Origin
Draba arctica J. Vahl ssp. groenlandica (Ekman) Böcher, commonly known as Arctic Whitlowgrass, is a flowering plant species belonging to the Brassicaceae family. It is native to the Arctic regions of North America, including Greenland, Canada, and Alaska.
Common Names
Arctic Whitlowgrass is known by several common names, including Arctic Draba, Greenland Draba, and Snow Whitlowgrass.
Uses
Arctic Whitlowgrass has no known traditional uses by indigenous peoples. However, the species has significance in ecological studies and climatic research as an indicator of the effects of climate change on Arctic vegetation.
General Appearance
Arctic Whitlowgrass is a small herbaceous perennial plant that grows up to 5 cm (2 in) tall. The plant has a dense basal rosette of leaves and a slender stem with tiny white flowers that bloom in early summer. The leaves are oblong or spatulate with rounded tips, covered in fine hairs, and have a gray-green color. The flowers are small, white, and have four petals arranged in a cross shape. The fruit produced is a narrow, cylindrical silique filled with small, round seeds.
Light Requirements
Draba arctica J. Vahl ssp. groenlandica (Ekman) Böcher necessitates full sunlight for optimal growth. It is primarily a sun-loving plant and cannot thrive in areas with limited sunlight. With inadequate light, the plant may become weak and susceptible to diseases and pests.
Temperature Requirements
Draba arctica J. Vahl ssp. groenlandica (Ekman) Böcher requires a cold temperature to survive, which is typical of Arctic and mountain environments. The plant can adapt and grow in areas with temperatures ranging between -30°C to 10°C. It requires a cold stratification period before germination, which is a pre-treatment period at low temperatures to induce seed dormancy and maximize seed viability when conditions are favorable.
Soil Requirements
Draba arctica J. Vahl ssp. groenlandica (Ekman) Böcher can grow in various soil types but prefers well-draining soils rich in organic matter. It can grow in both acidic and alkaline soils but flourishes better in acidic soils with a pH ranging between 5.0 to 6.5. The plant can tolerate harsh soil conditions, including rocky and shallow soils, typical of its native mountain and Arctic habitats.
Cultivation Methods
Draba arctica J. Vahl ssp. groenlandica (Ekman) Böcher, commonly known as Arctic Whitlowgrass, is a hardy perennial plant that thrives in rocky areas, mountain slopes, and alpine meadows. When cultivating this plant, it is important to replicate these conditions as closely as possible. Start by planting the seeds in a well-draining sandy or rocky soil mixture, and ensure that the location has enough sunlight.Watering Needs
Arctic Whitlowgrass is adapted to rough and dry mountain conditions and doesn't require deep watering. Over-wetting the soil can result in root rot, which may kill the plant. For best results, water the plant irregularly only when the topsoil is dry.Fertilization
Typically, Draba arctica J. Vahl ssp. groenlandica doesn't need fertilization. However, in case of weak growth, it can receive a slow-release fertilizer after re-potting during the growing season. Gardeners should apply fertilizers strictly according to the manufacturer's guidelines to avoid burning the roots.Pruning
Pruning usually isn't required, and the plant should be allowed to grow naturally. In some instances, some plants might produce yellowing or withered leaves as they age. To keep the plant healthy, it is recommended to remove such foliage using available pruning tools. Any debris removed should be disposed of appropriately to prevent the spread of plant diseases.Propagation of Draba arctica J. Vahl ssp. groenlandica (Ekman) Böcher
Draba arctica J. Vahl ssp. groenlandica (Ekman) Böcher, commonly known as Greenland Draba, is a small perennial plant that belongs to the Brassicaceae family. This plant is native to Greenland, Canada, and the Arctic regions of Europe, and is characterized by its small yellow flowers that bloom in early summer.
Propagation methods:
1. Seed propagation: The most common method of propagating Draba arctica J. Vahl ssp. groenlandica is through seed propagation. The seeds can be collected in the fall and sown in the spring. The seeds must be stratified at 40°F (4°C) for three months before planting to break the dormancy and promote germination. Once the seeds have sprouted, they can be transplanted into individual pots or directly into the garden.
2. Cuttings propagation: Draba arctica J. Vahl ssp. groenlandica can also be propagated through stem cuttings. This method involves taking stem cuttings from mature plants in the early spring. The cuttings should be approximately four inches long and should be taken from the top of the plant. Dip the cuttings into rooting hormone and plant them in a moist rooting medium, such as a mixture of sand and peat moss. Keep the cuttings in a warm, moist environment until they begin to root, at which point they can be transplanted into individual pots or directly into the garden.
3. Division propagation: Division is another method of propagating Draba arctica J. Vahl ssp. groenlandica. This method involves dividing mature plants in the fall or early spring. Dig up the clumps of plants and carefully separate them into smaller sections, making sure that each section has sufficient roots and foliage. Replant the divided sections immediately into individual pots or directly into the garden.
Regardless of the propagation method chosen, it is important to keep the young plants moist and in a shaded environment until they have become established. With proper care, Draba arctica J. Vahl ssp. groenlandica can be easily propagated and will add beauty to any garden.
Disease Management
Draba arctica J. Vahl ssp. groenlandica (Ekman) Böcher, commonly known as Arctic whitlowgrass, is susceptible to fungal diseases that can lead to foliage spotting, discoloration, and death. One such disease is Alternaria leaf spot, caused by the fungus Alternaria brassicicola. To manage this disease, it is crucial to maintain proper sanitation measures, including removing and destroying infected plant material and avoiding overhead watering. Fungicides containing chlorothalonil can also be used to control the disease.
Another fungal disease that affects Arctic whitlowgrass is downy mildew, caused by Peronospora drabae. The disease causes yellowing and stunting of the plant, and its spores can overwinter in the soil. To manage downy mildew, it is essential to maintain good air circulation around the plant, avoid overhead watering, and apply fungicides containing potassium bicarbonate and neem oil.
Pest Management
Arctic whitlowgrass is vulnerable to aphid infestations, which can cause stunting and curling of foliage and the spread of viral diseases. To manage aphids, it is crucial to introduce beneficial insects like ladybugs and lacewings, which feed on the pest. Applying insecticidal soap can also help control aphid populations.
Thrips can also be a problem for Arctic whitlowgrass, causing discoloration and distorted foliage. Yellow sticky traps can help capture adult thrips, and introducing predatory mites like Neoseiulus cucumeris can help control their populations. In severe cases, insecticides containing spinosad and pyrethrin can be used, but they should be used as a last resort and with caution.
