Overview
Descurainia richardsonii O.E. Schulz ssp. procera (Greene) Detling, also known as tall tansy mustard, is a herbaceous perennial plant that belongs to the Brassicaceae family. It is a native plant to western North America and typically grows in dry, open areas such as roadsides, fields, and sagebrush habitats.
Appearance
The plant can reach a height between 20 and 100 cm and has a fibrous root system. It has many small, yellow flowers that form in terminal racemes. The leaves of tall tansy mustard are pinnately divided and can range in color from green to a blue-green color.
Common Names
Tall tansy mustard is commonly referred to as Richardson's tansy mustard or procera tansy mustard.
Uses
Historically, various parts of the plant have been used for medicinal purposes by indigenous peoples to treat ailments such as coughs, colds, and gastrointestinal issues. The plant is also used as a forage crop for livestock due to its high protein content. Tall tansy mustard is currently being studied for its potential to remediate contaminated soils due to its ability to tolerate heavy metals and other pollutants.
Light Requirements
Descurainia richardsonii ssp. procera requires full sun to partial shade for optimal growth. In areas with high temperatures, partial shade may be necessary to prevent the plant from drying out.
Temperature Requirements
The plant is well adapted to cold temperatures and can withstand frost. However, it also requires warm temperatures to facilitate growth. The optimal temperature range for Descurainia richardsonii ssp. procera is between 15°C and 25°C.
Soil Requirements
Descurainia richardsonii ssp. procera grows well in a variety of soils, but thrives in well-drained, sandy loam soils. The plant prefers neutral to alkaline soils with a pH range of 6.0-8.5. It does not grow well in heavy clay soils or soils that are constantly wet.
Cultivation Methods
Descurainia richardsonii O.E. Schulz ssp. procera (Greene) Detling, commonly known as tall tansy mustard, is an annual or biennial plant that is native to western North America. It is a hardy plant that is tolerant of a wide range of soil conditions, although it prefers well-draining soil with a neutral pH. It grows best in full sun but can tolerate partial shade. Sow the seeds directly in the ground in the spring or fall, about 1/8 inch deep. Thin the seedlings to 6-8 inches apart to provide sufficient space for growth.
Watering Needs
Descurainia richardsonii needs regular watering to establish the plant, but it is relatively drought-tolerant once established. Water the plant deeply once a week, ensuring that the soil is moist but not waterlogged. Adjust the watering frequency and amount based on the weather conditions. Avoid allowing the soil to dry out completely, which could cause stress to the plant.
Fertilization
Descurainia richardsonii does not require frequent fertilization, but adding compost to the soil when planting will provide the necessary nutrients for the plant to grow. You can also add a slow-release fertilizer later in the growing season to encourage growth and flowering. Be sure to follow the manufacturer's instructions and avoid over-fertilizing, which can lead to excess foliage growth instead of flowers.
Pruning
Descurainia richardsonii does not require extensive pruning, but removing spent flowers regularly can encourage the plant to produce more blooms. Pinching the growing tips can also promote bushy growth and prevent the plant from becoming too leggy. Remove any damaged or diseased foliage as soon as possible to prevent the spread of disease and to encourage new growth.
Propagation of Descurainia richardsonii O.E. Schulz ssp. procera
Descurainia richardsonii O.E. Schulz ssp. procera is propagated using mainly seeds. However, other methods such as stem cuttings and division can also be used.
Propagation by seeds
The best time to collect seeds from the plant is in the fall. After collecting the seeds, ensure that they are thoroughly cleaned and dried to prevent fungal infections. The seeds should then be stored in a cool, dry place ready for planting in spring. Sow the seeds in a well-prepared seedbed and cover lightly with soil. The seedbed should be kept moist at all times during the germination period which usually takes about 10 to 14 days.
Propagation by stem cuttings
To propagate Descurainia richardsonii O.E. Schulz ssp. procera through stem cuttings, select healthy stems and take cuttings that are about 10 cm long. Ensure that the cuttings have at least three nodes and all foliage is removed from the lower part of the stem. The cuttings should be soaked in a rooting hormone and planted in seed trays filled with moist potting soil. Keep the soil moist and the tray in a warm, bright area with indirect sunlight. Within a few weeks, the cuttings should form new roots and can be transplanted to a larger pot or moved outside to a garden bed.
Propagation by division
Propagation by division in Descurainia richardsonii O.E. Schulz ssp. procera can be done in spring or fall. Dig out the plant carefully taking care not to damage the roots. Divide the roots into smaller sections with a sharp knife ensuring each section has a stem with foliage. Replant the divisions in well-prepared soil at the same depth as the original plant and water them thoroughly.
Disease Management for Descurainia richardsonii O.E. Schulz ssp. procera
Descurainia richardsonii O.E. Schulz ssp. procera is a hardy plant that can tolerate a wide range of environmental conditions. However, certain diseases can affect the plant's growth and development. Some of the common diseases that may affect this plant include:
- Leaf rust: This disease is caused by fungi that infect the leaves of the plant. Symptoms include yellow or brown spots on the leaves that may eventually turn black.
- Powdery mildew: This disease is caused by fungi that form a white, powdery layer on the leaves and stems of the plant. It can cause stunted growth and poor plant development.
- Root rot: Overwatering or poorly draining soil can lead to root rot, which is caused by fungi that infect the roots. Symptoms include wilted leaves, yellowing, and stunted growth.
To manage these diseases, it is important to practice good cultural practices such as proper watering and fertilization, as well as ensuring good air circulation around the plant. Fungicides may also be used to control leaf rust and powdery mildew.
Pest Management for Descurainia richardsonii O.E. Schulz ssp. procera
Descurainia richardsonii O.E. Schulz ssp. procera is relatively resistant to pest infestations. However, some pests may cause damage to the plant. These include:
- Aphids: These small, soft-bodied insects can cause distorted growth and yellowing of leaves.
- Spider mites: These tiny pests can cause yellow speckling on leaves and webs on the plant. They thrive in hot, dry conditions.
One effective way to manage pest infestations is to encourage natural predators such as ladybugs and lacewings. Insecticidal soap or neem oil can be used to control aphids and spider mites. It is important to follow instructions carefully and avoid using excessive amounts of pesticides, which can harm both the plant and beneficial insects.
