Plant Description:
Dissotis phaeotricha (Hochst.) Hook.f. var. villosissima A.& R.Fern. is a subshrub that belongs to the Melastomataceae family. It is native to East and Central Africa, particularly found in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda.
Common Names:
The plant is commonly known as the Hairy Dissotis, or in Swahili, it is called "Mchilikuza Mwitu" which literally translates to "Wild Mchilikuza."
Uses:
The plant is used for various medicinal purposes. The roots and leaves are used to treat a variety of ailments, including stomach ulcers, fever, coughs, and diarrhea. In traditional medicine, a concoction of the plant's roots is used to treat snake bites. Moreover, the plant is also used for ornamental purposes due to its beautiful pink-purple flowers that bloom in clusters.
General Appearance:
The Hairy Dissotis has a rounded growth habit that reaches up to 0.6 meters in height. The leaves are oval-shaped, dark green, and hairy on both sides, measuring approximately 4-8 cm in length. The plant's stems are hairy, and the flowers are small, bright pink-purple in color and grow in clusters. The fruit is a tiny capsule with numerous small seeds.
Growth Conditions of Dissotis phaeotricha (Hochst.) Hook.f. var. villosissima A.& R.Fern.
Dissotis phaeotricha (Hochst.) Hook.f. var. villosissima A.& R.Fern. is a tropical plant species that thrives well under favourable growth conditions. The following are some of the essential growth conditions:
Light Requirements
The plant requires bright, indirect sunlight to grow well. Direct sunlight can cause sunburns to the leaves, affecting the overall health of the plant. When exposed to too much heat, the leaves of the plant may wilt and lose their colour.
Temperature Conditions
The plant thrives in warm temperatures that range between 20°C and 25°C. The minimum temperature required for growth is 15°C. Temperatures below 10°C can be harmful to the plant and can cause freezing damage that may result in wilting and death of the plant.
Soil Requirements
The Dissotis phaeotricha (Hochst.) Hook.f. var. villosissima A.& R.Fern. prefers well-draining soils that are rich in organic matter. A pH range of 6.0 to 7.5 is suitable for the plant. The soil should be moist but not waterlogged to prevent root rot. Frequent watering is necessary to ensure that the soil stays moist.
In conclusion, the Dissotis phaeotricha (Hochst.) Hook.f. var. villosissima A.& R.Fern. plant requires bright, indirect sunlight, warm temperatures and rich, well-draining soils that are moist but not waterlogged. Providing the correct growth conditions can ensure the healthy growth of the plant.
Cultivation
Dissotis phaeotricha (Hochst.) Hook.f. var. villosissima A.& R.Fern. is a versatile plant that can be cultivated both indoors and outdoors. When planting outdoors, it is advisable to choose a well-draining soil that is rich in nutrients. The soil should also be slightly acidic, with a pH ranging from 5.5 to 6.5. The plant requires full sunlight to grow well and should be placed in a location with at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily. When planting indoors, ensure that the plant is placed in a well-aerated area that has enough light to sustain the plant.
Watering
Dissotis phaeotricha (Hochst.) Hook.f. var. villosissima A.& R.Fern. requires regular watering to keep the soil moist. However, care should be taken not to overwater the plant as this can lead to root rot. Watering should be done once or twice a week, depending on the climatic conditions and the plant's growth stage. It is advisable to water the plant early in the morning or late in the evening to prevent water loss through evaporation.
Fertilization
It is important to fertilize Dissotis phaeotricha (Hochst.) Hook.f. var. villosissima A.& R.Fern. regularly to ensure that it receives an adequate supply of nutrients. Fertilization should be done during the plant's growing season, which is usually in the spring and summer months. A balanced fertilizer with a ratio of 10-10-10 or 20-20-20 is recommended for the plant. It is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions on how to apply the fertilizer to prevent over-fertilization, which can harm the plant's roots.
