Origin
Digitaria uniglumis, commonly known as large crabgrass, is a species of annual grass that is native to Africa but has been widely naturalized in other parts of the world.
Common Names
Large crabgrass is also known as blanket grass, Dallis grass, hairy crabgrass, summer grass, and tropical crabgrass.
Appearance
The plant grows up to 3 feet tall and has long, narrow leaves that can range from light green to purple. The stem is upright and can be either smooth or hairy. The inflorescence of Digitaria uniglumis is a spike-like panicle that branches out into several long, slender appendages. The seeds are small and oval-shaped, with a distinctive twisted shape.
Uses
Large crabgrass is often considered a weed and can be found growing in lawns, gardens, and roadside areas. However, it is also used as a forage grass for livestock and wildlife, as well as a soil stabilizer for erosion control. In some cultures, the seeds are ground into flour and used to make porridge or cakes.
hereLight Requirements:
Digitaria uniglumis grows well in full sunlight but can tolerate partial shade.
Temperature Requirements:
Digitaria uniglumis thrives in warm temperatures ranging from 65-85°F (18-30°C). It can withstand moderate drought conditions but does not tolerate frost.
Soil Requirements:
The plant prefers well-drained soil that is fertile and rich in organic matter. It can grow in a variety of soils, including sandy or loam soil, but does not tolerate waterlogged soils. The soil pH range should be between 5.0-7.5.
Cultivation Methods
Digitaria uniglumis, commonly known as large crabgrass, is a warm-season perennial grass. It is relatively easy to cultivate as it can grow in a wide range of soil types. It is recommended to plant this grass in sunny, well-drained areas. The ideal temperature range for planting is between 70°F to 80°F. You can propagate Digitaria uniglumis by seeding or planting sods.
Watering Needs
Watering young Digitaria uniglumis is essential as the plant requires adequate moisture to establish its roots. Once the plant is established, it can tolerate drought conditions, but it is recommended to water the plant regularly during the growing season. Deep and infrequent watering is ideal for this grass as it allows the roots to absorb as much moisture as possible.
Fertilization
Digitaria uniglumis requires a lot of nutrients to grow healthy and lush. It is recommended to apply fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium during the growing season. Ideally, you should apply the fertilizer during the early summer or spring when the grass begins to grow. Organic fertilizers, such as compost or manure, can also be used to provide the necessary nutrients for growth.
Pruning
Pruning Digitaria uniglumis is essential to maintain its healthy growth and shape. You can cut the grass as you deem fit with a mower, which will encourage it to grow denser. It is recommended to cut the grass to a height of 2-3 inches to maintain its health. Avoid pruning the grass too short as it can weaken the plant, making it susceptible to diseases and pests.
Propagation of Digitaria uniglumis
Digitaria uniglumis, commonly known as the large crabgrass, can be propagated through seeds, stem cuttings, and division.
Propagation through seeds
The easiest way to propagate Digitaria uniglumis is through seeds. The seeds can be sowed directly into the ground, just after the frost, or indoors in pots. The indoor method can be used to get a head start on the growing season. The seeds germinate quickly in warm soil, and the seedlings can be transplanted outdoors whenever they are capable of sustaining themselves.
Propagation through stem cuttings
Stem cuttings can also be used for propagation. Select stems that are green and mature, but not woody. Cut the stem at an angle, around four inches from the tip. The cuttings should be planted in moist soil and kept in a warm, bright area. The cuttings will sprout new roots and be ready for transplantation in a few weeks' time.
Propagation through division
The division method involves separating the plant's rhizomes, which are sections of the root system that grow horizontally. This method is best suited for mature plants. Using a sharp spade, carefully divide the rhizomes, making sure that each division has a few shoots and roots. These new plants can be replanted in pots or directly in the ground, and should be watered regularly until they establish themselves.
Disease Management
Digitaria uniglumis can suffer from various fungal diseases such as leaf spot, rust, and smut. Leaf spot is characterized by spots on the leaves with brown margins, and it can be managed by avoiding overhead irrigation and ensuring proper spacing between plants. Rust appears as orange or yellow pustules on the leaves and can be managed by removing and destroying infected leaves and avoiding high humidity conditions. Smut is a fungal disease that affects the flower heads and can be managed by removing the affected plant parts and using resistant varieties.
Pest Management
Digitaria uniglumis can be affected by several pests such as armyworms, cutworms, and grasshoppers. Armyworms and cutworms eat the leaves and stems of the plant and can be managed by handpicking them and using biological control methods such as using Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Btk). Grasshoppers can eat the leaves and stems as well, and they can be managed by using barriers such as row covers and keeping the surrounding areas clean from weeds and debris.
