Eleocharis capitata (L.) R. Br. var. borealis Svens.
Eleocharis capitata (L.) R. Br. var. borealis Svens. is a plant species that belongs to the family Cyperaceae. It is commonly known as the dwarf hairgrass and is native to North America, specifically the United States and Canada.
Appearance
The plant has a grass-like appearance with thin green leaves that grow from a central stem. It is a small, compact plant that can reach a height of 3 to 5 centimeters and spread rapidly horizontally across the substrate in a tank. It forms dense patches in shallow water bodies and exhibits emersed and submersed growth forms.
Uses
The plant is commonly used in aquascaping and planted aquariums because of its aesthetic appeal and ease of care. It makes an excellent foreground or midground plant that complements other aquatic plants. It is also an excellent oxygenator plant that helps to maintain a healthy aquatic environment.
Additionally, the plant is known to be a good shelter for fish and shrimp, which can use it as a hiding place to escape from predators or aggressive tank mates. Lastly, it also makes an excellent choice for pond filtration as it helps in purifying the water and promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria.
Light Requirements
Eleocharis capitata (L.) R. Br. var. borealis Svens. prefers moderate to high light. Insufficient light can lead to the plant becoming spindly and may cause the leaves to die off from the bottom upwards. However, too much light can cause the leaves to turn yellow or brown. A period of moderate to high light is recommended for the plant to thrive.
Temperature Requirements
The ideal temperature range for Eleocharis capitata (L.) R. Br. var. borealis Svens. is between 20 to 28 degrees Celsius. The plant can tolerate lower temperatures, but growth will slow down. Higher temperatures can cause the leaves to yellow, become brittle, and damage the plant. It is essential to keep the temperature at a consistent level to avoid any sudden fluctuations that could impact the plant's growth.
Soil Requirements
Eleocharis capitata (L.) R. Br. var. borealis Svens. prefers nutrient-rich substrates. The pH level of the substrate should range from 6 to 7. The plant requires well-draining soil, and the substrate should not be too compacted. The addition of sand or other coarse substrates can aid in drainage. The plant can also grow in gravel or sand but will need regular fertilization to support healthy growth.
Cultivation Methods
Eleocharis capitata (L.) R. Br. var. borealis Svens. is a freshwater plant species that can be grown as an aquatic plant in an aquarium or as a terrestrial plant. When grown as an aquatic plant, it requires water with a pH of about 6 to 7.5, moderate to high lighting intensity, and a temperature range of 68-82°F.
When cultivating on land, Eleocharis capitata prefers a moist soil that is rich in organic matter and a partially shaded location.
Watering Needs
Eleocharis capitata grown as a submerged plant requires regular watering to keep the plant hydrated. The plant should be placed in a deep tank to ensure the roots are well hydrated at all times. Avoid direct sunlight which could increase water temperature and lead to evaporation. In the case of the terrestrial plant, water the plant regularly, keeping the soil consistently moist.
Fertilization
The plant will require regular fertilization when grown underwater to promote healthy growth. Liquid fertilizers are recommended, and it is critical to ensure that the fertilizer used is not harmful to the fish present. It is best to fertilize the plant once or twice a week. Terrestrial Eleocharis capitata needs lightly fertilized soil. It's worth noting that too much fertilizer can be harmful to the plant.
Pruning
Regular pruning is essential to promote healthy and vibrant growth in Eleocharis capitata. The foliage should be trimmed back when the plant becomes too long, as this can cause the plant to grow poorly. Pruning should be about one-third of the plant length every six to eight weeks.
Propagation Methods of Eleocharis Capitata (L.) R. Br. var. Borealis Svens.
Eleocharis Capitata (L.) R. Br. var. Borealis Svens. can be propagated in several ways. These methods include:
Division
Division is the most common propagation method for Eleocharis Capitata (L.) R. Br. var. Borealis Svens. The plant can be divided into smaller sections, each with its own root system. Dividing the plant should be done carefully to avoid damaging the roots. This method is best done when the plant is actively growing.
Seed Propagation
Eleocharis Capitata (L.) R. Br. var. Borealis Svens. can also be propagated from seed. The best time to sow seeds is during the spring or early summer when temperatures are warm. Seeds should be planted in moist soil and covered with a thin layer of sand. To encourage germination, provide the seeds with ample light and keep the soil moist. Seedlings can be carefully transplanted into their desired location once they are large enough to handle.
Cuttings
Eleocharis Capitata (L.) R. Br. var. Borealis Svens. can also be propagated by using stem cuttings. Simply snip a healthy section of stem from the mother plant and carefully place it in moist soil. Keep the soil moist and provide ample light until the cutting takes root. This method is best done during the active growing season.
Disease Management
Eleocharis capitata is generally free of any major diseases. However, in certain conditions, the plant may be susceptible to fungal and bacterial infections. Proper maintenance and care can prevent the occurrence of diseases.
Fungal infections
The most common fungal infection in Eleocharis capitata is Pythium root rot. It is caused by soil-borne pathogens that thrive in moist and poorly drained soils. To prevent the infection, avoid waterlogging and allow the soil to dry slightly between watering. In case of infection, remove the affected plants immediately, and improve the drainage of the soil by adding a layer of gravel at the bottom of the pot.
Bacterial infections
Bacterial infections in Eleocharis capitata are rare. However, if there is an infection, it typically shows up as yellowing and wilting of the leaves. To manage the infection, cut off the affected parts with sterilized scissors and avoid over-fertilizing as it can weaken the plant's immunity.
Pest Management
Eleocharis capitata is relatively pest-resistant. However, like any other plant, it can attract some pests. Early detection and proper treatment can prevent the infestation from spreading.
Algae
Algae growth can be a nuisance in Eleocharis capitata. It can clog the pores of the plant's leaves and make it difficult for them to absorb nutrients. To manage algae growth, reduce the amount of light the plant receives and reduce the amount of fertilizer.
Snails and slugs
Snails and slugs are common pests that can feed on the leaves of Eleocharis capitata. To manage this pest, manually remove them from the plant, and keep the area around the plant clean and free of debris. You can also use organic slug and snail baits to discourage the pests.
Spider mites
Spider mites are small insects that can suck the sap out of Eleocharis capitata and cause stunted growth. Regularly check the undersides of the leaves for tiny webs and mites. To manage spider mites, spray the plant with insecticidal soap or neem oil. Alternatively, release a predatory mite that feeds on spider mites.
