Origin
Eriogonum inerme (S. Wats.) Jepson, commonly known as the Smooth Buckwheat, belongs to the family Polygonaceae. The plant is native to western North America and can be found in the states of California, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington.
Common names
Eriogonum inerme is commonly known by several common names, including Smooth Buckwheat, Myrtle Buckwheat, and Heart-leaved Buckwheat.
Uses
Native American tribes reportedly used the plant for medicinal purposes, such as for colds, coughs, and stomach issues. The plant attracts pollinators like bees and butterflies, while its seeds are a food source for birds and small mammals. Eriogonum inerme also helps prevent erosion and improve soil quality, making it a valuable addition to native plant gardens and restoration projects.
General Appearance
Eriogonum inerme is a low growing perennial herb that grows up to 40 cm tall. The plant has a taproot system and produces a basal rosette of heart-shaped leaves that are 1-3 cm long. The inflorescence is a dense cluster of small, creamy-white flowers that are less than 5 mm in diameter. The flowers bloom from May to July and are followed by small, triangular seeds that are dispersed by wind. The plant is drought-resistant and can grow in a variety of soil types and habitats, including sandy washes, rocky slopes, and open meadows.
Light Requirements
Eriogonum inerme is a sun-loving plant that needs full exposure to sunlight to grow well. For the healthiest growth, it requires at least six hours of direct sunlight per day.
Temperature Requirements
Being a native of the western United States, Eriogonum inerme is adapted to a variety of temperature conditions. It can tolerate hot summers and cold winters but does better in moderate temperatures. A temperature range of 55 to 85 degrees Fahrenheit is ideal for its growth.
Soil Requirements
For optimal growth, Eriogonum inerme requires well-draining soil that is rich in nutrients. It can tolerate a wide range of soil types, including loam, sand, and clay-based soils. However, the pH level of the soil should be in the range of 6.0 to 8.5, which is slightly acidic to slightly alkaline. It can also grow in poor soils where other plants struggle to thrive.
Cultivation Methods
Eriogonum inerme, commonly known as the smooth wild buckwheat, is a hardy perennial plant that thrives in arid regions. This plant prefers well-draining sandy or loamy soil, along with full to partial sun exposure. It is essential to choose a planting site with good air circulation, as poor air movement may lead to foliar disease development.
The ideal time to cultivate Eriogonum inerme is in late winter or early spring, just before the growing season begins. To propagate this plant, sow seeds in a prepared seedbed and cover them lightly with soil. Alternatively, you can propagate the plant via cuttings taken from the parent plant. Ensure that the cuttings are healthy and the size of a pencil with at least two nodes, and plant them in well-draining soil mix.
Watering Needs
Eriogonum inerme requires regular watering for the initial growth phase. Water the plant deeply once a week and maintain the soil evenly moist, but not waterlogged, until it establishes. Once established, reduce the frequency of watering, but do not let the soil completely dry out between watering intervals. The roots of this plant penetrate deep into the soil, which makes it drought-tolerant.
Fertilization
Unlike many other plants, Eriogonum inerme does not require regular fertilization to grow healthy and vigorous. However, adding a slow-release fertilizer in the early spring, right before the growing season starts, may help promote growth and development. Avoid over-fertilizing the plant, as it may result in excessive foliage growth and decreased flowering.
Pruning
Pruning Eriogonum inerme helps maintain its compact shape and improves flowering. This plant should be pruned in late fall or early winter before the dormant phase. Cut back the top one-third of the plant with a sterilized pruning tool to promote bushier growth and more flowers. Avoid pruning in the summer, as it may stress the plant and lead to reduced flowering the following year.
Propagation of Eriogonum inerme (S. Wats.) Jepson
Eriogonum inerme (S. Wats.) Jepson, commonly known as "smooth wild buckwheat," is a drought-tolerant shrub that is found in several states of Western United States, including California, Nevada, and Utah. Propagation of Eriogonum can be done through several methods:
Seed Propagation
Seed propagation is the most common and easiest method for propagating Eriogonum inerme. The seeds should be collected in fall after they have matured. The collected seeds should be stored in a cool and dry place until the next planting season. Before planting, the seeds should be soaked in water for 24 hours to improve germination.
The seeds can be sown directly into the soil in late fall or early spring. The soil should be well-drained and amended with organic matter. The seeds should be lightly covered with soil, and the soil should be kept moist until germination occurs. Seedlings should be thinned out to ensure proper spacing.
Softwood Cuttings
Softwood cuttings of Eriogonum inerme can also be successfully rooted. Cuttings should be taken in early summer from young woody growth. The cuttings should be 3-4 inches long and should be taken from healthy plants.
The cuttings should be dipped in a rooting hormone and then placed in a well-draining soil mix. The cuttings should be kept moist and out of direct sunlight until roots have formed. It can take up to two months for roots to form.
Division
Eriogonum inerme can also be propagated by division. This method involves separating the plant into smaller sections, each with its own roots and leaves. This method is best done in the fall or early spring.
To divide Eriogonum inerme, carefully dig up the plant and separate the root ball into 2-3 sections. Replant the sections in well-draining soil and water thoroughly. The divided plants should be kept in a shaded area until new growth appears.
Overall, Eriogonum inerme can be propagated through seed, softwood cuttings, and division. Each method has its own advantages and specific requirements, but with proper care and attention, all methods can result in successful propagation.
Disease Management
Eriogonum inerme is generally a very hardy plant and is not very susceptible to diseases, but there are a few diseases that may affect this plant.
One of the most common diseases that may affect Eriogonum inerme is root rot. This disease is caused by fungi that thrive in wet soil conditions. To prevent root rot from affecting the plant, it is important to ensure proper soil drainage. Avoid watering the plant excessively and ensure that the soil is well-draining.
Another disease that may affect Eriogonum inerme is powdery mildew. This disease is characterized by a white powdery growth on the leaves, stems, and flowers of the plant. To manage powdery mildew, remove and destroy all infected plant parts. Alternatively, apply a fungicide as directed on the product label.
Pest Management
Eriogonum inerme is also not known to be severely impacted by pests. However, some pests may cause damage to the plant if left unchecked.
One of the pests that may affect Eriogonum inerme is spider mites. These pests feed on the sap of the plant, causing it to become stunted and discolored. To manage spider mites, spray the plant with water to wash them off. Alternatively, apply an insecticidal soap or neem oil as directed on the product label.
Another pest that may affect Eriogonum inerme is aphids. These pests can cause yellowing and curling of the leaves, as well as the presence of a sticky substance on the plant. To manage aphids, remove and destroy all infected plant parts. Alternatively, apply an insecticidal soap or neem oil as directed on the product label. Encouraging natural predators of aphids, such as ladybugs, can also help to manage their population.
Regular inspection of Eriogonum inerme is key to preventing the spread of pests and diseases. Early detection and proper management are essential in keeping this plant healthy and thriving.
