Origin
Elymus trachycaulus (Link) Gould ex Shinners ssp. novae-angliae (Scribn.) Tzvelev, also known as rough-sheathed wheatgrass or bluebunch wheatgrass, is a perennial grass species. It is native to the western parts of North America, including Alaska, British Columbia, and the western United States.
Common Names
Rough-sheathed wheatgrass is known by a variety of common names, including bluebunch wheatgrass, thickspike wheatgrass, thickspike needlegrass, and sharp-scaled wheatgrass. These names refer to the plant's appearance and growth habits.
Uses
Rough-sheathed wheatgrass is commonly used for forage, habitat restoration, erosion control, and landscaping. Its deep root system makes it drought-tolerant and suitable for areas with low rainfall. The grass is also used for wildlife habitat, providing cover and food for a variety of animals, including deer, elk, and birds. It is a valuable species for range management, as it can prevent soil erosion and improve soil health.
General Appearance
Rough-sheathed wheatgrass has a dense, clumping growth habit and can grow up to 3 feet tall. The leaves are long and narrow, with rough, serrated edges. The flowers are arranged in spikelets that can range in color from green to blue-green. The plant's roots can grow up to 10 feet deep, allowing it to survive in harsh environments.
Light Requirements
Elymus trachycaulus subspecies novae-angliae requires full sun exposure to thrive. It typically grows in open areas, such as meadows and grasslands, where it receives abundant direct sunlight. In shaded areas, the plant may become weak and stretched in an attempt to reach adequate light levels.
Temperature Preferences
Elymus trachycaulus subspecies novae-angliae is a hardy plant that can withstand extreme temperature conditions. It prefers a cold climate and can survive in areas with temperatures as low as -40°C. In warmer regions, the plant may still grow but will require ample access to water to prevent it from drying out.
Soil Requirements
The plant is highly adaptable and can grow in many types of soil. However, it thrives in well-draining fertile soils that are rich in nutrients. Sandy loam and medium loam soils are ideal for growth. The plant can tolerate slightly acidic soils with a pH range of 5.5 to 6.5, but it will also grow well in slightly alkaline soils with a pH range of 7.0 to 7.5. Regular watering is essential to keep the soil moist but not saturated.
Cultivation
Elymus trachycaulus (Link) Gould ex Shinners ssp. novae-angliae (Scribn.) Tzvelev, commonly known as New England wild rye, is a cool-season grass that prefers fertile, well-draining soil. It grows best in full sun to partial shade and can adapt to a wide range of soil types, including sandy, loamy, and clay soils.
When planting, ensure that the soil is thoroughly moistened. You can plant the seeds in the early spring or fall. For best results, scatter the seeds over the soil surface, rake it lightly, and then cover it with a thin layer of soil approximately 1/4 inch thick.
Watering
Watering the Elymus trachycaulus plant is only necessary if there is too little rainfall, and it requires between 1 to 2 inches of water per week. Ensure you water the plant regularly during the growing season, especially if the soil is beginning to dry out. However, avoid over-watering as it may lead to root rot and other fungal diseases.
Fertilization
Elymus trachycaulus is not a heavy feeder. Therefore, only fertilize it if the soil is lacking in essential nutrients. If necessary, apply a balanced fertilizer with an npk ratio of 10-10-10 or 15-15-15 in the spring after the last frost or throughout the growing season. Avoid using fertilizers that contain herbicide for weed control as they may harm the plant.
Pruning
Elymus trachycaulus does not require pruning unless its appearance becomes untidy or overgrown. If you notice dead or damaged leaves, you can remove them with pruning shears as this will encourage new growth. You can also trim the plant to keep it to a desirable height or when taking care of any encroaching weeds around the area.
Propagation Methods for Elymus trachycaulus (Link) Gould ex Shinners ssp. novae-angliae (Scribn.) Tzvelev
Elymus trachycaulus (Link) Gould ex Shinners ssp. novae-angliae (Scribn.) Tzvelev, commonly known as slender wheatgrass or streambank wheatgrass, can be propagated through both vegetative and seed propagation methods.
Vegetative Propagation
Vegetative propagation is an effective way to propagate Elymus trachycaulus as it helps maintain the genetic characteristics of the parent plant. The most effective method for vegetative propagation of Elymus trachycaulus is through rhizome division.
The ideal time for rhizome division is during early spring when the plant is just starting to grow. Dig up the plant and separate the rhizomes carefully to avoid damaging them. Each divided section should have at least one bud to ensure it can grow into a new plant. Replant the sections at the same depth in well-draining soil.
Seed Propagation
Seed propagation is the most common and easiest method for propagating Elymus trachycaulus. The best time for seed propagation is during late spring or early summer, after the threat of frost has passed.
The seeds should be collected from the mature dry seed heads and stored in a cool and dry place until they are ready for planting. Before sowing the seeds, they should be soaked in water for 24 hours to soften the outer seed coat.
The seeds should be sown at a depth of ¼ to ½ inch in well-draining soil. Regular watering should be provided until the plant establishes itself. It is important to note that seed propagation does not maintain the genetic characteristics of the parent plant.
Disease and Pest Management for Elymus Trachycaulus (Link) Gould ex Shinners ssp. Novae-Angliae (Scribn.) Tzvelev
Elymus trachycaulus, commonly known as slender wheatgrass, is a perennial grass species native to North America. While it is generally hardy and resistant, there are several diseases and pests that can affect the plant, including:
Diseases
Crown Rot
Crown rot is a fungal disease that affects the roots and crowns of the plant. It is caused by one of several fungi, including Fusarium and Rhizoctonia. Symptoms include slow growth, yellowing of leaves, and stunted plants with weak stems. To prevent crown rot, it is important to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged, ensure good drainage, and rotate crops to prevent fungal buildup. If crown rot is detected, affected plants should be removed and destroyed to prevent the spread of the disease.
Stripe Rust
Stripe rust is a fungal disease that affects many grass species, including Elymus trachycaulus. It is most common in humid conditions and can cause yellow-orange stripes on leaves, stunting growth and reducing yields. To prevent stripe rust, plant resistant strains of the species and avoid over-fertilizing with nitrogen. If stripe rust is detected, fungicides can be used to manage and prevent the spread of the disease.
Pests
Grasshoppers
Grasshoppers are a common pest that feeds on the leaves and stems of Elymus trachycaulus. Significant grasshopper infestations can cause severe damage and even kill the plant. To manage grasshoppers, plant repellent companion plants, such as clover, and use physical barriers, such as nets or screens, to protect the plants. Insecticidal sprays or neem oil can also be used to manage grasshopper populations.
Cutworms
Cutworms are a type of caterpillar that feeds on the stem of the plant, leading to wilting and death. They are most problematic in the early stages of plant growth. To prevent cutworms, use physical barriers such as collars around young plants, and avoid planting in areas with high cutworm populations. Insecticidal sprays can also be used to manage cutworms.
Overall, maintaining good growing conditions and promptly identifying and addressing any problems with Elymus trachycaulus is key to minimizing damage from diseases and pests.
