pots or directly into the garden.
Stem Cuttings
Funastrum cynanchoides ssp. cynanchoides can also be propagated through stem cuttings. Take 4 to 6-inch cuttings from the plant in late spring or early summer. Strip the leaves from the bottom half of the stem and dip the cut end in rooting hormone. Insert the cutting into a pot filled with a well-draining potting mix and keep it moist. The cutting should root within 2 to 3 weeks. Once it has developed a good root system, it can be transplanted into the garden.
Division
Division is another method of propagating Funastrum cynanchoides ssp. cynanchoides. This method is best done in the spring before new growth starts. Dig up the plant and gently separate the roots into smaller sections, making sure each section has some healthy foliage and root system. Replant the sections in a well-draining soil mix and water thoroughly. The new divisions should start to grow within a few weeks.
Overall, Funastrum cynanchoides ssp. cynanchoides is an easy plant to propagate through seed, stem cuttings, or division. With proper care and attention, you can quickly increase the number of plants in your garden.
Disease Management
Funastrum cynanchoides (Dcne.) Schlechter ssp. cynanchoides is generally a hardy plant that is not prone to many diseases. However, there are a few diseases that can affect the plant, such as:
- Leaf spot
- Powdery mildew
- Root rot
To manage these diseases, it is important to remove any infected plant material and keep the soil and surrounding area clean. Avoid overhead watering and ensure good air circulation around the plant. Fungicides may also be used, but it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully.
Pest Management
Funastrum cynanchoides (Dcne.) Schlechter ssp. cynanchoides is generally not affected by many pests either, but there are a few that may cause problems, such as:
- Aphids
- Caterpillars
- Spider mites
To manage these pests, it is important to identify the problem early and take action quickly. This may involve introducing natural predators, such as ladybugs, or using insecticidal soap or neem oil. It is important to follow dosage and application instructions carefully to avoid damaging the plant or harming beneficial insects.
