Introduction
Dryopteris patula (Sw.) Underwood var. rossii (C. Christens.) C. Christens., also known as Ross's Shield Fern, is a native plant of North America. This fern is a member of the Dryopteridaceae family and is a species in the Dryopteris genus.
Origin and Distribution
Dryopteris patula var. rossii is native to North America, with a range that extends from the Pacific Northwest to the Rocky Mountains. It can be found in a variety of habitats, including moist woodlands, streambanks, and rocky slopes.
Common Names
Ross's Shield Fern is the most common name for Dryopteris patula var. rossii. It is also sometimes referred to as Spreading Wood Fern or Spreading-shield Fern.
Appearance
Dryopteris patula var. rossii is a deciduous fern that typically grows to be 30-60 cm in height. The fronds of this fern are triangular-shaped and are usually divided into three main segments. These segments then divide into smaller leaflets that have a slight curve to them, lending the frond a spreading appearance. The fronds are typically a bright green color and have a leathery texture.
Uses
Dryopteris patula var. rossii is primarily used as an ornamental plant in gardens and landscaping. Its spreading habit and lush foliage make it an excellent choice for adding texture and interest to a shady area. Additionally, some indigenous groups have used extracts from the plant for medicinal purposes, specifically for respiratory-related issues.
Conclusion
Dryopteris patula var. rossii, also known as Ross's Shield Fern, is a North American native plant with a range that extends from the Pacific Northwest to the Rocky Mountains. It has a spreading habit and bright green fronds that make it an excellent ornamental plant choice. Additionally, some indigenous groups have used extracts from the plant for medicinal purposes.
Growth Conditions of Dryopteris Patula (Sw.) Underwood var. Rossii (C. Christens.) C. Christens.
Light Requirements: Dryopteris patula (Sw.) Underwood var. Rossii (C. Christens.) C. Christens. requires bright, indirect light for optimal growth. As a shade-loving plant, it cannot tolerate direct sunlight. It is recommended to grow this plant in regions that receive partial to full shade.
Temperature Requirements: The optimum temperature range for Dryopteris patula (Sw.) Underwood var. Rossii (C. Christens.) C. Christens. is between 60-75°F (15.5-24°C). As a cooler climate plant, it cannot tolerate extreme heat or frost. This plant is mostly found in regions that have cool summers and mild winters.
Soil Requirements: Dryopteris patula (Sw.) Underwood var. Rossii (C. Christens.) C. Christens. requires well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. A pH range of 5.0-5.5 is ideal for the growth of this plant. It is recommended to mix peat moss, coarse sand, and perlite to standard potting soil to improve soil drainage and aeration for this plant.
Water Requirements: This plant thrives in a moist environment but does not tolerate standing water. It is recommended to water this plant evenly to keep the soil consistently moist. Watering frequency can be reduced during the winter months when the plant is in its dormancy phase.
Fertilizer Requirements: Dryopteris patula (Sw.) Underwood var. Rossii (C. Christens.) C. Christens. is not a heavy feeder and can thrive without excess fertilization. Applying a balanced, slow-release fertilizer at half-strength once in every two months during the growing season can help promote healthy growth.
Cultivation:
Dryopteris patula (Sw.) Underwood var. rossii (C. Christens.) C. Christens. is a plant that thrives well in shady areas and moist soil. It is a hardy fern that can grow up to three feet high and three feet in width. It can be propagated through spores or through transplantation of crowns. If planting from spores, it is best done in the spring while if using crowns, autumn is the best planting time.
Watering Needs:
This fern has moderate water requirements. It needs to be watered regularly, and the soil should always be kept moist but not waterlogged. The frequency of watering depends on the weather, and during dry periods, it is important to ensure that the plant is well watered.
Fertilization:
Dryopteris patula (Sw.) Underwood var. rossii (C. Christens.) C. Christens. rarely needs fertilization, but if you must, use an all-purpose fertilizer. Overfertilization of the plant may cause more harm than good. It is recommended to fertilize the plant during the growing season.
Pruning:
Pruning is not necessary for this fern, but removing the dead stems or fronds will help improve its appearance. When removing old fronds, be sure not to damage the crown. Proper pruning will help the plant look neater and encourage new growth.
Propagation of Dryopteris patula var. rossii
Dryopteris patula var. rossii can be propagated by spores or division.
Propagation by Spores
Propagation by spores is the most common method used for Dryopteris patula var. rossii. Spores are sown in a sterile growing medium and kept moist until they germinate. It can take up to several months for the spores to germinate. Once the new plants have a few leaves, they can be potted into individual containers and grown further until they are large enough to be transplanted into the garden.
Propagation by Division
Propagation by division can be done in early spring before new growth appears. The plant is dug up and the rhizomes are carefully separated into pieces, each with at least one crown and several roots. The new divisions are immediately planted in their new location and kept well watered. It takes about a year for the new divisions to become established.
Disease and Pest Management for Dryopteris patula var. rossii
Dryopteris patula var. rossii is a fern variety that is susceptible to several diseases and pests. It is crucial to be aware of these issues and implement preventive measures and management strategies to maintain the health and vigor of the plant.
Common Diseases
One of the most common diseases that affect Dryopteris patula var. rossii is leaf spot. Leaf spot is caused by various fungal pathogens that thrive in humid and wet conditions. Symptoms of leaf spot include dark, circular lesions on the fronds that can coalesce and cause the leaves to turn yellow and die.
Another disease that frequently infests Dryopteris patula var. rossii is rust. Rust is primarily a fungal disease that manifests as rusty brown spots on the underside of the fronds. Over time, these spots can lead to the death of the frond, and in severe cases, can cause the plant to die.
Pest Management
Aside from diseases, several pests can cause harm to Dryopteris patula var. rossii. These include slugs, snails, and aphids.
Slugs and snails are known to cause extensive damage to ferns. These pests feed on the leaves, leaving large holes and irregular tissue damage. Management of slugs and snails includes handpicking, physical barriers, and placement of slug and snail baits around the plant.
Aphids are known to infest ferns. These pests suck the plant sap, leading to the distortion, curling, and yellowing of leaves. They secrete honeydew, which attracts ants and can cause the growth of sooty mold. Management of aphids can include physical removal, hosing down the plants with water, and the use of insecticidal soap or neem oil.
It is essential to monitor the plants regularly for the presence of diseases and pests. Good cultural practices, such as proper sanitation, watering, and fertilization, can help improve the fern's health and prevent disease and pest infestations.
