Origin and Common Names
Dolichos subcapitatus R.Wilczek var. angustifolium Mackinder is a plant that belongs to the family Fabaceae. This plant is commonly known as "Lablab," "Cowpea," or "Hyacinth Bean," and it is native to Africa and Asia.General Appearance
The Dolichos subcapitatus R.Wilczek var. angustifolium Mackinder plant is a climbing vine that can grow up to 4 meters tall. It has slender, twining stems that are covered in soft hair. The leaves are compound, with three leaflets that are lanceolate, about 7-12 cm long and 2-4.5 cm broad. This plant produces purple or white flowers that are about 2-3 cm long, and they appear in clusters. The fruit of the Dolichos subcapitatus R.Wilczek var. angustifolium Mackinder plant is a pod that is 8-15 cm long, and it contains several seeds.Uses
The Dolichos subcapitatus R.Wilczek var. angustifolium Mackinder plant has a wide range of uses. The seeds are edible and can be cooked or roasted. The young leaves and pods are also edible and can be added to soups and stews. Moreover, this plant is used as animal fodder, and it is a popular cover crop due to its ability to fix nitrogen in the soil. In addition, this plant has medicinal properties and is used in traditional medicine to treat various conditions, including inflammatory disorders, diabetes, and hypertension. Overall, the Dolichos subcapitatus R.Wilczek var. angustifolium Mackinder plant is a versatile and useful plant that has many practical applications.Light Requirements
The plant Dolichos subcapitatus R.Wilczek var. angustifolium Mackinder prefers full to partial sun exposure. It requires at least six hours of sunlight each day. If the plant does not receive enough light, it may not bloom properly, and the stems may stretch out and become weak.
Temperature
The ideal temperature range for the plant Dolichos subcapitatus R.Wilczek var. angustifolium Mackinder is between 20-25°C. It cannot tolerate temperatures below 15°C or above 30°C. Frost or prolonged exposure to temperatures below 5°C can kill the plant.
Soil Requirements
Well-draining soil is crucial for the growth of Dolichos subcapitatus R.Wilczek var. angustifolium Mackinder. It requires soil pH around 6.0 - 7.5 in order to thrive. The soil should be rich in organic matter, with good water retention capacity. Sandy loam or loamy sand soil is suitable for this plant. It is important to avoid waterlogged or poorly drained soils, as they can lead to root rot and plant death.
Cultivation methods
Dolichos subcapitatus R.Wilczek var. angustifolium Mackinder prefers a well-draining soil with a neutral pH of around 7.0. The best time to plant the seeds is in the spring when the temperatures start to rise. It grows well in full sun and partial shade and needs protection from harsh winds.
Watering needs
The plant requires regular watering to keep the soil moist but not soggy. One should avoid overwatering and ensure that the soil is well-draining to prevent root rot. During the summer season, the plant may require more frequent watering. Mulching the soil can help retain moisture and keep the plant healthy.
Fertilization
Fertilization is essential to support the growth and development of Dolichos subcapitatus R.Wilczek var. angustifolium Mackinder. One can add a balanced fertilizer, which is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. It is advisable to avoid over-fertilization and follow the manufacturer's instructions on the fertilizer packet. Fertilizing should be done in the early spring and mid-summer.
Pruning
Pruning can help maintain the shape and size of Dolichos subcapitatus R.Wilczek var. angustifolium Mackinder. One should remove the dead or damaged branches and leaves regularly to encourage new growth. It is advisable to prune the plant during the dormant season to prevent any harm to the healthy parts of the plant. One should sterilize the pruning tools before use to prevent the spread of diseases.
Propagation of Dolichos subcapitatus R.Wilczek var. angustifolium Mackinder
Dolichos subcapitatus R.Wilczek var. angustifolium Mackinder, commonly known as the wild bean, can be propagated through various methods such as seed propagation, cuttings, and division.
Seed Propagation
This method involves sowing the seeds directly into the soil or in seedling trays. The seeds should be soaked in water for a few hours before planting to speed up the germination process. It is best to plant the seeds in well-drained soil during the rainy season. The soil should be moist, and the seeds should not be deeply buried in the soil. The seeds generally take two weeks to germinate, after which they can be transplanted to their permanent location.
Cuttings
Growing dolichos subcapitatus through cuttings involves taking stem cuttings from the parent plant. Cut a stem that is 4 to 6 inches long from the parent plant, ensuring it has healthy leaves and no flowers. Dip the cuttings in rooting hormone and plant them in a well-draining soil mixture. Keep the planted cuttings moist and warm, and soon roots will start to form.
Division
This method involves dividing the mature plants into several sections. Gently remove the plant from the soil and divide the plant's root system into different sections with a sharp knife. Replant the divided sections in a well-draining soil mixture.
Regardless of the propagation method, it is essential to maintain a suitable environment for the plants to thrive. Water the plants regularly, provide adequate sunlight, and fertilize the plants as needed.
Disease Management:
The Dolichos subcapitatus R.Wilczek var. angustifolium Mackinder plant is generally resistant to diseases. However, in some cases, it may be susceptible to fungal and bacterial infections. One common disease that can affect the plant is powdery mildew. This disease is characterized by the presence of white, powdery growth on the leaves and stems of the plant. To manage this disease, it is essential to avoid overhead watering and maintain good air flow around the plant. Fungicide treatment can also be employed to control the infection. Another disease that may affect the plant is root rot, caused by overwatering or growing in poorly drained soil. To manage this disease, it is important to monitor the plant's watering schedule carefully and ensure proper drainage. If root rot is detected, the affected plant parts should be removed, and a fungicide treatment can be applied. Leaf spot is another common disease that can affect the Dolichos subcapitatus R.Wilczek var. angustifolium Mackinder plant. This disease is characterized by small, circular spots on the leaves. To manage this disease, it is essential to improve air circulation and avoid overhead watering. Fungicide treatment can also be applied to control the spread of the disease.
Pest Management:
There are several pests that can affect the Dolichos subcapitatus R.Wilczek var. angustifolium Mackinder plant. One of the most common pests is the aphid. These small, soft-bodied insects feed on the plant's sap and can cause leaf curling and yellowing. To manage aphids, it is important to monitor the plants regularly and remove infested leaves. Insecticidal soap or neem oil can be applied to control the population. Spider mites are another common pest that can affect the plant. These tiny, spider-like insects feed on the plant's sap and can cause yellowing and wilting of the leaves. To manage spider mites, it is important to monitor the plants regularly and remove infested leaves. Insecticidal soap or neem oil can be applied to control the population. Finally, whiteflies can also affect the Dolichos subcapitatus R.Wilczek var. angustifolium Mackinder plant. These small, white insects feed on the plant's sap and can cause yellowing and wilting of the leaves. To manage whiteflies, it is important to monitor the plants regularly and remove infested leaves. Insecticidal soap or neem oil can be applied to control the population.
