Overview
Dichanthium intermedium (R.Br.) de Wet & J.R.Harlan, also commonly known as intermedia rosette grass, is a perennial plant belonging to the Poaceae family. It is native to South and Southeast Asia, as well as the Pacific Islands. This grass is mainly used for forage and fodder, making it a significant plant in the agricultural sector.
Appearance
The palatable intermedia rosette grass is known to grow up to 2 meters in height. The plant produces numerous culms that remain erect or curve at the top. The leaf blades of dichanthium intermedium are narrow, about 10 to 15 cm long, and 2 to 5 mm wide. The leaves are dark green and can be sparsely hairy, especially around the margins. Inflorescence consisting of two to six spikes arise from the axils of the upper leaves.
Uses
Dichanthium intermedium is commonly used for forage due to its high nutritional value. It is used to provide food for livestock in areas where other crops are rare. Additionally, the plant is sometimes used for erosion control and to rehabilitate degraded lands. It is also sometimes used in traditional medicine for the treatment of smallpox and other diseases.
hereLight Requirements
Dichanthium intermedium is a grass species that requires moderate levels of sunlight for optimum growth. It grows well in areas with sufficient light intensity throughout the day. Under low light conditions, the plant may grow taller and become spindly.
Temperature Requirements
The growth of Dichanthium intermedium is greatly influenced by temperature. The plant prefers warm and temperate climates, and it grows well in areas with a mean annual temperature of between 17°C and 25°C. The optimal temperature range for its growth is 20°C to 27°C. In cooler areas, its growth may be slower, and its yield may be reduced.
Soil Requirements
Dichanthium intermedium grows well in a range of soils, but it prefers well-draining, fertile soils. The plant can tolerate higher levels of salinity and alkalinity in the soil compared to other grass species. However, it does not do well in waterlogged soils or poorly drained areas. Soil pH values between 6.0 and 7.5 are ideal for its growth.
Cultivation
Dichanthium intermedium is commonly known as pubescent grass, and it grows well in a wide range of soils. However, it prefers sandy loam or clayey loam soil. This grass is sensitive to frost and has a moderate tolerance to salt. The best time to plant the seeds is during the spring or rainy season, and they can be sown directly onto the soil.
Watering Needs
Despite being drought-tolerant, Dichanthium intermedium requires regular watering for proper growth and development. It would be best if you watered the plant every seven to ten days in dry weather conditions. Overwatering can cause root rot, and consequently, it is essential to ensure proper drainage to prevent waterlogging.
Fertilization
This grass requires moderate fertilization to thrive. You should apply nitrogen-rich fertilizers once every three months. However, it would be best to conduct a soil test to determine the nutrient deficiency. This way, you can apply the necessary fertilizer in the right proportion, which will help improve the grass's growth and overall health.
Pruning
Dichanthium intermedium does not require pruning like some other plants. However, to maintain its dense, lush foliage, you can occasionally mow the grass to about three inches above the ground. This mowing height will promote tillering, which encourages the growth of new stems and leaves.
Propagation of Dichanthium intermedium (R.Br.) de Wet & J.R.Harlan
Dichanthium intermedium (R.Br.) de Wet & J.R.Harlan can be propagated by both seeds and vegetative methods. The plant is well adapted to challenging environmental conditions and can grow in a wide range of soil types, including sandy, loamy, and rocky soils.
Propagation through Seeds
Seeds of Dichanthium intermedium (R.Br.) de Wet & J.R.Harlan are readily available, and propagation by seeds is the most common method. Seed germination typically occurs in the rainy season, and the seeds require adequate moisture and warm temperatures to germinate successfully.
The seeds should be planted in well-prepared soil at a depth of 1-2 cm and watered regularly. Germination usually occurs within 10-14 days, and the seedlings can be transplanted after four to six weeks. The seedlings should be planted at a distance of 15-20 cm to allow for proper growth and development.
Propagation through Vegetative Methods
Dichanthium intermedium (R.Br.) de Wet & J.R.Harlan can also be propagated through vegetative methods such as stem cuttings and division of rhizomes. This method involves taking stem cuttings or dividing the rhizomes and planting them in well-prepared soil.
For stem cuttings, select healthy stems of the plant and cut them into 5-10 cm pieces. Plant them in well-prepared soil at a depth of 1-2 cm and water regularly. The cuttings will develop roots within two to three weeks and can be transplanted after four to six weeks.
For division of rhizomes, carefully dig up the plant and separate the rhizomes into smaller sections. Plant the sections in well-prepared soil at a depth of 1-2 cm and water regularly. The divided plants will grow and develop new shoots within a few weeks and can be transplanted after four to six weeks.
Overall, Dichanthium intermedium (R.Br.) de Wet & J.R.Harlan can be propagated successfully through seed and vegetative methods. It is a hardy, drought-tolerant plant that is well suited for use in pasture, range, and wildlife habitats.
Disease Management
Dichanthium intermedium is susceptible to various diseases, such as leaf blight, smut, rust, and leaf spot. These diseases can cause significant damage to the plant if left untreated.
One way to manage leaf blight is to remove all infected leaves and dispose of them properly. Additionally, fungicides such as copper-based products can be used to prevent the spread of the disease. For smut control, crop rotation and the use of resistant cultivars are effective methods. Rust can be managed by ensuring adequate drainage and using a fungicide, while leaf spot can be controlled with the use of fungicides and good cultural practices.
Pest Management
Dichanthium intermedium can be affected by pests such as stem borers, shoot fly, and armyworms. These pests can cause damage to the leaves and stems of the plant, leading to reduced yield and quality.
One way to manage stem borers is through the use of insecticides or by physically removing the affected parts of the plant. Shoot fly can be controlled by timely planting and the use of insecticides. Armyworms can be managed by introducing natural predators or by using insecticides.
It is important to monitor the plant regularly for signs of disease and pests, and to take prompt action to prevent the spread of such problems. Good cultural practices, such as adequate spacing, proper irrigation, and adequate fertilization, can also help to prevent disease and pest infestation.
