Deinbollia evrardii Hauman: A Detailed Description
Deinbollia evrardii Hauman is a plant species that belongs to the family of the Sapindaceae. It is commonly known as "Bois Canon" and "Black Currant Tree". The plant is primarily found in the tropical areas of Africa, especially in Cameroon, where it is endemic.
General Appearance
The tree can grow up to a height of 25 meters with a trunk diameter of about 50 cm. It has a straight, cylindrical, and greyish-brown bark. The leaves are compound, alternate, and imparipinnate, with ovate to elliptical leaflets, measuring about 7-10 cm long. The leaves are dark green in color, and they turn reddish before they fall off.
The flowers of the Deinbollia evrardii Hauman are unisexual, with male and female flowers occurring on the same plant. The inflorescence is panicle-shaped, with small, fragrant, white to greenish-yellow flowers. The fruit of the plant is a fleshy drupe that is black when ripe. The fruit has a single seed and is about 1-2 cm in diameter.
Uses
The fruit of the Deinbollia evrardii Hauman is edible and has medicinal properties. It is rich in vitamin C and is used for the treatment of diarrhea and dysentery. The fruit also has antioxidant properties that help to protect the body against free radicals.
The bark and leaves of the plant are also used for various medicinal purposes. The bark is used to treat fever and malaria, while the leaves are used to treat skin infections and wounds. The plant is also used in traditional African medicine to induce childbirth and treat menstrual problems.
In addition to its medicinal value, the Deinbollia evrardii Hauman is also used for timber. The wood is strong and durable and is used for making furniture, flooring, and construction.
Conclusion
The Deinbollia evrardii Hauman is a valuable plant species that has various medicinal and economic uses. Its fruit, bark, and leaves are used for medicinal purposes, and its wood is used for various commercial purposes. The plant is an essential part of the African traditional medicine and a significant contributor to the economy of the continent.
Light Requirements
Deinbollia evrardii Hauman requires bright, indirect sunlight for optimal growth. Direct sunlight can cause leaf burn, so it is best to place the plant near a window with filtered light or in a shaded area outside. Too little light can cause stunted growth and reduced flowering.
Temperature Requirements
The plant requires warm and humid conditions to thrive. Temperatures between 60°F to 80°F are ideal, and temperatures below 50°F can cause damage to the plant. Deinbollia evrardii Hauman should be kept away from cold drafts, air conditioning units, and heating vents.
Soil Requirements
Deinbollia evrardii Hauman requires moist, well-draining soil for optimal growth. The soil should be rich in organic matter with a pH range of 5.5-6.5. Sandy or clay soils should be amended with compost or peat moss to ensure good drainage. The plant prefers mildly acidic soil but can also do well in slightly alkaline soil.
Cultivation
Deinbollia evrardii Hauman is a tropical plant that requires specific growing conditions to thrive. It is best grown in warm, humid environments with plenty of light, but not in direct sunlight. The plant can be grown outdoors in USDA zones 9-11, or indoors in pots.
When planting Deinbollia evrardii Hauman, it is best to use a well-draining soil mix that is rich in organic matter. The soil should be kept moist but not waterlogged, and the plant should be watered regularly to maintain its moisture levels.
Watering Needs
The watering needs of Deinbollia evrardii Hauman vary depending on its growing environment. In warmer areas, the plant will require more frequent watering, while in cooler areas, it will require less frequent watering. It is important to avoid overwatering the plant, as this can lead to root rot and other diseases. Ensure that the soil is well-drained and not waterlogged, and allow the soil to dry out slightly between waterings.
Fertilization
Regular fertilization is essential for the growth and health of Deinbollia evrardii Hauman. The plant should be fertilized with a balanced fertilizer every two to three weeks during the growing season. The fertilizer should be applied at the base of the plant and watered in thoroughly. In the winter months, fertilization can be reduced or stopped altogether.
Pruning
Deinbollia evrardii Hauman does not require extensive pruning, but it can benefit from occasional pruning to control its size and shape. Pruning should be done in the spring or summer before new growth appears. The plant can be pruned lightly to remove any dead or damaged branches, and to shape the plant. Any branches that are crossing or rubbing against each other should be removed to prevent damage.
