Origin
Epidendrum moirianum auct. non A.D. Hawkes is a species of orchid found in South America, particularly in the countries of Brazil, Bolivia, Ecuador, and Peru. It grows at high elevations of up to 2,500 meters in the Andes Mountains.
Common Names
This orchid is commonly known as the Moir's Epidendrum, in reference to the Scottish botanist James Moir who collected the plant in Peru in the late 1800s. It is also referred to as the green-flowered epidendrum or the green orchid due to the bright green color of its flowers.
Uses
Epidendrum moirianum auct. non A.D. Hawkes is primarily grown as an ornamental plant due to its beautiful and unique green flowers. It is often used in cut flower arrangements, as well as in landscaping and gardening. Some indigenous communities in the Andes also value this plant for its medicinal properties, particularly for treating respiratory illnesses and fevers.
General Appearance
Epidendrum moirianum auct. non A.D. Hawkes is a sympodial orchid, meaning it grows in a horizontal, branching, and creeping pattern. It has narrow, cylindrical stems that can reach up to 30 cm in length. The plant produces small, thick, leathery leaves that are arranged alternately along the stems. The green flowers of this orchid are tubular and clustered in large inflorescences at the end of the stems. The flowers have a long spur at the base and are typically pollinated by hummingbirds.
Light Requirements
Epidendrum moirianum thrives in bright light conditions, but needs protection from direct sunlight, which can cause sunburn to the leaves.
Temperature Requirements
This orchid species prefers a warm and humid environment, with daytime temperatures ranging between 70-80°F (21-27°C) and nighttime temperatures between 60-65°F (16-18°C).
Air Circulation
Good air circulation is important for Epidendrum moirianum as it helps prevent fungal diseases. Fans or open windows can provide the necessary circulation.
Humidity and Watering
Epidendrum moirianum prefers to be kept in a humid environment, with humidity levels of 50-70%. Daily misting can help maintain humidity levels. This orchid likes to dry out slightly between watering, but not completely. A well-draining potting mix such as bark or sphagnum moss can help prevent overwatering.
Fertilizer
During active growth, fertilize every two weeks using a balanced 20-20-20 fertilizer diluted to half strength.
Potting
Epidendrum moirianum does well in a small pot with good drainage. Repotting should be done every two to three years as the potting medium begins to decompose.
Cultivation of Epidendrum moirianum
Epidendrum moirianum is a relatively easy orchid to cultivate and is suitable for beginners. It is typically grown in a pot or basket, with the potting mixture composed of bark, sphagnum moss, and perlite.
It prefers warm temperatures, with an optimal range between 60-80°F. It can tolerate low humidity levels, but it thrives best in more humid environments.
Watering needs
Epidendrum moirianum should be watered regularly, with the frequency of watering depending on the conditions in which it is grown. During the growing season, it should be watered at least once a week, and during the dormant season, watering can be reduced to every two weeks.
The plant prefers to remain slightly moist but not saturated, and the potting mixture should be allowed to dry out partially before watering again.
Fertilization
To promote healthy growth and blooming, Epidendrum moirianum should be fertilized regularly. A balanced orchid fertilizer can be applied every two weeks during the growing season.
It is essential to use a fertilizer specifically formulated for orchids because typical fertilizers can burn the roots of the plant.
Pruning
Epidendrum moirianum can be pruned to maintain its size and shape after flowering has finished. The pruning should be done with sterilized shears, and any brown or damaged foliage should be removed.
The plant can also be divided every two to three years to propagate new plants and prevent overcrowding in the pot or basket.
Propagation of Epidendrum moirianum
Epidendrum moirianum is a beautiful orchid plant species that is relatively easy to propagate using different methods. Here are some of the ways to propagate this plant:
Propagation through Division
One of the easiest ways to propagate Epidendrum moirianum is through division. In this method, the plant is carefully removed from the pot, and the rhizome is gently separated into two or more sections. Each section should have at least two or three pseudobulbs and healthy roots.
The divided sections should then be replanted into separate pots using a well-draining orchid mix. The new plants should be watered lightly and kept in a shaded area until new growth appears. It is essential to avoid over-watering or fertilizing the newly divided plants to prevent root rot and other issues.
Propagation through Keikis
Epidendrum moirianum can also be propagated through keikis or plantlets that develop on the nodes of old flower spikes. These small plantlets can be left on the stem until they develop roots or carefully removed and potted in their individual containers using a suitable orchid mix.
The keikis should be kept moist but not soaked, and sufficient humidity should be maintained around them to help them develop strong roots. Once they start producing new roots and growth, they can be transferred to their final pots and placed in a well-lit but shaded area.
Propagation through Seedlings
Propagating Epidendrum moirianum through seedlings is a more challenging method that requires some experience and effort. The orchid's seeds can be collected after the flowering season and sown in a suitable germination medium.
The germination medium should be sterile, and the seeds should be sown thinly and covered with a light layer of the medium. It is essential to keep the germination pots in a warm and humid environment and mist them regularly to maintain sufficient moisture levels.
Once the seedlings develop into small plants, they can be transplanted into individual pots using a suitable orchid mix. The young plants should be watered and fertilized carefully and kept in a shaded, but well-lit spot until they establish strong roots and start producing new growth.
Disease and Pest Management for Epidendrum Moirianum
Epidendrum moirianum is a beautiful and fairly easy-to-grow orchid species that can produce lovely yellow, green, and purple flowers. However, like all plants, this species can be vulnerable to diseases and pests that can affect its growth and appearance. Here are some common issues that might affect Epidendrum moirianum and ways to manage them:
Diseases
Bacterial and Fungal Infections: Bacterial or fungal infections can cause spots, wilting, and other damage to the leaves and roots of Epidendrum moirianum. Proper cultural practices such as removing infected plant parts, maintaining appropriate humidity levels, and providing good air circulation can help prevent these infections. If a bacterial or fungal infection occurs, it may be necessary to treat the plant with a fungicide or bactericide.
Virus: A viral infection can cause yellowing, mottling, and other symptoms on the leaves of the orchid. Unfortunately, there is no cure for viral infections. Infected plants should be isolated and removed to prevent the spread of the virus to other orchid species in your collection.
Pests
Scale Insects: Scale insects can often be seen as small, hard, brown bumps on the leaves and stems of the plant. These pests feed on the sap of the plant, causing wilting and yellowing of the leaves. To manage a scale insect infestation, you can try manually removing them from the plant or use an insecticidal soap or oil.
Mealybugs: Mealybugs are soft, white insects that resemble bits of cotton. They can cause stunted growth and leaf drop in Epidendrum moirianum. To manage a mealybug infestation, you can try removing them with a cotton swab or tissue soaked in rubbing alcohol or use an insecticidal soap or oil.
Spider Mites: Spider mites are tiny and difficult to see with the naked eye, but they can cause yellowing and browning of the leaves, as well as webbing on the plant. To manage spider mites, you can try increasing humidity around the plant or using an insecticidal soap or oil.
By implementing proper cultural practices and promptly addressing any issues that may arise, you can help ensure your Epidendrum moirianum remains healthy and beautiful.
