Overview of Fagus Sylvatica L. var. Atropunicea Weston
Fagus sylvatica L. var. atropunicea Weston is commonly known as the copper beech or purple beech. It is a variety of the European beech tree that belongs to the Fagaceae family. The plant is known for its unique, deep purple foliage that stands out in any landscape.
Appearance of Fagus Sylvatica L. var. Atropunicea Weston
The copper beech is a medium-sized deciduous tree that can grow up to 25 meters. It has a pyramidal shape in its youth, which matures into a broad, rounded crown with age. The leaves of Fagus sylvatica L. var. atropunicea Weston are oval-shaped, with a sharp tip and a slightly wavy edge. The leaves are copper-colored when they first appear in the spring, gradually becoming darker throughout the season. During the fall, the leaves turn a vivid deep purple color that makes them stand out from the crowd.
Origin of Fagus Sylvatica L. var. Atropunicea Weston
The copper beech is native to Europe and was introduced to North America in the 1700s. It is a popular choice for decorative landscaping due to its striking foliage.
Uses of Fagus Sylvatica L. var. Atropunicea Weston
The copper beech has a variety of uses. One of the most common uses is as an ornamental tree in landscaping, parks, and gardens. The deep purple foliage provides a stunning contrast to greenery and makes a great centerpiece. Additionally, the wood of the copper beech is highly valued for its durability and is often used in furniture and carpentry.
In conclusion, Fagus sylvatica L. var. atropunicea Weston is a unique and beautiful tree variety that stands out in any landscape. Its deep purple foliage makes it a popular choice for ornamental purposes, and its wood is highly valued for its strength and durability. If you're looking for a stunning centerpiece for your property, the copper beech is an excellent choice.Light Requirements
Fagus sylvatica L. var. atropunicea Weston thrives in full to partial sunlight. It requires a minimum of 4 hours of direct sunlight each day to grow well. The plant is capable of tolerating some shade but may not reach its full potential in such conditions. The amount of sunlight dictates the intensity of the plant's leaf colour, with brighter light resulting in darker foliage.
Temperature Requirements
The plant prefers a warm temperate climate, and it can withstand fluctuations in temperature ranging between -26 and 40°C. While the plant may survive brief periods of frost, it is not entirely frost-resistant. The optimal temperature range for Fagus sylvatica L. var. atropunicea Weston growth is between 15-20°C, with average temperatures higher than this providing the most favourable conditions for growth.
Soil Requirements
Fagus sylvatica L. var. atropunicea Weston prefers well-drained soil and a pH level ranging between 5-7.5. The soil should be rich in nutrients and mildly acidic, but not too alkaline. The plant prefers to grow in moist soils and can tolerate some drought conditions; however, drought stress may damage the plant's leaves and cause them to wither and fall off.
Cultivation methods
Fagus sylvatica L. var. atropunicea Weston, commonly known as the copper beech or purple beech, thrives well in well-draining, loamy soils with pH range between 6 and 7.5. It is recommended to plant it in a location with full sun exposure or partial shade. Planting holes must be dug to correspond with the size of the root ball. The depth of the hole must be the same as that of the root ball. After planting, the soil must be gently firmed around the base of the tree.
Watering needs
While copper beech is drought tolerant, young transplants require irrigation to get established. After planting, the soil around the base of the tree must be watered deeply and frequently to keep the root-ball well moist. The frequency of watering can be reduced gradually as the tree matures and requires less frequent watering. Overwatering must be avoided as it can lead to root rot and other soil-borne diseases.
Fertilization
Copper beech requires fertilizers to support its growth and coloration. Fertilization must be done in early spring before bud break and in fall after leaf drop. A 10-6-4 NPK formulation or organic fertilizers must be used at the base of the tree, and it must be watered deeply after application. Overfertilization must be avoided as it can lead to excessive growth and can affect the tree's coloration and overall health.
