Overview
Disperis secunda (Thunb.) Sw. var. aemula Schltr. is a rare orchid plant that is native to South Africa. It is a delicate plant with small, intricate flowers that bloom in the spring.
Common Names
This plant is commonly known as the Two-rowed Disperis or the Little Disperis.
Appearance
The Two-rowed Disperis has small, lanceolate leaves that grow in a basal rosette and are typically found lying flat on the ground. The plant's stem is short and bears a single flower at its apex, which is typically pink or purple in color and approximately 10mm wide. The flower has a distinctive, spoon-shaped lip that curves forward towards the stem and is decorated with small purple or pink spots.
Uses
Disperis secunda (Thunb.) Sw. var. aemula Schltr. is not usually used for medicinal or culinary purposes. Instead, it is often grown as an ornamental plant, prized for its delicate beauty and for the challenge of growing such a rare flower.
Growth Conditions for Disperis secunda (Thunb.) Sw. var. aemula Schltr.
Light: Disperis secunda (Thunb.) Sw. var. aemula Schltr. requires a moderate amount of shade to grow best. Too much direct sunlight can damage the plant, while too little sunlight can stunt its growth and lead to weakened stems and pests. It is recommended to grow the plant under dappled shade or areas with filtered light.
Temperature: Disperis secunda (Thunb.) Sw. var. aemula Schltr. is recommended to be grown in temperatures ranging from 12°C to 25°C. Cooler or higher temperatures may hinder its growth, and frost can cause significant damage to the plant. The recommended temperature for the best growth is around 20°C.
Soil: Disperis secunda (Thunb.) Sw. var. aemula Schltr. prefers a well-draining, nutrient-rich soil that is slightly acidic to neutral in pH, with a pH range of 5.5 to 7.0. The soil should be moist but not waterlogged as the plant may not thrive in waterlogged soils. Sandy loam soils or soils mixed with organic matter are ideal growing media for this plant species. It is important to ensure that the soil does not dry out completely as it can lead to drought stress in the plant.
Cultivation
Disperis secunda (Thunb.) Sw. var. aemula Schltr. is a terrestrial orchid species that originates from South Africa. It is an ideal plant for cultivation indoors, preferably in a greenhouse or conservatory.
The plant prefers a well-draining potting medium rich in organic matter and sand. Use a container with good drainage, as this orchid does not tolerate standing water.
When planting, make sure to place the tuberous rhizomes just below the soil surface, and cover with a thin layer of potting medium. Keep the plant in a warm, humid environment with plenty of light but avoid direct sunlight.
Watering Needs
Disperis secunda (Thunb.) Sw. var. aemula Schltr. requires consistent moisture, but it is important not to over-water. Water once a week or when the soil feels slightly dry to the touch.
Try not to let the plant dry out completely as this can lead to the orchid drying out and ultimately dying. To maintain humidity levels, mist the plant regularly and place a tray of water nearby to increase moisture in the air.
Fertilization
For optimal growth, Disperis secunda (Thunb.) Sw. var. aemula Schltr. needs nutrients and minerals that are not present in most potting media. Feed the plant every two weeks with a balanced fertilizer, diluted to half its strength.
During the growing season, which is usually from spring to summer, use a high-nitrogen fertilizer to promote green leaf growth. During the dormant season, which is typically from fall to winter, use a low-nitrogen fertilizer to promote root growth.
Pruning
Unlike many other orchids, Disperis secunda (Thunb.) Sw. var. aemula Schltr. does not require extensive pruning. However, it is important to remove any yellowing or dead leaves to prevent them from affecting the rest of the plant.
When removing leaves or flower stems, use sterile tools to avoid introducing any bacteria or fungi to the plant. Always cut at a 45-degree angle, as this helps to promote healing and prevent disease.
Propagation of Disperis secunda (Thunb.) Sw. var. aemula Schltr.
Disperis secunda (Thunb.) Sw. var. aemula Schltr. can be propagated through two primary methods: seed propagation and division of rhizomes.
Seed propagation
Disperis secunda (Thunb.) Sw. var. aemula Schltr. can be propagated through seeds. The seed pods should be left on the plant until they turn brown and begin to split open, revealing the seeds. Collect the seeds carefully and sow them in seed starting mix, kept moist and warm. Germination should occur within four weeks. Once the seedlings are large enough to handle, they should be transplanted to their own pots and grown until they are large enough to be planted in the garden.
Division of rhizomes
Disperis secunda (Thunb.) Sw. var. aemula Schltr. can also be propagated by dividing the rhizomes. This is best done in the spring. Carefully dig up the plant and separate the rhizomes, making sure that each section has its own set of roots. Replant the sections in a well-draining soil and keep them consistently moist until they establish themselves.
Disease Management
Disperis secunda (Thunb.) Sw. var. aemula Schltr. is relatively resistant to diseases. However, it may occasionally suffer from fungal infections, which can be caused by different pathogens such as Fusarium, Pythium, and Rhizoctonia. The common signs of fungal infections include leaf spots, wilting, stunted growth, and root rot.
To manage fungal infections, it is recommended to enhance the plant's general health and growth by maintaining proper watering, fertilization, and pruning practices. Affected parts of the plant should be removed and destroyed to prevent further spread. Additionally, applying fungicides containing copper, sulfur, or neem can help control fungal infections.
Pest Management
Disperis secunda is usually not significantly affected by pests. However, pests such as aphids, spider mites, and thrips may occasionally feed on the plant's leaves, leading to defoliation and reduced growth.
To manage these pests, it is recommended to use integrated pest management strategies that include cultural, mechanical, and biological control methods. For instance, washing infested parts of the plant with water or using natural predators such as ladybugs and lacewings can help control aphids and spider mites. Similarly, using sticky traps and applying insecticidal soap can help control thrips effectively.
