Origin
Diaphananthe erecto-calcarata (De Wild.) Summerh. is a species of orchid in the family Orchidaceae. This plant is native to tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, including Cameroon, Gabon, and the Congo Basin.
Common Names
Diaphananthe erecto-calcarata is commonly known as the Cameroonian Diaphananthe or the Erect-lipped Diaphananthe.
Uses
Diaphananthe erecto-calcarata is primarily grown as an ornamental plant for its attractive and showy flowers. It is popular among orchid collectors and enthusiasts worldwide. The plant is also believed to have medicinal properties, and some African tribes use its extracts for various medicinal purposes such as curing fever, stomach upsets, and headaches.
General Appearance
Diaphananthe erecto-calcarata is a small to medium-sized orchid that grows up to 20 cm tall. It has thin, elongated leaves that grow opposite each other along the stem. The flowers are small and grow in clusters of 5 to 15 at the end of the stem. The flowers are usually white, green or yellow in color, and have a tubular shape, with two lip-like petals at the opening. The plant blooms in the summer season, and the flowers last for a few weeks.
Light requirements
Diaphananthe erecto-calcarata typically grows in light conditions ranging from medium to bright. It should not be exposed to direct sunlight as it can scorch the leaves. It is best to place the plant in a location with filtered light or partial shade.
Temperature requirements
The plant prefers moderate temperatures between 18-26 °C. It can withstand cooler temperatures down to 14 °C but will not tolerate anything below that. In colder months, it is best to keep the plant in a warm location away from chilly drafts.
Soil requirements
Diaphananthe erecto-calcarata requires a well-draining soil mix that consists of sphagnum moss, perlite, and bark chips. The plant prefers a slightly acidic environment with a pH range of 5.5-6.5. The soil should be kept moist but not waterlogged, as this can lead to root rot.
Cultivation methods
Diaphananthe erecto-calcarata is an epiphytic orchid that is native to tropical regions of Africa. To cultivate this plant, it is essential to provide it with the appropriate growing conditions. It prefers bright, indirect light and high humidity levels. A well-draining orchid mix is also essential for its growth. It can be grown in a pot with a drainage hole or mounted on a tree bark.
Watering needs
The watering routine for Diaphananthe erecto-calcarata should be based on the growing conditions. It requires frequent watering in hot and dry conditions, but its roots should not be kept waterlogged. During the warmer months, it is recommended to water the plant twice a week, but in the cooler months, watering once or twice a month should suffice.
Fertilization
To support the plant's growth, it is important to provide it with adequate nutrients. Fertilize the Diaphananthe erecto-calcarata once a month with a balanced orchid fertilizer. During the growing seasons, a higher level of nitrogen can be provided for it to develop rapidly.
Pruning
Pruning your Diaphananthe erecto-calcarata will help it to stay healthy and thrive. Remove dead or yellowing leaves regularly to avoid the spread of infections and disease-causing microorganisms. Moreover, if the plant has outgrown the pot or has started to take up too much space, you can prune the aerial roots and repot it into a fresh growing medium.
Propagation of Diaphananthe erecto-calcarata
Diaphananthe erecto-calcarata can be propagated through two primary methods - seed propagation and division of the plant.
Seed propagation
The first method involves propagating the plant through seeds, which are readily available. Be sure to collect seeds from ripe capsules and once obtained, rinse them in water to remove any pulp. Allow the seeds to dry overnight and then sow them on a sterile seedling mix. Cover the seeds with a thin layer of sand and place them in a warm and humid location. With appropriate care and maintenance, the seeds will germinate within two to four weeks. Once the seedlings reach 1-2 inches in height, transplant them to a well-draining potting mix.
Division of the plant
The second method of propagating Diaphananthe erecto-calcarata involves the division of the plant. This method should be done during the time of repotting. The plant has a pseudobulb, which can be carefully cut into sections, ensuring that each section retains a healthy root system and at least one new shoot. Place each divided section into its respective pot, making sure that the potting mix is well-draining and consists of the appropriate nutrients. Water the newly divided plants thoroughly and keep them in bright, indirect light, ensuring that the mix stays moist while the plant establishes.
Disease and Pest Management for Diaphananthe erecto-calcarata (De Wild.) Summerh.
Diaphananthe erecto-calcarata (De Wild.) Summerh. is an orchid species native to Africa. Orchids are valuable ornamental plants, and it is essential to maintain them to prevent losses due to pests and diseases. Here are some common diseases and pests that might affect the plant and suggestions to manage them.
Diseases
Bacterial Soft Rot is caused by various bacteria that lead to rotting of the pseudobulbs. The infected parts become dark brown and start to disintegrate. To prevent this disease, you should ensure that the plant's growing medium is well-draining since the bacteria thrive in stagnant water. Avoid over-watering and fertilizing the orchid. Remove and destroy the infected parts to prevent the spread of the bacteria.
Fungal Leaf Spots are caused by fungi that cause irregular brown spots on the leaves. The spots can lead to leaf drop, and severe infections can weaken the plant. To control fungal leaf spots, you should keep the plant dry and improve air circulation. You can also apply fungicides to the foliage, which will help control the infection.
Pests
Spider Mites are tiny pests that cause stippling on the leaves and webbing on the plant. They suck sap from the leaves, causing them to turn yellow and drop. You can manage spider mites by keeping the plant well-watered and increasing humidity levels, as they prefer dry conditions. You can also apply insecticides to the foliage, following the manufacturer's instructions.
Mealybugs are pests that appear as white, cottony masses on the undersides of the leaves and in crevices of the plant. They suck sap from the plant, causing yellowing and stunted growth. You can control mealybugs by removing them physically with a cotton swab soaked in alcohol or insecticidal soap. You can also apply pesticides, such as neem oil and imidacloprid, to the foliage, but you should read the label carefully before use.
In conclusion, preventing and managing diseases and pests is crucial to maintaining the health of Diaphananthe erecto-calcarata (De Wild.) Summerh. You should monitor the plant regularly and take prompt action if you notice any signs of diseases or pests.
