Exomicrum dewevrei: Overview
Exomicrum dewevrei, also known as Tieghemella dewevrei, is a species of plant in the family Sapotaceae. This plant is commonly found in tropical regions of Central and West Africa, including countries like Cameroon, Gabon, and Equatorial Guinea.
Appearance
Exomicrum dewevrei is a tall and slender tree that can grow up to 30 meters in height. The trunk is straight and cylindrical, with a diameter of up to 1 meter. The bark is smooth and greyish-brown in color. The leaves are simple, alternate, elliptical, and glossy, measuring about 15 to 25 centimeters in length and 5 to 10 centimeters in width.
The flowers of Exomicrum dewevrei are small, white, and tubular, measuring about 1 centimeter in length. They are arranged in clusters at the tips of branches. The fruit is a berry that is green when unripe and turns yellow when ripe. It measures about 5 to 6 centimeters in length and 3 to 4 centimeters in width and contains several seeds.
Uses
Exomicrum dewevrei has many uses in traditional medicine in Africa. The bark and leaves are used to treat a variety of ailments, including malaria, fever, diarrhea, and stomach ache. The fruit is also edible and is often used to make jams and jellies. In addition, the wood of Exomicrum dewevrei is highly valued for its durability and is used in construction, furniture making, and carving.
The plant also plays an important ecological role in its native habitat. The fruit attracts a variety of animals, including bats, monkeys, and birds, which help to disperse the seeds. The tree is also used as a shade tree and for soil conservation in agroforestry systems.
Light
Exomicrum dewevrei requires bright light for optimal growth. The plant can tolerate some shade but must receive direct sunlight for at least a few hours each day. Too much shade can result in stunted growth or weak stems.
Temperature
The plant is native to tropical regions and prefers warm temperatures ranging from 20°C to 30°C. Temperatures below 15°C can cause the plant to suffer from cold stress, leading to damage or death.
Soil
Exomicrum dewevrei prefers well-draining and well-aerated soil. It grows best in soil with a pH ranging from 5 to 6.5, which is slightly acidic. The plant is drought-resistant and can tolerate soil with low water retention, but it prefers soil that is moist but not waterlogged.
Cultivation methods
Exomicrum dewevrei is a delicate plant that requires a lot of attention when it comes to cultivation. One crucial factor to consider is the soil type. This plant thrives well in well-draining, loamy soil with a pH of 5.0 to 6.5. You should also ensure that you plant in a shaded spot that is protected from direct sun rays, which may fade the foliage.
Watering needs
When it comes to watering, Exomicrum dewevrei needs frequent but light watering. You should ensure that the soil is evenly moist but not waterlogged. Over-watering can cause root rot, which can be fatal to the plant.
Fertilization
Exomicrum dewevrei thrive well in soil that is rich in organic matter. You can use a slow-release fertilizer every three to four months, which will provide the necessary nutrients to the plant. However, avoid overfeeding the plant as excess fertilizer can lead to salt build-up in the soil, which will damage the plant.
Pruning
Pruning is essential in maintaining the plant's shape and health. It is advisable to prune during the growing season when the plant is actively growing. You can trim the plant using pruning shears to remove dead or diseased leaves and stems. Also, prune to remove branches that are crossing or rubbing each other as they may cause damage or injury to the plant.
Propagation of Exomicrum dewevrei
Exomicrum dewevrei is a rare tree species that is known for its medicinal properties. It is commonly found in the tropical rainforests of Africa, specifically in Cameroon, Congo and Gabon. The plant can be propagated through seeds and cuttings.
Propagation by Seeds
Propagation by seeds is the most common method of propagating Exomicrum dewevrei. The seeds are small and black, and they are usually dispersed by wind or birds. The seeds can be collected from the plant when they are mature and then planted in suitable soil. The best time to plant the seeds is during the rainy season when the soil is moist. The seeds should be planted at a depth of 1-2 cm and watered regularly. Germination usually occurs within 2-3 months.
Propagation by Cuttings
Propagation by cuttings is another method of propagating Exomicrum dewevrei. The cuttings are taken from mature and healthy trees during the growing season. The cuttings should be about 15-20 cm in length and should have at least 2-3 nodes. The bottom end of the cutting should be treated with a rooting hormone and then planted in a suitable soil mix. The soil should be kept moist, and the cuttings should be placed in a shaded area. Rooting usually occurs within 1-2 months, after which the cuttings can be transplanted to their final location.
Disease and Pest Management for Exomicrum dewevrei
Exomicrum dewevrei is a tropical plant that is susceptible to several pests and diseases. Proper management is necessary to maintain the plant's health and vitality. Here are some common pests and diseases that affect Exomicrum dewevrei and ways to manage them:
Diseases:
Leaf spot disease: This disease is caused by the fungus Cercospora sp. It appears as small, circular spots on the leaves that grow in size and become brownish-gray with time. To manage this disease, remove the infected leaves and destroy them. Applying a fungicide can also help control the spread of the disease.
Anthracnose: This disease is caused by the fungus Colletotrichum sp. It appears as small, dark spots on the leaves, stems, and fruits, which enlarge and turn blackish-brown. Infected plant parts should be removed and destroyed immediately. To prevent future occurrences, use clean and disease-free planting material, avoid overhead watering, and practice good sanitation.
Root rot: This disease is caused by soil-borne fungi and is characterized by the wilting, yellowing, and death of the plant. Plants that are already infected should be removed and destroyed. To prevent root rot, avoid over-watering, use well-draining soil, and sterilize your planting material and tools before use.
Pests:
Mealybugs: These are tiny, white, cotton-like insects that suck the sap of the plant. They lead to the yellowing and weakening of the plant. To control mealybugs, use a solution of water and mild soap to clean the plant's leaves and stems. Alternatively, neem oil or insecticidal soap can also be used.
Mites: These are tiny insects that cause damage to the plant by sucking its sap and creating webs on the plant's underside. Regularly cleaning the plant with soap and water and directing a forceful stream of water on the underside of the leaves can help eliminate mites. In severe cases, an insecticide spray may be used.
Scale insects: These pests attach themselves to the plant's stems and leaves and suck its sap. They pose a significant risk to the plant's health and vitality. To control scale insects, use a soft brush to gently scrape them off the plant's surface or use insecticidal soap and apply directly on the pest to kill them.
By following these pest and disease management practices, you'll ensure your Exomicrum dewevrei remains healthy and free from pests and diseases.