Propagation of Deinbollia evrardii Hauman
Deinbollia evrardii Hauman is a tropical plant that is propagated by various methods. The plant can be propagated by seeds, stem cuttings, and air layering. The following are some details on the propagation methods:
Propagation by seeds
Seeds from Deinbollia evrardii Hauman should be collected from mature plants and sown while fresh, as they have a short viability period. The seeds should be soaked in water for 24 hours to soften the hard outer covering. Then, they can be sown in a well-draining potting mix and covered lightly with soil. The pot should be placed in a warm and humid area with indirect sunlight. Germination can take up to 4-6 weeks, and the seedlings should be transplanted into individual pots once they have a few leaves. They can be later transplanted into the field when they are well established.
Propagation by stem cuttings
Stem cuttings from mature plants can also be used to propagate Deinbollia evrardii Hauman. The best time to take cuttings is during the growing season, when the plant is actively growing. Cuttings should be taken from healthy and disease-free plants, and the stem should be about 10-15 cm long. The lower leaves should be removed, and the cuttings should be dipped in a rooting hormone before planting in a well-draining potting mix. The pot should be placed in a warm and humid area with indirect sunlight. Rooting can take up to 3-4 weeks, and once the cuttings have established roots, they can be transplanted into individual pots. They can be later transplanted into the field when they are well established.
Propagation by air layering
Air layering is another method of propagating Deinbollia evrardii Hauman. It is best done during the growing season when the plant is actively growing. An incision should be made in the middle of the stem, and a portion of the bark should be removed. A rooting hormone should be applied to the exposed area, and it should be wrapped in a moist sphagnum moss. The wrapped area should be covered in plastic wrap to maintain humidity, and it should be tied securely with twine. Once roots have developed, the rooted layer can be removed and planted in a well-draining potting mix. They can be later transplanted into the field when they are well established.
Disease and Pest Management for Deinbollia evrardii Hauman
Deinbollia evrardii Hauman, commonly known as the African tobaccobush, is a fast-growing shrub that is native to tropical Africa. It is an ornamental plant that is grown for its attractive foliage, colorful flowers, and edible fruit. Like other plants, the African tobaccobush is susceptible to diseases and pests, which can affect its growth, yield, and quality. Therefore, it is important to manage these problems to keep the plant healthy and productive.
Common diseases affecting Deinbollia evrardii Hauman
The African tobaccobush is prone to several diseases, including:
- Anthracnose: A fungal disease that causes dark spots on the leaves and stems, which can eventually lead to leaf drop and twig dieback.
- Mildew: A fungal disease that causes a powdery white coating on the leaves, which can stunt growth and reduce yield.
- Leaf spot: A bacterial or fungal disease that causes brown or black spots on the leaves, which can lead to defoliation and weaken the plant.
Management of Deinbollia evrardii Hauman diseases
To manage these diseases, it is recommended to:
- Plant disease-resistant varieties
- Remove and destroy infected leaves, stems, and branches
- Apply fungicides and bactericides as directed
- Avoid overhead watering
- Maintain proper spacing between plants to promote air circulation
Common pests affecting Deinbollia evrardii Hauman
The African tobaccobush is also susceptible to several pests, including:
- Aphids: These are small, soft-bodied insects that suck sap from the leaves and stems, causing stunted growth, curling leaves, and yellowing.
- Spider mites: These are tiny, eight-legged creatures that feed on the undersides of the leaves, causing yellow stippling, webbing, and defoliation.
- Caterpillars: These are larvae of moths and butterflies that feed on the leaves, causing holes, notches, and defoliation.
Management of Deinbollia evrardii Hauman pests
To manage these pests, it is recommended to:
- Check plants regularly for signs of infestation
- Remove and destroy infested leaves and stems
- Apply insecticidal soap or neem oil as directed
- Encourage natural enemies, such as ladybugs, lacewings, and parasitic wasps
- Provide a clean environment by removing weeds, debris, and fallen fruits