Pruning
Pruning is essential for the overall health and shape of the copper beech. It must be done during the dormant season (winter). Regular pruning helps to clear out dead branches, promotes air circulation and sunlight penetration, and improves the overall shape of the tree. The pruning tools must be disinfected before use to avoid cross-contamination and the spread of diseases. Heavy pruning to reshape the tree must be avoided as it can lead to reduced vigor and growth in the following year.
Propagation of Fagus sylvatica L. var. atropunicea Weston
Fagus sylvatica L. var. atropunicea Weston, commonly known as the purple beech tree, can be propagated in several ways. It is important to note that only vegetative propagation is recommended, as seed propagation may result in offspring with characteristics of the parent tree but not necessarily the same vibrant purple color.
Softwood Stem Cuttings
One method of propagating the purple beech tree is through softwood stem cuttings. This involves taking cuttings in early summer, when the wood is still soft and pliable, and using rooting hormone to promote root growth. Cuttings should be between 4 and 6 inches long, and all leaves should be removed except for the top few. Cuttings should be placed in a soilless mix and kept in a warm, humid environment until roots develop, which may take 6-8 weeks.
Air Layering
Air layering is another propagation method that can be used for the purple beech tree. This involves selecting a healthy branch on the parent tree, making a small cut in the bark, and applying rooting hormone. A small amount of sphagnum moss is packed around the wound, and then the area is covered in plastic wrap to create a humid environment. Roots will develop at the base of the moss, and the newly rooted branch can be cut from the parent tree and planted in a new location.
Grafting
Grafting is also a viable propagation method for the purple beech tree. This involves taking a cutting from the desired tree, called the scion, and attaching it to the rootstock of a different tree. The two pieces must be matched as closely as possible in diameter, and the cut surfaces must be aligned precisely. The graft should then be wrapped tightly with grafting tape to hold it in place and promote healing. Grafting produces trees that are true to the parent tree and can also be used to create unique cultivars.
Disease and Pest Management for Fagus sylvatica L. var. atropunicea Weston
Fagus sylvatica L. var. atropunicea Weston, commonly known as the Purple beech, is a popular ornamental tree valued for its striking purple foliage. Unfortunately, like all plants, it is prone to diseases and pests that can damage its health and appearance. Effective disease and pest management practices can help maintain the health and beauty of your Purple beech.
Common Diseases
Several diseases can affect the Purple beech, including:
- Beech leaf disease: This is a new disease that has been affecting beech trees in North America. It causes dark striping and curling of leaves, and can lead to decline and death of the tree. There is no known cure for this disease, so prevention is the best management strategy. Avoid planting Purple beeches near infected trees and clean pruning tools between cuts.
- Root rot: This is caused by soil-borne fungi that attack the roots of the tree, leading to yellowing leaves, reduced growth, and eventual death. Prevent root rot by ensuring proper drainage and avoiding over-watering.
- Powdery mildew: This fungal disease is characterized by a white, powdery coating on the leaves, stems, and flowers. It can cause stunted growth and reduced flowering. Management options for powdery mildew include planting resistant cultivars, providing proper air circulation, and using fungicidal sprays.
Common Pests
Several pests can affect the Purple beech, including:
- Aphids: These small, sap-sucking insects can cause curling and distortion of leaves, as well as the production of honeydew that attracts other pests. Aphids can be controlled by natural predators like ladybugs, as well as insecticidal sprays.
- Cankerworms: These caterpillars can skeletonize leaves and defoliate trees. They can be controlled with insecticidal sprays or sticky bands around the trunks of trees.
- Mites: These tiny insects can cause yellowing and bronzing of leaves, as well as webbing on the undersides of leaves. They can be controlled with horticultural oils, insecticidal soaps, or predatory mites.
Overall, the key to effective disease and pest management for the Purple beech is vigilance. Regularly inspect your tree for signs of damage or infestation, and take action promptly to prevent further damage. With proper care, your Purple beech can thrive for many years to come.
