Overview
Eriogonum tenellum Torr. var. tenellum is a small shrub native to North America. It belongs to the buckwheat family, Polygonaceae, and is commonly known as fragile desert wild buckwheat or fragile wild buckwheat. This species is a perennial and grows up to 15 cm in height.
Appearance
The leaves of E. tenellum var. tenellum are small, gray-green, and coated with fine hairs, giving them a fuzzy texture. The plant's small, star-shaped flowers are a pale yellow-green color and are arranged in small clusters at the tips of the branches. The flowers bloom from mid to late summer, attracting bees and other pollinators.
Uses
E. tenellum var. tenellum has been used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of ailments, including colds, flu, and stomach problems. The leaves were often brewed as a tea or chewed fresh. Rich in antioxidants and other beneficial compounds, E. tenellum var. tenellum may have potential in modern medicine as well.
In addition to its medicinal uses, E. tenellum var. tenellum is also used in ornamental gardens and landscaping. Its compact size and drought tolerance make it a popular choice for rock gardens, along borders, or as a ground cover.
Light
Eriogonum tenellum Torr. var. tenellum, commonly known as delicate buckwheat or fragile buckwheat, typically grows in full sun or partial sunlight. The plant requires at least 6 hours of sun exposure every day to thrive.
Temperature
Eriogonum tenellum Torr. var. tenellum grows best in Mediterranean climates. The plant prefers warm and dry conditions. In its native range, the temperature ranges from 60 to 85 degrees Fahrenheit in summer and from 45 to 65 degrees Fahrenheit in winter.
Soil
The plant prefers well-drained soils that are slightly acidic, with a pH range of 5.5 to 6.5. Sandy or sandy-loam soils with moderate to low levels of organic matter are ideal for delicate buckwheat. They grow best in soils with low to moderate nutrient levels.
Cultivation
When it comes to the cultivation of Eriogonum tenellum Torr. var. tenellum, it is necessary to use well-draining soils to avoid waterlogging and root rot. This plant is adapted to sandy or rocky soils with low fertility and a pH between 5.0 and 8.0. The best way to cultivate this plant is by using seeds. Sow seeds during the fall to early winter in well-prepared soil, and ensure to water them regularly until they germinate. Additionally, you can propagate this plant through stem cutting but not softwood or semi-hardwood cutting.
Watering needs
Eriogonum tenellum Torr. var. tenellum requires infrequent but deep watering. Especially during the extreme heat, this plant can survive without water for weeks. In general, water the plant when the topsoil feels dry to touch. If grown in container gardens, make sure that water draining holes are present at the bottom to avoid waterlogging and root rot.
Fertilization
Eriogonum tenellum Torr. var. tenellum is adapted to low-nutrient soils, so too much fertilizer can harm the plant. However, if your plant looks sick or dull, you can add a balanced slow-release fertilizer once a year during the active growing season. Avoid using synthetic fertilizers, as these can contribute to nutrient leaching, soil acidity, and harmful impacts on the environment.
Pruning
Eriogonum tenellum Torr. var. tenellum seldom requires pruning. You can only prune this plant to stimulate bushier growth and to remove dead or damaged branches. Use disinfected pruning shears to cut the branch on the eye that faces outwards. Avoid pruning more than a third of the plant at once. Additionally, shear off any old blooms during the active growing season to promote more extended and vibrant blooming.
Propagation:
There are two main methods of propagating Eriogonum tenellum Torr. var. tenellum: by seed and by cuttings. Both methods have their advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of which one to use depends on various factors, including the resources available and the desired outcome.
Propagation by seed:
Propagation by seed is the most common method of propagating Eriogonum tenellum Torr. var. tenellum. Collecting seed from the wild is not recommended due to potential negative effects on wild populations. Instead, seed can be obtained from reputable sources, such as local nurseries or seed banks. Stratification of the seed by refrigeration or sowing in late fall or early winter can increase germination rates. Seedlings can be transplanted into pots or directly into the ground.
Propagation by cuttings:
Propagation by cuttings is another method of propagating Eriogonum tenellum Torr. var. tenellum. Cuttings can be taken from softwood or semi-hardwood stems in the spring or summer, or hardwood stems in the fall or winter. The cuttings should be at least four inches long and include a few leaves. The cuttings can be dipped in rooting hormone to increase the chance of success and then planted in a well-draining potting mix. Keeping the cuttings moist and out of direct sunlight can improve rooting success.
Disease Management
Eriogonums are generally resistant to diseases, but there are still some common ones that can affect them. The most prevalent fungal diseases are powdery mildew and rust. They can be identified by the white or brown spots on the leaves, stems, and flowers. In severe cases, the leaves may turn yellow and fall off the plant.
To manage these diseases, it's essential to provide good air circulation around the plant and avoid overhead watering. To help prevent powdery mildew, you can apply a sulfur-based fungicide to the plant. For rust, you can prune infected areas and dispose of them properly. In some cases, fungicides might be helpful, but it's essential to read the label carefully and follow the instructions.
Pest Management
Eriogonums attract several pests, but not all of them cause significant harm. Some of the most common pests that can affect these plants are spider mites, leafhoppers, and aphids.
Spider mites are tiny, and they usually feed on the undersides of the leaves. They cause yellowish dots or brownish specks on the leaves, and in severe cases, they can cause the leaves to turn brown and fall off. To manage spider mites, you can use insecticidal soap or a strong spray of water to dislodge them.
Leafhoppers are small insects that feed on the plant's sap, causing yellow speckling on the leaves. They can transmit diseases to the plant and weaken its overall health. To manage leafhoppers, you can use insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Aphids are small insects that suck the sap from the plant, causing distorted and stunted growth. They can also transmit diseases and attract other pests like ants. To manage aphids, you can use insecticidal soap, neem oil, or a strong spray of water. Beneficial insects like ladybugs and lacewings can also help control aphid populations.
It's important to monitor the plant regularly to detect any pest infestations early. Integrated pest management, which combines various control methods, can be helpful in managing pests effectively while minimizing harm to beneficial insects and the environment.
