Origin
Ethulia bicostata M.G.Gilbert subsp. meruensis M.G.Gilbert is a plant species that is indigenous to Kenya. Specifically, it is found in the Mount Kenya region and on the Aberdare Range. It grows in montane forest and bamboo thickets at an altitude between 2400 and 3400 meters above sea level.
Common Names
The plant is commonly referred to as mountain sagewort, and meru sagewort in English. In the Kikuyu language, it is known as "mukorwe wa mathu" meaning "bush of the kidneys".
Uses
Traditionally, the plant has been utilized by the local communities for medicinal purposes. The roots and aerial parts are used to cure ailments such as stomachache, diarrhea, and kidney issues. It is also used as a ritual plant by some communities.
Furthermore, the plant is an important source of food for wildlife species that inhabit the montane forests where it grows. Animals such as elephants, buffaloes, and antelopes feed on the plant.
General Appearance
Ethulia bicostata M.G.Gilbert subsp. meruensis M.G.Gilbert is an herbaceous perennial plant that grows up to 1.5 meters tall. It has a woody base and numerous branches that form a dense shrub. The leaves are simple, oblong, and are up to 21cm long and 12cm wide. They are hairy on the underside and have serrated edges.
The plant produces small white flowers that are clustered at the tips of the branches. The flowers are tubular and measure about 5mm in diameter. They usually bloom from August to October.
Growth Conditions for Ethulia bicostata M.G.Gilbert subsp. meruensis M.G.Gilbert
Ethulia bicostata M.G.Gilbert subsp. meruensis M.G.Gilbert is a perennial plant that thrives in warm, sunny areas with moderate rainfall. It belongs to the family Asteraceae and is native to Kenya.
Light Requirements
Ethulia bicostata M.G.Gilbert subsp. meruensis M.G.Gilbert prefers full sun to partial shade. It needs at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day to grow properly. Insufficient light can lead to weak, spindly growth and a lack of flowering.
Temperature Requirements
These plants prefer warm temperatures between 20°C and 30°C. They can tolerate moderately cold temperatures but are not cold-hardy. Temperatures below 10°C can harm the plant and cause it to die.
Soil Requirements
Ethulia bicostata M.G.Gilbert subsp. meruensis M.G.Gilbert grows well in well-drained soils that are slightly acidic to neutral. The soil should be fertile, moist but not waterlogged, and rich in organic matter. The ideal pH range for this plant is between 6 and 7.
It is recommended to amend soil with organic matter such as compost before planting to improve soil texture and fertility. Mulching around the plants can also help retain moisture in the soil, especially during hot and dry conditions.
Cultivation methods
When cultivating Ethulia bicostata M.G.Gilbert subsp. meruensis M.G.Gilbert, it is important to plant them in well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. The ideal planting time is during spring or autumn when temperatures are mild. As these plants are native to semi-arid regions, they prefer a warm and dry climate.
Watering needs
Ethulia bicostata M.G.Gilbert subsp. meruensis M.G.Gilbert require moderate watering during the growing season. They should be watered only when the soil is dry to the touch, taking care not to overwater as this can lead to root rot. During the dormant season, they should be watered very sparingly.
Fertilization
These plants require fertilization during the growing season to promote healthy growth and flowering. A balanced fertilizer with an N-P-K ratio of 10-10-10 or 20-20-20 can be used, depending on the age of the plant and its specific nutritional needs. It is recommended to fertilize these plants every two to three weeks.
Pruning
Ethulia bicostata M.G.Gilbert subsp. meruensis M.G.Gilbert require pruning to maintain their shape and encourage bushy growth. Pruning should be done during the dormant season by removing any dead, diseased or damaged stems. To stimulate growth, pruning should be done in early spring by cutting back the stems to half their length, taking care to leave some buds intact. As these plants tend to become leggy over time, pruning can help rejuvenate them.
Propagation of Ethulia bicostata M.G.Gilbert subsp. meruensis M.G.Gilbert
Ethulia bicostata M.G.Gilbert subsp. meruensis M.G.Gilbert can be propagated by the following methods:
Seed propagation
The plant can be propagated by seeds, which should be collected when they are ripe and sown in a well-draining soil mixture in a pot or seed tray. The seeds should be covered lightly with soil. They need to be kept moist and warm, with a temperature range of 20-25°C. Germination is usually within 2-4 weeks. Seedlings should be transplanted to individual pots once they have developed 2-4 leaves.
Vegetative propagation
Ethulia bicostata M.G.Gilbert subsp. meruensis M.G.Gilbert can also be propagated vegetatively by taking stem cuttings. Cuttings should be taken in spring or summer when the plant is actively growing. Cuttings of 7-10 cm length should be taken from the new growth and should have at least 2-3 leaves. The lower leaves should be removed, and the cuttings should be dipped in rooting hormone powder to aid rooting. The cuttings should then be planted in a well-draining soil mixture and kept moist and warm. The cuttings should root within 4-6 weeks and can be transplanted to individual pots.
Disease and Pest Management for Ethulia bicostata M.G.Gilbert subsp. meruensis M.G.Gilbert
Ethulia bicostata M.G.Gilbert subsp. meruensis M.G.Gilbert is a hardy perennial that is resistant to many diseases and pests. However, there are a few common pests and diseases that can affect the plant, including:
Pests
Aphids: These small pests suck sap from the leaves and stems of the plant, causing distortion and yellowing of leaves. They can be controlled by spraying with a solution of water and soap or neem oil.
Spider Mites: These pests are a common problem for Ethulia bicostata M.G.Gilbert subsp. meruensis M.G.Gilbert. They cause yellowing of the leaves, and the affected leaves usually have a stippled appearance. They can be controlled by spraying with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Whiteflies: These pests are small, flying insects that can quickly infest a plant. They feed on the sap of the plant, causing yellowing and wilting of leaves. They can be controlled by spraying with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Diseases
Root Rot: This disease is caused by the fungus Phytophthora cinnamomi, which attacks the roots of the plant. Symptoms include wilting, yellowing of leaves, and stunted growth. It can be prevented by ensuring that the soil is well-draining, and by not over-watering the plant.
Crown Rot: This disease is also caused by the fungus Phytophthora cinnamomi. It affects the stem of the plant, causing it to rot and eventually collapse. It can be prevented by ensuring that the soil is well-draining and by not over-watering the plant.
Powdery Mildew: This fungal disease can affect the leaves of the plant, causing a white, powdery coating. It can be controlled by spraying with a solution of water and baking soda, or by using a fungicide.
Regular monitoring of Ethulia bicostata M.G.Gilbert subsp. meruensis M.G.Gilbert, along with good cultural practices, such as removing dead or diseased plant material, can help prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases. Proper identification of pests or diseases is also important to determine the most effective management approach.
