Eleocharis Microcarpa Torr. var. Filiculmis Torr.: Description, Origin, Common Names and Uses
Eleocharis microcarpa Torr. var. filiculmis Torr., commonly known as the Creeping spikerush or Hair-like spike-rush, is a perennial plant that belongs to the family Cyperaceae. This plant is native to North America and is found in wetlands, marshes, and swamps all over the United States and Canada.
The plant's stems can range from 30cm to 80cm in height, and they have a reddish-brown coloration. The leaves are very narrow, about 1-2mm wide, and are long, thin, hair-like structures that grow from the base of the stem.
Eleocharis microcarpa Torr. var. filiculmis Torr. produces small, brown flower spikes that grow up to 3cm long. These spikes appear on the tips of the stems and are visible from mid-spring through early fall.
Eleocharis microcarpa Torr. var. filiculmis Torr. has a fibrous root system that helps it stabilize soil and prevent erosion.
This plant is often used in wetland restoration and stabilization projects. It is also used in aquariums as an aquatic plant, creating a natural and dynamic look to a fish tank.
The plant has been used by indigenous communities to make cordage, mats, and baskets. Also, it is a source of food for waterfowl and small mammals.
Light Requirements
Eleocharis microcarpa Torr. var. filiculmis Torr. is known to grow very well under high light conditions. This species requires moderate to high levels of light intensity per square feet for optimal growth. The recommended intensity of light per square meter varies between 60 and 120 ?mol s-1 m-2. These requirements can be easily achieved using artificial lighting systems and natural sunlight.
Temperature Requirements
Eleocharis microcarpa Torr. var. filiculmis Torr. grows well in temperatures ranging between 20°C and 28°C. The plant can tolerate fluctuations in temperature but must not be exposed to temperatures below 18°C for extended periods. The lower temperatures can cause the plant to become dormant, and it will cease to grow until the temperature rises.
Soil Requirements
Eleocharis microcarpa Torr. var. filiculmis Torr. prefers a high-quality substrate, such as an aquatic soil mix, with a neutral pH range from 6.5-7.5. The soil should be free from any toxic substances, including ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate, which can harm the plant. Additionally, the substrate should contain a decent amount of iron to sustain the plant's growth. The plant may also require essential nutrients like potassium, nitrogen, and phosphorus, which should be supplemented in their absence. This plant can grow rooted in the substrate or be placed in a mesh pot filled with the substrate.
Cultivation Methods
Eleocharis microcarpa Torr. var. filiculmis Torr., commonly known as Creeping Spike Rush, is a popular plant among aquarists due to its attractive appearance and ease of cultivation. It can be easily grown in small aquaria, and it is a great option for beginners.
The plant is best grown in fresh or brackish water with pH levels ranging from 6.0 to 8.0 and temperature between 20°C to 25°C. It can handle low to high lighting conditions, but it is recommended to place it in moderate to high light for better growth.
Watering Needs
Creeping Spike Rush requires consistent moisture to thrive, and it is recommended to keep the substrate moist at all times. Over-watering or under-watering can cause the plant to deteriorate or die. The top inch of the substrate should be checked frequently, and if it feels dry, it should be watered immediately.
In case the water in the aquarium is hard and alkaline (basic), it is essential to change it regularly and add appropriate water conditioners to maintain the ideal conditions for the plant's growth.
Fertilization
This plant does not have high nutrient demands, but it does benefit from regular fertilization. An all-in-one liquid aquarium fertilizer can be added once a week to promote growth and keep the plant healthy.
Care should be taken not to over-fertilize the plant, as this can lead to algae growth and nutrient imbalance, which can be detrimental to the health of the plant and aquatic fauna.
Pruning
Eleocharis microcarpa Torr. var. filiculmis Torr. can grow up to a height of 15 cm, and if left unpruned, it can become invasive and overgrow the aquarium. It is recommended to trim the plant regularly, either with scissors or tweezers, to maintain its shape and prevent it from spreading too much.
Dead or decaying leaves and stems should be removed promptly to prevent the spread of diseases and pests within the aquarium.
Propagation of Eleocharis microcarpa Torr. var. filiculmis Torr.
Eleocharis microcarpa Torr. var. filiculmis Torr. can be propagated through several methods which include:Division: The plant can be propagated through division where the rhizomes are cut into smaller sections and replanted in a new location. This method ensures that the new plant has the same characteristics as the parent plant and is relatively easy to carry out.
Seed Propagation: Propagation through seeds is a more complicated method as it requires a controlled environment and special knowledge on the germination process. Seeds should be sown in a tank filled with nutrient-rich water, and the temperature should be maintained between 20-25°C until germination occurs after which they should be transplanted.
Vegetative Propagation: This method is done by cutting a portion of the stem with leaves and roots, and place in a separate plant device or pot with soil. The cuttings can be treated with rooting hormones to hasten root formation.
Runners: Eleocharis microcarpa Torr. var. filiculmis Torr can also be propagated through runners. Runners are horizontal stems that extend from the parent plant and develop into new plants. The runners can be cut and replanted in a different site.
Once you've decided on the propagation method you'd like to use, ensure the new plants are healthy by providing them with enough sunlight, adequate water, and soil nutrients. Propagation creates an exact replica of the parent plant, allowing you to multiply your Eleocharis microcarpa Torr. var. filiculmis Torr easily and efficiently.
Disease and Pest Management for Eleocharis microcarpa Torr. var. filiculmis Torr.
Eleocharis microcarpa Torr. var. filiculmis Torr. is known for its resilience to pests and diseases. Nonetheless, there are certain pests and diseases that can affect the plant. It is essential to implement appropriate disease and pest management strategies to ensure the survival and growth of this beautiful plant.
Common Diseases
The most common diseases that affect Eleocharis microcarpa Torr. var. filiculmis Torr. are fungal infections. These diseases can lead to the death of the plant if they are left untreated. Signs of fungal infection include wilting of leaves, stunted growth, and yellowing of leaves.
To manage fungal infections, it is crucial to maintain proper air circulation around the plant and avoid overwatering. If the infection is severe, consider using a fungicide product recommended for aquatic plants.
Common Pests
Even though Eleocharis microcarpa Torr. var. filiculmis Torr. is not commonly affected by pests, there are a few common ones that can cause damage. The most common pests include snails, slugs, and aphids. They feed on the leaves and roots, which leads to the death of the plant if left unchecked.
To manage pest infestations, manually remove the pests from the plant and carefully inspect the plant regularly to keep them at bay. Another effective approach is to use a pesticide product that is approved for use on aquatic plants.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Eleocharis microcarpa Torr. var. filiculmis Torr. can suffer from fungal infections and pests like snails, slugs, and aphids. With proper care and effective disease and pest management strategies, you can successfully grow and maintain this beautiful aquatic plant.