Pruning
Pruning is essential for the healthy growth of Dissotis phaeotricha (Hochst.) Hook.f. var. villosissima A.& R.Fern.. Pruning should be done at the end of the plant's blooming period or when the plant reaches a height of about 8 to 12 inches. Pruning should be done by removing dead or damaged leaves and stems to promote new growth and prevent the spread of diseases. Pruning also helps to maintain the plant's shape and size and prevents overcrowding. When pruning, use sharp and sterilized pruning shears to prevent the spread of diseases.
Propagation of Dissotis phaeotricha var. villosissima
Dissotis phaeotricha var. villosissima can be propagated through several methods. These methods include:
Seed propagation
Seed propagation is an easy and effective way to propagate Dissotis phaeotricha var. villosissima. Collect seeds from mature plants once the seed capsule has dried and turned brown. Clean the seeds by removing any debris and store in a cool and dry place until ready to plant.
Fill a seed tray with a well-draining potting mix and sprinkle the seeds on top. Cover with a thin layer of soil and gently water. Place the tray in a warm and bright location and keep the soil lightly moist. Germination should begin within 2-4 weeks.
Stem cuttings
Propagation through stem cuttings is also possible for Dissotis phaeotricha var. villosissima. Select healthy and young stems for this method.
Cut a 6-8 inch section of stem and remove the lower leaves. Dip the cut end into rooting hormone and plant it in a well-draining potting mix. Water thoroughly and cover with a plastic bag or dome to create a humid environment.
Place the pot in a bright, but indirect, light source and keep the soil moist. Rooting should occur within 4-6 weeks.
Division
Division is another viable way to propagate Dissotis phaeotricha var. villosissima. This method is best done in spring.
Remove the plant from its container and gently separate the roots into manageable sections. Replant each section in a well-draining potting mix and water thoroughly.
Place the newly divided plants in a shaded area and keep the soil lightly moist until new growth appears.
Disease and Pest Management for Dissotis Phaeotricha
Dissotis phaeotricha (Hochst.) Hook.f. var. villosissima A. & R. Fern. is a beautiful plant that is commonly grown for its stunning flowers. However, like any other plant, it is vulnerable to various diseases and pests that can damage its growth and affect its health. Thus, it is essential to practice proper disease and pest management to keep the plant healthy and thriving. Here are some of the common diseases and pests that might affect Dissotis phaeotricha and ways to manage them.
Common Diseases
Leaf spots: Leaf spots are dark, circular or irregular spots that appear on the leaves of the plant. They are caused by bacteria or fungi and can lead to loss of leaves and defoliation. To manage leaf spots, prune the affected leaves and dispose of them. Avoid overhead watering and keep the plant dry to prevent moisture buildup. Use copper-based fungicides to control the spread of the disease.
Root rot: Root rot is a fungal disease that affects the roots of the plant, causing them to rot and die. It is caused by overwatering or poorly drained soil. To manage root rot, improve the soil drainage by adding peat moss or perlite. Reduce watering and allow the soil to dry out between watering. Remove the affected plant and soil and replace with new ones.
Powdery mildew: Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that affects the leaves of the plant, causing a powdery white coating on the surface. It is caused by high humidity and poor air circulation. To manage powdery mildew, improve air circulation around the plant by pruning and thinning. Avoid overhead watering and keep the foliage dry. Apply fungicides containing potassium bicarbonate or neem oil to control the disease.
Common Pests
Spider mites: Spider mites are tiny pests that suck the sap out of the leaves, causing yellowing and drying. They are common in hot and dry conditions. To manage spider mites, spray the plant with water to dislodge them. Use insecticidal soap or neem oil to control the pest.
Aphids: Aphids are small insects that suck the sap out of the leaves, causing distortion and stunted growth. They are attracted to new growth and the underside of leaves. To manage aphids, prune the affected parts and dispose of them. Use insecticidal soap or neem oil to control the pest.
Caterpillars: Caterpillars are the larvae of moths and butterflies that feed on the leaves of the plant, causing holes and defoliation. To manage caterpillars, handpick them and dispose of them. Use Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) to control the pest.
In conclusion, proper disease and pest management is crucial to keep Dissotis phaeotricha healthy and beautiful. Regular inspection and prompt action can help prevent and control the spread of diseases and pests. By following the above tips, you can grow a healthy and thriving Dissotis phaeotricha plant.
