Origin
Elaeodendron afzelii Loes. forma djalonense Roberty, commonly known as Djalonensis or Tsu-bessari, is a species of flowering plant in the family Celastraceae. This plant is native to West Africa, specifically Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. It grows in tropical and sub-tropical regions, usually in moist environments such as forests, savannahs, and riverbanks.
Common Names
Elaeodendron afzelii Loes. forma djalonense Roberty has several common names depending on its location. In Guinea, it is known as "bala-dibbaji," while in Ivory Coast, it is called "mankiodou" or "toh." In Sierra Leone, it is referred to as "tsu-bessari" or "gbarabundu." These names are often used interchangeably with other species of Elaeodendron.
Uses
This plant has many traditional medicinal uses. Its bark and leaves are used to treat various ailments, including fever, diarrhea, and stomach pains. The bark is also used to treat skin infections and ulcers. The tree's fruit is edible and is used to make a popular juice in Guinea and Sierra Leone. Additionally, the plant's wood is used for carving and making tools, while the leaves are used as fodder for livestock.
Appearance
Elaeodendron afzelii Loes. forma djalonense Roberty is a medium-sized tree that can grow up to 20 meters tall. It has dark green leaves that are shiny on top and matte beneath, with a length of between 5 and 17 centimeters. The tree produces small greenish-white flowers that form in clusters. Its fruit is a round, orange-colored berry that is about 1 centimeter in diameter. The bark is grayish-brown and rough, with white or gray patches.
Light Requirements
Elaeodendron afzelii Loes. forma djalonense Roberty require full sunlight to grow. Lack of adequate light may result in stunted growth and a decline in overall health of the plant. This plant thrives in areas that receive at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day.
Temperature Requirements
Elaeodendron afzelii Loes. forma djalonense Roberty can tolerate a range of temperatures, but it prefers warm and humid climates. It grows best in areas with temperatures ranging from 20°C to 35°C. Extreme cold temperatures can cause damage to the plant, and it's important to protect it during winter periods.
Soil Requirements
The plant can grow in a variety of soil conditions which range from sandy loam to clayey soils. However, it prefers well-draining soils. The plant requires soils that are rich in organic matter and have a pH range of 5.0 to 6.5. It is important to maintain soil moisture to prevent wilting, but overwatering should be avoided.
Cultivation methods
Elaeodendron afzelii Loes. forma djalonense Roberty is usually grown in warm, tropical climates. It can be propagated from seeds or stem cuttings. The plant prefers a well-draining soil with a pH range of 6-7.5. It grows best in areas with partial shade but also tolerates full sun. When planting, it's good to loosen the soil and mix in organic matter.
Watering needs
The plant requires regular watering, especially during the growing season, to keep the soil consistently moist. However, it's essential to avoid overwatering the plant, which can lead to the roots' decay. Watering in the early morning or late evening is recommended to avoid water loss through evaporation due to the sun's heat.
Fertilization
Elaeodendron afzelii Loes. forma djalonense Roberty requires regular fertilization to maintain its health and promote growth. It's best to fertilize the plant every two weeks with a balanced fertilizer with an N-P-K ratio of 10-10-10. Alternatively, a slow-releasing fertilizer may be applied every three months.
Pruning
Pruning is essential to maintain the plant's shape and encourage new growth. It's best to prune the plant during the winter dormant season or after the flowering season ends. Pruning should be done using sharp, sterilized pruning shears. Dead, damaged, or diseased branches should be removed, and any crossing branches should be trimmed to prevent rubbing.
Propagation of Elaeodendron afzelii Loes. forma djalonense Roberty
Elaeodendron afzelii Loes. forma djalonense Roberty, commonly known as Djalonens Goldenrod, is propagated through seed or vegetative means. To ensure successful propagation, it is essential to follow the correct techniques and select the appropriate propagation method depending on the desired outcome.
Propagation Through Seed
Propagation of Elaeodendron afzelii Loes. forma djalonense Roberty through seed is relatively straightforward and is a popular method of propagation. The following steps are involved:
- Collect mature seedpods from the parent plant, usually during the fall season.
- Remove the seeds from the seedpods and dry them for a few days in a cool and dry location.
- Sow the seeds in a well-draining potting mix or soil, ensuring they are not buried too deeply.
- Water the soil thoroughly, but avoid over-watering, which can cause the seeds to rot.
- Place the pots in a warm location with indirect sunlight.
- Keep the soil evenly moist until the seeds germinate, which may take several weeks.
- Once the seedlings have sprouted and are established, transplant them into larger containers or outside into the garden or landscape.
Propagation Through Vegetative Means
Propagation of Elaeodendron afzelii Loes. forma djalonense Roberty through vegetative means, such as cutting and grafting, is also a commonly used method. The following steps are involved:
- Take a cutting from a healthy and mature Elaeodendron afzelii Loes. forma djalonense Roberty plant, making sure it is at least 4-6 inches long and has a few well-developed leaves.
- Dip the cut end of the stem in rooting hormone to encourage root growth.
- Plant the cutting in a container or soil that is moist and well-draining, ensuring that the soil is not too compact.
- Cover the container or planting area with plastic or a cloche to maintain humidity.
- Place the container in a warm and bright location with indirect sunlight.
- Water the soil regularly, but avoid over-watering or allowing the soil to dry out completely.
- After a few weeks, the cutting should form roots, and new growth should emerge from the stem.
- Transplant the rooted cutting into a larger container or outside into the garden or landscape.
Disease and Pest Management for Elaeodendron afzelii Loes. forma djalonense Roberty
Elaeodendron afzelii Loes. forma djalonense Roberty, commonly known as Djalonensis, is a plant native to West Africa. This plant has several medicinal properties that make it an important crop for traditional medicine. However, like any other crop, Djalonensis is susceptible to several pests and diseases which can affect its growth and production.
Common Pests
Some of the common pests that attack Djalonensis include:
- Spider mites: These pests are known to suck the sap from the leaves, causing them to turn yellow or brown. To control spider mites, it is recommended to wash the leaves with soapy water or apply an insecticide.
- Scale insects: These pests are known to attach themselves to the leaves and stems of the plant. They are relatively easy to control by applying an insecticide or by wiping the affected area with a cotton swab dipped in alcohol.
- Whiteflies: These are tiny white insects that feed on the sap of the plant. They can be controlled by using insecticidal soap or by vacuuming them up with a handheld vacuum.
Common Diseases
Djalonensis is also susceptible to several diseases which can affect its growth and yield. Some of the common diseases include:
- Powdery mildew: This disease is characterized by a white powdery substance on the leaves. It can be controlled by spraying the plant with a fungicide.
- Anthracnose: This is a fungal disease that attacks the leaves, stems, and fruit. It can be controlled by pruning affected areas and spraying with a fungicide.
- Root rot: This disease is caused by a fungus that attacks the roots of the plant. It can be prevented by ensuring good drainage and avoiding overwatering.
To manage pests and diseases, it is recommended to monitor the plants regularly and take action as soon as any symptoms are observed. This includes removing affected areas, using insecticidal soap or fungicide, and ensuring good growing conditions to prevent future infestations.
