Overview
Eriogonum mohavense S. Wats. ssp. ampullaceum (J.T. Howell) S. Stokes, commonly known as the Amargosa wild buckwheat or Amargosa eriogonum, is a species of flowering plant that belongs to the Polygonaceae family. It is an herbaceous perennial that is native to the western United States. The plant is mainly found in the Mojave Desert and Amargosa Valley of California, and the southernmost parts of Nevada.
Common Names
The Amargosa wild buckwheat is known by several common names, including Amargosa eriogonum, Amargosa buckwheat, wild buckwheat, and Mojave buckwheat in reference to its natural habitat in the Mojave Desert.
Appearance
The Eriogonum mohavense S. Wats. ssp. ampullaceum is a small perennial plant, growing up to 1-2 feet tall. It features a woody base with numerous slender stems that branch out near the base. The stems are covered with fine white hairs and have a reddish-brown color near the base. The leaves of the plant are small, narrow, and have a folded appearance, and are a dark green color. The flowers grow in dense clusters at the top of the stem and have a white to pink color, turning a rusty red color as they age.
Uses
The Amargosa eriogonum has some medicinal properties. Some native tribes have used the plant's roots and leaves to treat stomach problems, coughs, colds, and fever. The plant also has some ecological uses such as a food and habitat source for several animals, including bees, moths, and butterflies. Landscapers also use the plant in drought-tolerant, native plant gardens due to its low water requirements.
Light Requirements
Eriogonum mohavense ssp. ampullaceum prefers full sun exposure. It thrives in areas where it receives at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight per day. Plants that do not get enough sunlight will grow weak and spindly, ultimately resulting in poor flowering and reduced vigor.
Temperature Requirements
This plant is adapted to the harsh climate of the Mojave Desert and can tolerate a wide range of temperatures. It can grow in temperatures ranging from 20 to 40°C (68-104°F). However, it prefers mild temperatures ranging from 15 to 30°C (59-86°F).
Soil Requirements
Eriogonum mohavense ssp. ampullaceum requires well-draining soil with a pH of about 6 to 8. It is adapted to soils that are nutrient-poor, rocky, and sandy, and can thrive in soils with low water-holding capacity. The plant is tolerant of saline soils but does not tolerate waterlogged soils.
It is also important to note that this plant is susceptible to root rot, so it is best to avoid heavy, poorly drained soils and to avoid overwatering.
Cultivation Methods
Eriogonum mohavense S. Wats. ssp. ampullaceum (J.T. Howell) S. Stokes, commonly known as the Cushenbury buckwheat, is a hardy plant that thrives in arid conditions. It is native to the southwestern United States and can grow in varied soil conditions, from sandy to rocky terrain. This drought-resistant plant requires full sun exposure to grow well. It can be propagated through seeds or stem cuttings and can be grown in containers or directly in the ground.
Watering Needs
While the Cushenbury buckwheat is a drought-resistant plant, it requires occasional watering during the growing season. It is important to note that overwatering can cause root rot and damage the plant. The best time to water the plant is early in the morning or late in the afternoon when the sun is not too strong. It is recommended to water deeply, allowing water to penetrate the soil around the roots.
Fertilization
Fertilizing the Cushenbury buckwheat is not necessary. In fact, over-fertilizing can damage the plant's root system. However, if the soil in which the plant is growing is poor in nutrients, it can benefit from a light application of low-nitrogen fertilizer in the spring. It is essential to use a balanced, slow-release fertilizer to avoid burning the plant's roots.
Pruning
The Cushenbury buckwheat requires little pruning. Its natural growth habit is to form a neat mound that does not need shaping. However, if the plant becomes too leggy, it can benefit from periodic pruning. Pruning should be done after the plant has finished flowering. Only the tips of the branches should be pruned back, and care should be taken not to cut into the woody parts of the plant. Pruning encourages the growth of new shoots and stimulates the production of more flowers.
Propagation of Eriogonum mohavense S. Wats. ssp. ampullaceum (J.T. Howell) S. Stokes
Eriogonum mohavense S. Wats. ssp. ampullaceum (J.T. Howell) S. Stokes, commonly known as Cushenbury buckwheat, can be propagated by seed or through vegetative means such as cuttings.
Propagation by Seed
The most common propagation method for Eriogonum mohavense is through seed. Seeds can be collected from mature plants in the fall when the seed capsules have turned brown. The seeds need to be cleaned and stored in a dry place until planting in the spring. The seeds can be sown directly into the soil or started in pots. It is recommended to lightly cover the seeds with a layer of soil and keep it moist until germination occurs. The seeds usually take 1-2 weeks to germinate.
Propagation by Cuttings
Propagation of Eriogonum mohavense through cuttings can also be successful. Cuttings can be taken from new growth at the beginning of the growing season. After removing the leaves, dip the cuttings in a rooting hormone then plant it in soil. Place the cutting in indirect light and keep the soil moist until roots develop.
Disease Management for Eriogonum mohavense S. Wats. ssp. ampullaceum
Eriogonum mohavense S. Wats. ssp. ampullaceum is known for its disease-resistant nature. However, occasionally, it might be susceptible to some diseases due to environmental stress or human mishandling. Hence, it is essential to inspect the plants regularly to identify the diseases early and take appropriate measures to prevent their spread.
One of the common diseases that Eriogonum mohavense S. Wats. ssp. ampullaceum might face is powdery mildew. Powdery mildew results in the formation of white, powdery patches on the leaves and stems. It is essential to use preventive measures like avoiding overhead irrigation or planting in a well-ventilated area to avoid powdery mildew. Fungicides like sulfur or potassium bicarbonate spray can be used to manage the spread of powdery mildew.
Another disease that Eriogonum mohavense S. Wats. ssp. ampullaceum might face is root rot, which results from overwatering or poorly-drained soil. Improving soil drainage and avoiding overwatering can help in managing root rot. Fungicides like hydrogen peroxide or copper hydroxide can be used to control root rot.
Pest Management for Eriogonum mohavense S. Wats. ssp. ampullaceum
Eriogonum mohavense S. Wats. ssp. ampullaceum is generally non-palatable to most pests. However, some pests might feed on the leaves or stems, causing damage to the plants. Hence, it is essential to inspect the plants regularly to identify pests early and take appropriate measures to prevent their spread.
One of the common pests that Eriogonum mohavense S. Wats. ssp. ampullaceum might face is aphids. Aphids are small insects that suck plant sap through their mouthparts, leading to stunted growth and wilting of the plant. Regular monitoring and use of insecticidal soaps can help in managing aphids.
Another pest that Eriogonum mohavense S. Wats. ssp. ampullaceum might face is spider mites. Spider mites are tiny pests that feed on the plant tissues, causing yellowing of leaves, defoliation, and plant death. Regular inspection and the use of insecticidal soaps can help in managing spider mites.
Overall, maintaining a healthy growing environment, regular monitoring, early detection, and appropriate management techniques are crucial in managing pests and diseases affecting Eriogonum mohavense S. Wats. ssp. ampullaceum.
