Origin and Common Names
Erysimum suffrutescens (Abrams) G. Rossb. is a flowering plant species native to California in the United States. It is commonly known as California wallflower, dwarf western wallflower, or autumnal wallflower. It is a member of the mustard family (Brassicaceae).
Uses
Erysimum suffrutescens is mainly used as an ornamental garden plant due to its attractive flowers. The plant is drought-resistant and thrives in full sun to partial shade. Its flowers bloom from spring to fall and attract pollinators such as bees and butterflies. The plant also yields a fragrant scent, making it a popular choice for landscaping and floral arrangements.
General Appearance
Erysimum suffrutescens is a low-growing perennial herb with woody stems that can reach a height of 1.5 feet. The plant has a bushy and compact habit, forming a dense mat of foliage. Its leaves are narrow and lance-shaped, with a bluish-green color. The flowers of Erysimum suffrutescens are bright yellow or orange, and they grow in clusters at the ends of the stems. Each flower has four petals and a distinctive spicy scent. The plant can tolerate a wide range of soil types but prefers well-draining soil, and it is easy to grow and maintain.
Light Requirements
Erysimum suffrutescens typically thrives in full sun or partial shade conditions. They require ample light and warm temperatures to grow and flower optimally. Therefore, it should be placed in locations that receive at least 6 hours of direct sunlight or bright, indirect light.
Temperature Requirements
Erysimum suffrutescens is a hardy plant that prefers warm soil temperatures. It is a drought-tolerant plant that thrives in hot dry areas, making it an excellent choice for landscaping in arid regions. It will do well in temperatures ranging from 20 to 30 degrees Celsius but can tolerate temperatures of up to 40 degrees Celsius. During winter, the plant can survive in temperatures that are as low as -10 degrees Celsius.
Soil Requirements
Erysimum suffrutescens prefers well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. A soil pH of 6.0 to 7.5 is ideal for the plant's growth. It grows well in sandy, loamy, or rocky soils and can tolerate various soil conditions. However, it is essential to ensure that the soil is not waterlogged to prevent root rot, which can be fatal to the plant.
Cultivation methods
Erysimum suffrutescens, also called pale-yellow wallflower, is a drought-tolerant evergreen plant that grows up to 3 feet tall and wide. It prefers full sun to partial shade and well-drained soil rich in organic matter. The plant is suitable for growing in containers, as a border plant, or in rock gardens. To propagate, take softwood cuttings in spring or semi-hardwood cuttings in summer. The plant will attract butterflies and bees to your garden.
Watering needs
While Erysimum suffrutescens is drought-tolerant, young plants require regular watering to establish their root system. After that, you can reduce the frequency of watering to once or twice a week or only during prolonged dry spells. Provide enough water to moisten the top 6 inches of soil, but do not overwater as it can cause root rot and other diseases.
Fertilization
Erysimum suffrutescens is not a heavy feeder, but you can apply a balanced fertilizer, such as 10-10-10, in spring before new growth appears. Alternatively, you can use a slow-release fertilizer or compost. Be careful not to apply too much fertilizer as it can cause leggy growth, reduced flowering, and other issues.
Pruning
Pruning Erysimum suffrutescens is optional, but it can help to promote bushier growth and extend the lifespan of the plant. You can trim the plant lightly after flowering or in early spring to remove dead, diseased, or damaged branches. You can also pinch back the tips of the stem to encourage branching, or shear the plant into a compact shape. Avoid pruning too hard as it can weaken the plant and reduce its overall health.
Propagation of Erysimum suffrutescens
Erysimum suffrutescens is commonly known as the shrubby wallflower and is native to California. It is a beautiful evergreen shrub that produces a profusion of fragrant bright yellow flowers.
Seed Propagation
The most common method of propagating Erysimum suffrutescens is by seeds. Gather the seeds from the plant when the seed pods turn brown and are fully dry. Sow the seeds in seed-starting mix in spring or fall and keep the soil moist until germination takes place. Once seedlings have grown several leaves, transplant them into individual pots and when the roots emerge from the bottom of the pot, transfer the plants into their final location.
Cuttings Propagation
Another method of propagation is through cuttings. This method works best in late spring or early summer. Cut 3-4 inch long stem cuttings, just below a node. Remove leaves from the lower half of the stem and dip it into rooting hormone. Stick the stem cutting into a pot filled with potting mix and keep the soil moist. Place the pot with the cutting in indirect sunlight. The cutting should develop roots within several weeks. Transplant the cutting to a larger pot as necessary and eventually into its final location in the garden once it has established a root system.
Division Propagation
Erysimum suffrutescens can also be propagated by division. This method is best done in spring or fall. Dig up the entire plant and divide it into sections by gently pulling apart the root system. Each section should have roots and healthy shoots. Replant each division separately into individual pots or directly into the garden. Keep the soil moist until the plants have established a root system, then water as needed.
Overall, Erysimum suffrutescens is an easy plant to propagate. Seeds, cuttings, and division all work well and can produce beautiful shrubs for a garden or landscape.
Disease Management
Erysimum suffrutescens is a fairly disease-resistant plant, but it can sometimes fall victim to fungal diseases such as powdery mildew or Botrytis blight. Powdery mildew appears as a white or grey powdery coating on the leaves, while Botrytis blight appears as a fuzzy grey mold on the flowers and stems.
To prevent these diseases, avoid excessive watering and overcrowding of plants. Remove affected plant parts and dispose of them in the trash, not in the compost pile. If the infestation is severe, fungicides may be necessary. Follow the instructions carefully and avoid spraying during hot, dry weather.
Pest Management
The most common pests affecting Erysimum suffrutescens are aphids and flea beetles. Aphids are tiny insects that cluster on new growth and suck the sap, causing leaves to curl and yellow. Flea beetles are small, shiny black or brown beetles that chew tiny holes in the leaves.
To manage aphids, remove infested plant parts and spray the remaining plant with water to knock off the remaining insects. You can also introduce natural predators such as ladybugs or lacewings. To manage flea beetles, use row covers to protect young plants or apply an insecticidal soap directly to the leaves. Follow the instructions carefully and avoid spraying during hot, dry weather.
