Origin and Common Names
Eleocharis pachystyla (C. Wright) C.B. Clarke, commonly known as Thick-styled Spikerush, is a species of flowering plant in the sedge family, Cyperaceae. This plant is native to Cuba and known to occur in wetlands, marshes, swamps, and shallow-water pools.
General Appearance
Thick-styled Spikerush is a perennial, herbaceous plant that grows to about 10-20 cm in height. The stems are slender, have a triangular shape, and are green to brownish-green in color. The leaves are reduced to small sheaths near the base of the stem, and the inflorescence is a single spike with small flowers.
The spike can grow up to 1 cm long and is densely packed with female flowers at the base and male flowers at the top. The fruit is a small, brown, three-sided achene that is typically less than 1 mm long.
Uses
In its native range, Thick-styled Spikerush is used in traditional medicine to treat urinary tract infections and to relieve pain. This plant is also an important component of wetland habitats, where it helps stabilize soil and prevent erosion.
Furthermore, Thick-styled Spikerush is utilized in the aquarium trade and can be used as an aquatic decorative plant. The plant's dainty appearance makes it an attractive addition to aquariums that feature small fish.
Light Requirements
Eleocharis pachystyla requires moderate to high light conditions for optimal growth. Low light can lead to stunted growth and the plant may become leggy as it tries to reach for light. It is recommended to provide at least 2 watts of light per gallon of water for this plant. The use of full-spectrum LED lights is highly recommended as it provides the required color spectrum for optimal plant growth.
Temperature Requirements
This plant thrives in tropical to subtropical temperatures. The ideal water temperature for Eleocharis pachystyla is between 68-82°F (20-28°C). A temperature below 60°F (15°C) can lead to plant decline, while temperatures above 86°F (30°C) can cause the plant to deteriorate. Therefore, it is important to maintain a stable water temperature to prevent temperature shock and damage to the plant.
Soil Requirements
The preferred soil for Eleocharis pachystyla is nutrient-rich and porous, as it requires a good amount of oxygen for root growth. The use of a nutrient-rich substrate such as aquatic soil or aqua clay is ideal. A pH range of 6.5-7.5 is recommended for this plant. Since it is a grass-like plant, it requires a substrate that is deep enough to allow the roots to spread, yet soft enough for the growth and spread of shoots.
Cultivation
Eleocharis pachystyla is a relatively easy plant to cultivate, making it an excellent choice for beginners or those new to planted aquariums. This plant will thrive in a range of conditions, making it suitable for both low-tech and high-tech setups. It is a relatively slow-growing plant, but with adequate care and attention, it will reward you with lush, green growth.
Watering Needs
As with all aquatic plants, Eleocharis pachystyla requires a consistent supply of high-quality water. The plant prefers slightly acidic to neutral water conditions with a pH range of 6.5-7.5. It is also essential to ensure that the water current is not too strong, as this can damage the delicate leaves and roots.
Make sure to replace the water regularly to avoid the buildup of harmful toxins. It is advisable to perform a partial water change of 30-50% every 1-2 weeks.
Fertilization
Like all plants, Eleocharis pachystyla requires nutrients to grow and thrive. Fertilizing this plant will help provide the necessary nutrients for healthy growth. An all-in-one liquid fertilizer that contains both macro and micronutrients should be used. It is recommended to dose the fertilizer based on the needs of the aquarium and to avoid overdosing.
It is also advised to provide the plant with carbon dioxide (CO2) supplementation to promote lush growth. CO2 can be supplied via a diffuser or injection system linked to a CO2 cylinder.
Pruning
To keep Eleocharis pachystyla looking neat and tidy, regular pruning is necessary. Trimming the leaves will encourage new growth and help the plant maintain its shape. Use sharp scissors or pruning shears to cut back the plant. Be careful not to cut too much off at once, or it can cause damage and shock.
It is also recommended to thin out the plant regularly to prevent overcrowding, as this can reduce the plant's ability to absorb nutrients and deteriorate the overall health of the plant.
Propagation Methods for Eleocharis pachystyla
Eleocharis pachystyla, commonly known as the giant hairgrass, is a magnificent plant that makes a great addition to any aquarium. Propagating this plant is relatively easy, and there are several methods to do so.
Division
Division is the most common method of propagating Eleocharis pachystyla. This method involves separating mature plants into smaller sections, each with its own rhizome and roots. To propagate this plant through division, you need to gently remove it from the substrate and carefully separate the clumps into smaller sections. Ensure each section has enough roots to support it and plant it in a new location.
Runners
Eleocharis pachystyla can produce runners or stolons, which are horizontal stems that grow along the substrate's surface. These runners will produce new plantlets at the nodes, which can be left to root in the substrate or detached and replanted in a new location. Ensure the new plantlets have sufficient roots to anchor them into the substrate, and keep them moist until they become established.
Seed Propagation
Eleocharis pachystyla produces viable seeds that can be used to propagate the plant. To propagate this plant using seeds, scatter them on top of the substrate and press them down lightly. Keep the substrate moist and warm, and the seeds will germinate in one to two weeks. However, keep in mind that propagating this plant through seed can be challenging and unreliable, and in most cases, vegetative propagation methods like division and runners work best.
Disease Management
Eleocharis pachystyla can be susceptible to root rot, which is a common fungal disease. To prevent this disease from affecting the plant, it is important to ensure proper drainage and avoid overwatering. Additionally, it is recommended to use a soilless substrate to prevent the growth and spread of fungal pathogens. If root rot is identified, it is important to remove and dispose of affected plants to prevent further spread.
Leaf spot is another common disease that may affect Eleocharis pachystyla. Leaf spots are caused by various fungal and bacterial pathogens that can result in the formation of yellow or brown spots on the plant leaves. To manage leaf spot, affected leaves should be removed and the surrounding areas treated with a fungicide or bactericide.
Another disease that may affect Eleocharis pachystyla is powdery mildew. Powdery mildew can cause a white, powdery growth on the leaves, stems, and flowers of the plant. To manage this disease, it is recommended to improve air circulation around the plant and remove affected plant parts. Fungicides can also be used to control powdery mildew.
Pest Management
Spider mites are one of the most common pests that can affect Eleocharis pachystyla. These small pests can cause browning and curling of the leaves. To manage spider mites, it is important to maintain humidity levels and reduce drought stress on the plant. Insecticidal soap or horticultural oils can also be used to manage spider mites.
Another pest that may affect Eleocharis pachystyla is aphids. These small insects can cause stunted growth and yellowing of the plant leaves. To manage aphids, it is recommended to isolate affected plants and use insecticidal soap or neem oil to control and prevent further spread.
Nematodes can also be a problematic pest for Eleocharis pachystyla. These microscopic worms can infect the plant's roots and cause stunted growth, yellowing of the leaves, and wilting. To manage nematodes, it is important to maintain proper soil conditions and use a soilless substrate. Additionally, beneficial nematodes can be introduced to the soil to control and manage harmful nematodes.
Regular monitoring and maintenance of Eleocharis pachystyla can help prevent and manage disease and pest issues. Implementing proper cultural practices such as regular cleaning and sanitizing of gardening tools, maintaining proper soil conditions, and maintaining adequate humidity levels can also help reduce the risk of disease and pest issues.
