Origin and Common Names
Desmodium procumbens (P. Mill.) A.S. Hitchc. var. procumbens, commonly known as creeping ticktrefoil, is a perennial plant species belonging to the Fabaceae family. Native to the tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, and South America, this plant has now spread as a weed in many parts of the world. It is known by various names, such as beggar lice, tick clover, and creeping indigo.
Appearance
The creeping ticktrefoil plant has a prostrate growth habit, meaning it grows close to the ground and spreads out horizontally. It can grow up to a height of 2 feet and has slender stems that are pubescent, meaning they have fine hairs. The leaves are trifoliate, which means they have three leaflets per leaf, and the leaflets are oval-shaped with toothed margins. The flowers are small, pinkish-purple in color and grow in clusters at the tips of the branches. The fruit is a flattened pod containing several seeds that are covered in hairs and can cling to animal fur or clothing, allowing the plant to spread easily.
Uses
Desmodium procumbens has several medicinal uses and is widely used in traditional medicine systems. The root and aerial parts of the plant contain alkaloids, flavonoids, and other phytochemicals that give it anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antioxidant properties. In some cultures, the plant is used to treat snake bites, respiratory problems, and fever. The plant's roots are also used to promote lactation, and the plant is believed to have aphrodisiac properties. In addition to its medicinal uses, the plant is also used as fodder for livestock.
Growth Conditions for Desmodium procumbens var. procumbens
Desmodium procumbens (P. Mill.) A.S. Hitchc. var. procumbens is a low-growing, perennial herb that belongs to the legume family. It is also commonly known as creeping tick trefoil and is known for its small, delicate flowers.Light Requirements:
Desmodium procumbens prefers a partially shaded position. The plant can grow in full sun but may struggle if it is exposed to direct sunlight for extended periods. In general, the plant prefers bright, indirect light.Temperature Requirements:
This plant is fairly hardy and can tolerate a range of temperatures. It grows best in a warm, humid environment but can also grow in cooler conditions if provided with enough light.Soil Requirements:
Desmodium procumbens prefers moist, fertile soil but can tolerate a range of soil types. The plant prefers well-draining soil that is rich in nutrients. It is also tolerant of acidic soils. Overall, Desmodium procumbens var. procumbens is a relatively easy plant to care for. As long as it is provided with adequate light and water, it should thrive in most environments.Cultivation of Desmodium Procumbens
Desmodium Procumbens is a tropical plant that is relatively easy to cultivate. The plant prefers well-drained soil and is tolerant of a range of soil types, including sandy, loamy, and clay soils. It is best to plant the seeds in a location that receives plenty of sunlight but is also shaded for part of the day.
When planting Desmodium Procumbens, it is essential to make sure that the seedlings are well-watered and kept in a warm location. The plant can be grown from seed or propagated from root divisions.
Watering Needs
Desmodium Procumbens needs to be watered regularly to ensure that the soil does not dry out completely. The plant prefers consistent moisture, but it is essential not to overwater the plant. Overwatering can lead to root rot and can be harmful to the plant's health.
A good way to keep the soil moist is to use a moisture meter to test the soil's moisture content regularly. If the soil is dry, water the plant until the excess water drains away from the bottom of the pot.
Fertilization
To help Desmodium Procumbens grow healthy and strong, regular fertilization is essential. The plant responds well to organic fertilizers and slow-release fertilizers. Applying fertilizer every three to four weeks will provide the plant with the nutrients it needs to grow healthily and produce vibrant blooms.
It is essential not to apply too much fertilizer, as this can be harmful to the plant. Follow the instructions on the fertilizer package, and apply the correct amount of fertilizer to your plant.
Pruning
Regular pruning is essential to maintain the shape and health of Desmodium Procumbens. Pruning should be done in the early spring or late winter when the plant is dormant. It is essential to remove any old or damaged growth, ensuring that the plant remains healthy and vigorous.
When pruning, you should use sharp and sterile pruning shears to avoid injuring the plant. Make clean cuts at a 45-degree angle, and cut just above a healthy bud to promote healthy regrowth.
Following these cultivation and care guidelines can ensure that your Desmodium Procumbens stays healthy and produces beautiful and vibrant blooms.
Propagation methods of Desmodium procumbens var. procumbens
Desmodium procumbens var. procumbens can be propagated through various methods, including:
Seed propagation
The most common way to propagate Desmodium procumbens var. procumbens is through seeds. The plant produces small, black seeds that can be easily collected. The seeds should be sown in seedling trays or in the ground, preferably during the rainy season when the soil is moist. Cover the seeds lightly with soil and water them regularly.
Cutting propagation
Desmodium procumbens var. procumbens can also be propagated through cuttings. Take stem cuttings from a healthy, mature plant and remove the lower leaves. Dip the cut end of the stem in rooting hormone powder and plant it in a pot filled with well-draining soil. Keep the soil moist and place the pot in a shaded area. The cutting should take root within two to three weeks.
Division propagation
Another way to propagate Desmodium procumbens var. procumbens is through division. This method is best done when the plant is already mature and has a large clump of roots. Dig up the plant and gently separate the clump into smaller sections, making sure each section has some roots and shoots. Replant each section in a well-draining soil, keeping it moist until it establishes itself.
With proper care and attention, Desmodium procumbens var. procumbens can be propagated successfully, providing a steady supply of this useful plant.
Disease Management
Desmodium procumbens is susceptible to several diseases, including fungal and bacterial infections. The most common diseases affecting this plant are:
- Leaf Spot: This disease is caused by the fungus Cercospora desmodii and appears as circular brown spots on the leaves. To manage this disease, diseased leaves should be removed and destroyed. Fungicides like copper-based products can also be used to control the spread of the disease.
- Root Rot: This disease is caused by several fungi, including Fusarium and Phytophthora. Symptoms include wilting, yellowing of leaves, and stunted growth. To manage this disease, improve soil drainage and avoid over-watering. A fungicide can be used as a last resort if the disease persists.
- Powdery Mildew: This disease is caused by the fungus Erysiphe cichoracearum and appears as a white powdery substance on the leaves. To manage this disease, improve air circulation and avoid overhead watering. Fungicides like neem oil can also be used.
Pest Management
Desmodium procumbens is generally free from major pest infestations. However, there are a few pests that can attack this plant, including:
- Aphids: These tiny insects suck the sap from the plants and cause curling and yellowing of leaves. To manage this pest, spray the plant with a stream of water to dislodge the aphids. Insecticidal soap or neem oil can also be used.
- Caterpillars: These larvae of moths and butterflies eat the leaves of the plant and can cause serious damage. To manage this pest, handpick the caterpillars and destroy them. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) can also be used as a biological control.
