Englerastrum djalonense A.Chev. - Plant Description
Englerastrum djalonense A.Chev. is a perennial plant that belongs to the Fabaceae family. This species is commonly known as djalon vetch or purple vetch. It is native to West Africa, specifically in Guinea and Sierra Leone.
Appearance
This plant has a distinct and unique appearance. The stems are herbaceous and grow up to 40 cm in height. The leaves are compound, and the leaflets are ovate in shape with a length of 2-4 cm. The flowers are purple and grow in clusters, and the fruits are cylindrical legumes with straight sides.
Uses
In West Africa, Englerastrum djalonense A.Chev. is commonly used as a medicinal plant to treat various ailments such as fever, diarrhea, and stomachache. Its leaves and roots are used for their anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic properties. Additionally, the plant is utilized as a forage for livestock.
In landscaping, Englerastrum djalonense A.Chev. is an ornamental plant and is grown primarily for its striking purple flowers.
Overall, Englerastrum djalonense A.Chev. is a valuable plant, both medicinally and aesthetically. Its unique appearance and usefulness make it a popular choice in West African communities.
Light Requirements
The Englerastrum djalonense A.Chev. plant prefers full sunlight to partial shade. It requires at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day, but if grown in hot, dry conditions, some shade may be necessary to prevent dehydration.
Temperature Requirements
Englerastrum djalonense A.Chev. requires a warm temperature all year round. It can tolerate a minimum temperature of 15°C (60°F) and thrives between 25°C to 30°C (77°F to 86°F). High humidity is required to keep the plant healthy and promote growth.
Soil Requirements
The Englerastrum djalonense A.Chev. plant thrives in well-drained, fertile soil. The soil should have a pH between 5.5 to 6.8. The plant prefers a sandy loam with good drainage, but it can also grow in clay soil as long as it is not waterlogged. A layer of organic matter such as compost can be added to enrich the soil and improve water retention.
Cultivation
Englerastrum djalonense A.Chev. is a perennial plant native to West Africa. It belongs to the family of Melastomataceae. Cultivating this plant requires a warm and humid climate. It is best planted in well-drained soil with pH ranging from 5.5 to 7.5. The plant thrives in partial shade to full sunlight, but it's advisable to protect it from direct sun during the hottest hours of the day.
Watering Needs
Englerastrum djalonense A.Chev. requires regular watering, but overwatering should be avoided. The soil must be moist but not soggy to allow for proper root aeration. During dry months, the plant needs frequent watering to survive and thrive. However, during rainy months, it's advisable to lessen the watering frequency to avoid root rot and other waterborne diseases.
Fertilization
Fertilization is necessary for Englerastrum djalonense A.Chev. to grow optimally. Fertilizers rich in nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium are highly recommended. However, over-fertilization is harmful and may lead to burning of roots or stunted growth. Slow-release fertilizers applied during the growing season are more effective than applying large amounts at once.
Pruning
Englerastrum djalonense A.Chev. requires pruning to maintain its shape and promote healthy growth. Pruning should be done during the winter season when the plant is dormant. Dead or damaged branches should be removed close to their point of origin. Pinching or snipping of the growing tips encourages branching and bushy growth. Proper pruning leads to a fuller and more attractive plant.
Propagation of Englerastrum djalonense A.Chev
Englerastrum djalonense A.Chev can be propagated through seeds and stem cuttings.
Propagation through Seeds
The easiest way to propagate Englerastrum djalonense A.Chev is through seeds. Collect matured fruits from a healthy parent plant and dry them for a few days. Once dry, remove the seeds from the fruits and soak them in water for 24 hours to soften the seed coat. Sow the seeds in a well-draining seedling mix and keep the soil moist. The seeds will sprout in a few weeks.
Propagation through Stem Cuttings
Englerastrum djalonense A.Chev can also be propagated through stem cuttings. Select a healthy and disease-free stem and cut a 6-inch section with a sharp, sterilized knife. Remove the leaves from the bottom half of the cutting and dip the cut end in rooting hormone powder. Plant the cutting in a well-draining potting mix and water it regularly. Keep the cutting in a warm, bright location but not in direct sunlight. The cutting will root in a few weeks and start to grow.
Disease and Pest Management for Englerastrum djalonense A.Chev
Englerastrum djalonense A.Chev. is known for its strong resistance to diseases and pests, but it may still be affected by a few. Here are the common diseases and pests that might affect the plant and ways to manage them.
Diseases
Root Rot
Root rot is caused by overwatering or poorly-draining soil, leading to the development of fungus and bacteria that cause the roots to decay. The plant may show symptoms such as yellowing leaves, wilting, and slow growth. To manage root rot, ensure proper drainage of the soil and reduce watering frequency. If the plant is severely affected, replant it in a fresh potting mix.
Leaf Spot
Leaf spot is caused by fungal infections that cause the leaves to develop dark, water-soaked lesions that eventually turn brown or black. The leaves may eventually fall off the plant, leading to stunted growth. To manage leaf spot, prune affected leaves, and avoid wetting the leaves during watering. Fungicides may also be used to control the spread of the disease.
Pests
Spider Mites
Spider mites are tiny pests that attack the plant by sucking sap from the leaves, leading to discoloration and leaf drop. These pests can be managed by spraying the foliage with insecticidal soap or neem oil. Ensure to focus on the underside of the leaves where they often hide.
Scale Insects
Scale insects are oval-shaped insects that attach themselves to the leaves and stems of the plant, sucking sap and causing yellowing and wilting of the plant. The pest can be managed by wiping the leaves with a soft cloth dipped in alcohol or insecticidal soap to remove them. Regular inspection will prevent the spread of the infestation.
By following the above guidelines, you can keep Englerastrum djalonense A.Chev. free from diseases and pests, ensuring optimal growth and longevity.
